This is very important presentation on stem and leaf, histogram, why we use them how we use them and the tool that is used to draw these.

1. Statistic and probability

2. Content In Presentation
 Scatter Plot
 Stem and Leaf
 Box-plot
 Histogram

3.  Now We discuss them in details.

4. Scatter plot
 a graph in which the values of two variables are plotted along two axes, the
pattern of the resulting points revealing any correlation present.
 It contain Series of dots.

5. Example
 Relationship between temperature and Jacket sale
 CC
 Correlation


6. When to use Scatter plot
 This is used to find the correlation.
 We have positive correlation, negative correlation and no correlation.
 When we have pair numeric data.
 Identity the type of relationship between two quantities.

7. Tool to create Scatter Plot
 Excel
 Scatter Plot in minitab
 T189 Scatter Plot
 T183 Scatter plot
 SPSS Scatter plot

8. Stem and leaf plot
 A Stem and Leaf Plot is a special table where each data value is split into a
"stem" (the first digit or digits) and a "leaf" (usually the last digit). Like in this
example:
 Stem "1" Leaf "5" means 15
 Stem "1" Leaf "6" means 16
 Stem "2" Leaf "1" means 21

9. When To use Stem and leaf plot
 The "stem" is used to group the scores and each "leaf" shows the individual scores within each
group.
 Long Jump Example
Sam got his friends to do a long jump and got these results:
2.3, 2.5, 2.5, 2.7, 2.8 3.2, 3.6, 3.6, 4.5, 5.0
Stem Leaf
2 3 5 5 7 8
3 2 6 6
4 5
5 0

10. Tools to find the stem and leaf plot
 Stem and leaf plot in excel
 Minitab
 Matlab

11. Box and Wisker plot or Box plot
 The box plot ( box and whisker diagram) is a standardized way of displaying
the distribution of data based on the five number summary: minimum, first
quartile, median, third quartile, and maximum.

12. For Example
 Find Q1, Q2, Q3 from given below set and identify outlier and draw box-plot
 Data Set: 5,40,42,46,48,49,50,50,52,53,55,56,58,75,102
 Q2=50
 Q1=46
 Q3=56
 IQR=Q3-Q1 that is 10
 No we need to find the values less than Q1-(1.5*IQR)or greater than
 Q3+(1.5*IQR)

13. Example Continue…
 Q1-(1.5*IQR), 46-15=31
 Q1-(1.5*IQR), 56-15=71
 Now 5 is less than 31 and 75 and 102 are greater than 71 so we have 3 outlier
in this case.
 Diagram of Box-Plot

14. When to use Box Plot
 This helps to find the outlier in our data sets.
 Outlier
If the data value is very far away form the quartiles ( Either much less than Q1
and much greater than Q3 ) is referred to outlier.

15. Tools used for Box Plot
 Excel
 Matlab

16. Histogram
 A graphically display of data using bars of different heights.
 It consist of title, Horizontal or X axis, bars, Vertical or Y axis.

17. When to use Histogram
 Summarize large data sets graphically
 Compare measurements to specifications
 Communicate information to the team
 Assist in decision making

18. Tools for Histogram
 Excel
 Minitab
 Matlab