Debate points

1. Title: Animal’s Testing should be Banned
Yes/No

2. Page 2 of 8
Animals testing should be banned
I. Animal testing is cruel and inhumane.
Many animals which are used in
experiment space forced feeding,
impoverishment of water and food. The
animals are burnt in order to study the
procedure of healing. They are given
pain just to study the effect caused by
the pain. The US Department of
Agriculture reported that more than
300,000 animals are used in the
activities which caused pain to animals
in just one year.
II. Scientists are able to test vaccines on
human volunteers.
Same like the animals used in research
there should be an authorization that
human can also be used in testing when
it needed. The coronavirus pandemic
signified that while doing research
animals can be omitted and the drug can
directly be tested on humans.
Animals testing should not be
banned
Animal testing contributes to life-
saving cures and treatments.
The California Biomedical Research
Association states that..nearly every
medical breakthrough in the last 100
years..has resulted directly from research
using animals. Animal research played a
great role in finding the treatment of the
disease which cannot be cured before..
such as breast cancer, brain injury,
childhood leukemia, multiple sclerosis,
tuberculosis, and more.
Animal testing is crucial to ensure that
vaccines are safe.
Every scientist is rushing to produce the
vaccine for coronavirus during this
global pandemic. The vaccine is needed
to be tested on animals like mice
because the direct application of the
vaccine on human may cause the virus
turn to its worst form. Nikolai Petrovsky,
professor in the College of Medicine and
Public Health, said testing a corona virus
vaccine on animals is very necessary and
ignoring this step can cause a great
damage to human lives.

3. Page 3 of 8
III.Alternative testing methods now exist that
can replace the need for animals.
There are so many alternative methods
which can be used in place of animal testing.
Vitro testing is basically a test done on
human cells or tissues in Petri dish. These
types of test can replace the need of animals
testing. 3D printing allows the possibility of
tissue bio-printing. A French company is
working on the development of the artificial
skin which will be made from sheets of
human skin cells in the test tubes. The
artificially grown skin can produce much
more effective result then testing drugs on
animal skin. The Environmental Protection
Agency is so confident that by using the
artificial means of testing they can reduce
animals testing by 30% till 2025 end it will
completely be eradicated by 2035.
IV. Animals are very different from human
beings and therefore make poor test
subjects.
The physical structure and the internal body
structure of animals is totally different than
that of human beings, their anatomic
metabolic and cellular structure varies. Paul
Furlong, Professor of Clinical Neuroimaging
at Aston University (UK), states that “it’s
very hard to create an animal model that
even equates closely to what we’re trying to
achieve in the human.”
There is no adequate alternative to testing
on a living, whole-body system.
As we all know that the human beings and
animals are made up of very complex
structure.. if we study the cell in a Petri
dish.. then we will be unable to find
that..what is happening in the other body
part and we will not be able to get the
information about the side effects occurring
in different body organs or body systems.
We will not get the opportunity to study the
results occurring in CNS, endocrine system
and immune system.
Animals are appropriate research
subjects because they are similar to
human beings in many ways.
99% of the DNA of Chimpanzees is same as
that of humans and mice have 98%
genetically similarity to humans. All the
mammals which include humans have
adopted the body structure from their
ancestors, and all have the same set of
organs that function in the same way with
the help of CNS. Because animals and
humans are so similar, they almost live in
the same condition and also face same kind
of illness like cancer and heart disease etc.

4. Page 4 of 8
V. Drugs that pass animal tests are not
necessarily safe.
In 1950s the sleeping pill named
thalidomide was tested on animals. Before
lounging into the market after that the
sample was tested on pregnant mice, cats
and other animals. The drug did not resulted
in the birth of defective babies as the drug
was given to those animals in extremely
high dose. But it caused 10,000 babies born
with severe disabilities in humans. The
animal test of arthritis drug showed the
protective effect on the heart of mice but it
caused 27,000 sudden heart attacks in
humans.
VI. Animal tests may mislead researchers
into ignoring potential cures and
treatments.
Some chemicals which are proved to be
harmful on animals showed very positive
results in humans. Aspirin, is found as a
harmful drug for animal but it showed good
results on humans. Intravenous vitamin C
has shown to be effective in treating sepsis
in humans, but makes no difference to mice,
according to neurologist Aysha Akhtar.
Animals must be used in cases when
ethical considerations prevent the use of
human subjects.
When testing medicines for potential
toxi-city, the lives of human beings should
not be put in danger. It would be considered
an immoral act to perform such life
threatening experiments directly on humans.
The World Medical Association Declaration
states that.. human trials should be carried
out but the initial attempt must be done on
animals.
Animals themselves benefit from the
results of animal testing.
Vaccines tested on animals saved thousands
of millions of animals that would otherwise
have died from rabies, hepatitis virus,
tetanus, anthrax, and canine parvo virus.
Animal testing has proved very helpful in
saving endangered species from extinction;
endangered species includes the black-
footed ferret, the California condor and the
tamarinds of Brazil.

5. Page 5 of 8
VII. Only 5% of animals used in experiments
are protected by US law
The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) does not
apply to rats, mice, fish, and birds, which
account for 95% of the animals used in
research. The types of animals covered by
the AWA account for fewer than one million
animals used in research facilities each year,
which leaves around 25 million other
animals without protection from
mistreatment.
VIII. Animal tests do not reliably predict
results in human beings.
94% of drugs which were successful on
animals failed to treat human diseases,
According to neurologist Aysha Akhtar,
over 100 stroke drugs that were effective
when tested on animals have failed in
humans, and over 85 HIV vaccines failed in
humans after performing well in non-human
primates.
Animal research is highly regulated, with
laws in place to protect animals from
mistreatment.
Animal research has been regulated by the
federal Animal Welfare Act (AWA) since
1966. As well as stipulate minimum housing
standards for research animals (enclosure
size, temperature, access to clean food and
water, and others). All proposals to use
animals for research must be approved by an
Institutional Animal Care.
Animals often make better research
subjects than human beings because of
their shorter life cycles.
Laboratory mice, lives for only two to three
years, so researchers can easily study the
effects of treatments or genetic manipulation
over a whole lifespan, or across several
generations, which would be inconvenient
using humans. Mice and rats are considered
to be great test species while testing cancer
because they have very short period of life
like three years.

6. Page 6 of 8
IX. There is increasing demand for cruelty
free products.
More than one third of the population of
women purchases those cosmetics which
don’t have animals testing. Most of the
countries banned the product in which any
animal get harmed. The World is moving
towards the cruelty free products. People are
more concerned about the fact of the animal
testing.
X. Most experiments involving animals are
flawed, wasting the lives of the animal
subjects.
A reviewed study found serious flaws in the
majority of publicly funded US and UK
animal studies using rodents and primates:
“only 59% of the studies stated the
hypothesis or objective of the study and the
number and characteristics of the animals
used.” A 2017 study found further flaws in
animal studies, including “incorrect data
interpretation, unforeseen technical issues,
incorrectly constituted (or absent) control
groups, selective data reporting, inadequate
or varying software systems, and blatant
fraud.”
Some cosmetics and health care products
must be tested on animals to ensure their
safety.
Most women use an average of 12 personal
care products per day, so product safety is of
great importance. The US Food and Drug
Administration endorse the use of animal
tests on cosmetics to assure the safety of a
product or ingredient. China requires that
most cosmetics be tested on animals before
they go on sale, so cosmetics companies
must have their products tested on animals if
they want distribution in one of the largest
markets in the world. Manufacturers of
products such as hand sanitizer and insect
repellent, which can protect people from,
malaria, and West Nile Virus, test on
animals to meet legal requirements for
putting these products on the market.
Animals do not have rights; therefore it is
acceptable to experiment on them.
Animals do not have enough rights which
need to be protected there are some animal
rights which are being fallows by people. If
proper rights for animals will be formed
than the humans have to become vegetarian.

7. Page 7 of 8
XI. The Animal Welfare Act has not
succeeded in preventing horrific cases of
animal abuse in research laboratories.
Violations of the Animal Welfare Act at the
federally funded New Iberia Research
Center (NIRC) in Louisiana included
maltreatment of primates who were
suffering such severe psychological stress
that they engaged in self-mutilation, infant
primates awake and alert during painful
experiments, and chimpanzees being
intimidated and shot with a dart gun
XII. Medical breakthroughs involving animal
research may still have been made
without the use of animals
Devoting enough money and resources to
animal-free alternatives could result in the
same medical advances achieved through
animal testing. Humane Research Australia
(HRA) reports that many discoveries made
by non-animal methods were later verified
by animal experiments, giving false credit to
animal use.
The vast majority of biologists and
several of the largest biomedical and
health organizations in the United States
endorse animal testing.
A poll of 3,748 scientists by the Pew
Research Center found that 89% favored the
use of animals in scientific research. The
American Cancer Society, Physiological
Society, National Association for
Biomedical Research, American Heart
Association, all advocate the use of animals
in scientific research.
Animal researchers treat animals
humanely, both for the animals’ sake and
to ensure reliable test results.
Research animals are cared for by
veterinarians, husbandry specialists, and
animal health technicians to ensure their
well-being and more accurate findings.
Rachel Rubino, attending veterinarian and
director of the animal facility said, “Most
people who work with research animal’s
love that animal. We want to give them the
best lives possible, treat them humanely.”

8. Page 8 of 8
XIII. Animal testing causes unimaginable
suffering.
People who spend time with animals know
that they experience the same range of
emotions as people. They are capable of
love, joy, sadness and grief and above all,
they are capable of suffering. Most
mammals will need some form of contact,
either from a human or from another animal,
in order to enjoy their life to the fullest.
Animals used in testing often undergo
procedures that result in terrible pain and
trauma.
Fewer animals are used in research than
as food for humans.
Compared to the amount of chicken, cattle,
sheep that humans eat, relatively few of
them are used in experimentation. With
consideration to the medical progress and
advancement such tests provided, it is a
small price to pay.
It is less expensive than any other
alternative.
Animal testing decreases the cost
significantly. Testing on humans is highly
expensive. During clinical trials, human
subjects are procured to make the final test
before releasing drug into market. These
human subjects have to be paid many times
more than animals for study.
It provides extensive research
opportunity which is not possible on any
other alternative.
Animal study provides for extensive
research. After testing the drug for its effects
in terms of behavior and body changes,
further study is done on the tissues and
specific organ. The animals are killed and
the tissues related to drug action are isolated
and taken for molecular level study. This
type of study actually gives an idea of how
the drug shows it effect at molecular levels.