Presentation on Mitochondria

1. GUIDED BY: PRESENTED BY:
DR. K. K. PANIGRAHI SMRUTI RANJAN DANDPAT
ASST. PROF. PBG Admmission.No:10c/15

2. MITOCHONDRIA:
It is a rod shaped cytoplasmic organelle, also called
as “power house of cell”.
Mitochondria means: mitos = thread + chondrion =
granule
Discovered by Kolliker in 1880.
Altmann called them "bioblasts“in 1890.
The term "mitochondria" was coined by Carl Benda

3. The length of mitochondria is 3-10 micrometre and
diameter is 0.5-1.0 micrometre.
Under light microscope, it appear as rod shaped
,filamentous or granular structure in majority of cell.
The average number of mitochondria in a cell varies
from 200-800.
In case of some protozoa the number may vary upto

4. STRUCTURE OF MITOCHONDRIA:
• It contain about-
Protein = 65-70%
lipid = 25-30%
RNA = 1%
DNA = Less than 1%
There are 3 distinct parts to a mitochondrion. They are:
Membrane
Cristae
matrix

5. (A) MEMBRANE:
It consist of-
1. Outer mitochondrial membrane: encloses the entire
organelle.
60 to 75 angstroms (Å) thick.
It contains large numbers of integral membrane protein called
Porins.
2.Intermembrane space: It is the space between the outer
membrane and the inner membrane.
This space is about 40-47 Å.
It is also known as perimitochondrial space.

6. 3.Inner mitochondrial membrane:
The inner membrane is around 1/5 of the total protein in a
mitochondrion.
The inner membrane has 75% protein and 25% lipid.

8. (B) CRISTAE:
The inner mitochondrial membrane has a series of inside
folding which are known as cristae.
It expand the surface area of the inner mitochondrial
membrane, enhancing its ability to produce ATP.
One recent mathematical modeling study has suggested that
the optical properties of the cristae in filamentous
mitochondria may affect propagation of light within the tissue

9. Cross-sectional image of cristae in
rat liver mitochondrion to
demonstrate the likely 3D structure
and relationship to the inner
membrane

10. (C) MATRIX:
The matrix is the space enclosed by the inner membrane.
It is important in the production of ATP.
It contains a highly concentrated mixture of hundreds of
enzymes.
Each mitochondria has the several number of circular DNA
which are present in the matrix or attached to the surface of
the Inner membrane of the mitochondria.
The enzyme associated with Kreb’s cycle are present in

11. ORIGIN OF MITOCHONDRIA:
There are 2 main views about the origin:
1st one is mitochondria has the self replicating property i.e.
the new mitochondria are formed from the fission of the pre-
existing mitochondria.
2nd view is, they originate from the nuclear envelope.

12. FUNCTIONS OF MITOCHONDRIA:
It is the site of cell respiration.
The oxidation of carbohydrate, lipid and protein occurs in
mitochondria.
It supply energy for various process of cell in the form of ATP.
It contain some amount of DNA , so is associated with the
cytoplasmic inheritance.

13. REFERENCE:
Dr. Kaushik Kumar Panigrahi (Asst. Professor Plant Breeding
And Genetics)
Fundamentals of genetics: By B.D. Singh
Wikipedia(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/mitochondrion)

14. THANK YOU
HAVE A NICE DAY