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Estudo de Casos de
Probabilidade
PROF. DR. NILO SAMPAIO
JÉSSICA MOREIRA BARBOSA – 2013.1.00622.11
LYVIA DE SOUZA SILVA ANASTACIO – 2013.2.04994.11
Estudo de Casos de Probabilidade
 Distribuição Binomial: é a distribuição de probabilidade discreta do
número de sucessos numa sequência de n tentativas
𝑃 =
𝑁
𝑥
𝑝 𝑥(1 − 𝑝) 𝑁−𝑥
 𝑁 : Tentativas
 𝑝 : Sucessos
 𝑥 : sucessos em 𝑁 tentativas
 1 – 𝑝: Fracasso
Distribuição Binomial
 Linha de Produção de Válvulas
-Probabilidade da ocorrência de uma peça defeituosa: 10%
-Inspeções realizadas em amostras de 10 peças
Qual a probabilidade de se obter:
1. Uma peça defeituosa?
2. Nenhuma peça defeituosa?
3. Duas peças defeituosas?
4. No mínimo duas peças defeituosas?
5. No máximo duas peças defeituosas?
Distribuição Binomial
1. Uma peça defeituosa:
P(x=1)=
10
1
(0,1)1 (1-0,1)10-1 =
10!
1! 10−1 !
0,1 (0,9)9
P(x=1)= 0,3874
2. Nenhuma peça defeituosa:
P(x=0)=
10
0
(0,1)0 (1-0,1)10-0 =
10!
0! 10−0 !
(0,9)10
P(x=0)= 0,3486
Distribuição Binomial
3. Duas peças defeituosas:
P(x=2)=
10
2
(0,1)2 (1-0,1)10-2 =
10!
2! 10−2 !
(0,1)2(0,9)8
P(x=2)= 0,1937
4. No mínimo duas peças defeituosas:
P(x≥2)= 1- P x = 0 + P(x = 1)
P(x≥2)= 0,2639
5. No máximo duas peças defeituosas:
P(x≤2)= P(x=0) + P(x=1) + P(x=2)
P(x≤2)= 0,9298
Estudo de Casos de Probabilidade
 Distribuição Exponencial: é um tipo de distribuição contínua
de probabilidade representada por um parâmetro lambda λ.
 A função de distribuição acumulada 𝑓(𝑥) é dada por:
𝑓 𝑥 = 0
𝑥
𝑓 𝑠 𝑑𝑠 = λ𝑒−λ𝑥 𝑠𝑒 𝑥 ≥ 0
0 𝑠𝑒 𝑥 < 0
λ : tempo médio de vida
𝑥: tempo de falha
Ambos devem ter a mesma unidade de tempo.
Distribuição Exponencial
 Falha de ventilador de motores a diesel.
-Distribuição exponencial com parâmetro λ =
1
28700
-Qual a probabilidade de um destes ventiladores
falhar nas primeiras 24000 horas?
Distribuição Exponencial
𝑃 0 ≤ 𝑋 ≤ 24000 =
0
24000
1
28700
𝑒−
𝑥
28700 𝑑𝑥
𝑃 0 ≤ 𝑋 ≤ 24000 =
1
28700
0
24000
𝑒−
𝑥
28700 𝑑𝑥
𝑃 0 ≤ 𝑋 ≤ 24000 = 𝑒
−𝑥
28700
24000
0
≅ 0,567
A probabilidade de um destes ventiladores falhar nas primeiras 24000 horas de
funcionamento é de 56,7%.

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Estudo de casos de probabilidade

  • 1. Estudo de Casos de Probabilidade PROF. DR. NILO SAMPAIO JÉSSICA MOREIRA BARBOSA – 2013.1.00622.11 LYVIA DE SOUZA SILVA ANASTACIO – 2013.2.04994.11
  • 2. Estudo de Casos de Probabilidade  Distribuição Binomial: é a distribuição de probabilidade discreta do número de sucessos numa sequência de n tentativas 𝑃 = 𝑁 𝑥 𝑝 𝑥(1 − 𝑝) 𝑁−𝑥  𝑁 : Tentativas  𝑝 : Sucessos  𝑥 : sucessos em 𝑁 tentativas  1 – 𝑝: Fracasso
  • 3. Distribuição Binomial  Linha de Produção de Válvulas -Probabilidade da ocorrência de uma peça defeituosa: 10% -Inspeções realizadas em amostras de 10 peças Qual a probabilidade de se obter: 1. Uma peça defeituosa? 2. Nenhuma peça defeituosa? 3. Duas peças defeituosas? 4. No mínimo duas peças defeituosas? 5. No máximo duas peças defeituosas?
  • 4. Distribuição Binomial 1. Uma peça defeituosa: P(x=1)= 10 1 (0,1)1 (1-0,1)10-1 = 10! 1! 10−1 ! 0,1 (0,9)9 P(x=1)= 0,3874 2. Nenhuma peça defeituosa: P(x=0)= 10 0 (0,1)0 (1-0,1)10-0 = 10! 0! 10−0 ! (0,9)10 P(x=0)= 0,3486
  • 5. Distribuição Binomial 3. Duas peças defeituosas: P(x=2)= 10 2 (0,1)2 (1-0,1)10-2 = 10! 2! 10−2 ! (0,1)2(0,9)8 P(x=2)= 0,1937 4. No mínimo duas peças defeituosas: P(x≥2)= 1- P x = 0 + P(x = 1) P(x≥2)= 0,2639 5. No máximo duas peças defeituosas: P(x≤2)= P(x=0) + P(x=1) + P(x=2) P(x≤2)= 0,9298
  • 6. Estudo de Casos de Probabilidade  Distribuição Exponencial: é um tipo de distribuição contínua de probabilidade representada por um parâmetro lambda λ.  A função de distribuição acumulada 𝑓(𝑥) é dada por: 𝑓 𝑥 = 0 𝑥 𝑓 𝑠 𝑑𝑠 = λ𝑒−λ𝑥 𝑠𝑒 𝑥 ≥ 0 0 𝑠𝑒 𝑥 < 0 λ : tempo médio de vida 𝑥: tempo de falha Ambos devem ter a mesma unidade de tempo.
  • 7. Distribuição Exponencial  Falha de ventilador de motores a diesel. -Distribuição exponencial com parâmetro λ = 1 28700 -Qual a probabilidade de um destes ventiladores falhar nas primeiras 24000 horas?
  • 8. Distribuição Exponencial 𝑃 0 ≤ 𝑋 ≤ 24000 = 0 24000 1 28700 𝑒− 𝑥 28700 𝑑𝑥 𝑃 0 ≤ 𝑋 ≤ 24000 = 1 28700 0 24000 𝑒− 𝑥 28700 𝑑𝑥 𝑃 0 ≤ 𝑋 ≤ 24000 = 𝑒 −𝑥 28700 24000 0 ≅ 0,567 A probabilidade de um destes ventiladores falhar nas primeiras 24000 horas de funcionamento é de 56,7%.