1. Manthan Topic: Stepping Stones: Enhancing
The Quality of Primary Education
Model to improve primary education
Moti Rabari
Jignesh Chauhan
Rushabh Patel
Nitesh Sadvani
Pankit Patel

2. The number of students completing their primary education with
inadequate numeracy and literacy skills is Major concern.
1) Inadequate teacher qualification &support.
 In 2008-2009, on average, 45% of Primary teachers had not studied beyond the 12th
grade.
 Teachers have to teach multiple grades, textbooks are pitched far above the
comprehension level of students, and each classroom has children with different
levels of learning achievements.
2) Low Teacher Motivation and High Absenteeism.
 Primary school teachers employed by the government, particularly in rural India, are
required to perform a wide range of duties completely unrelated to imparting
education. These duties -- including administering government programs such as
immunization clinics, assisting with data-collection for the national census, and
staffing polling stations during elections -- in addition to their teaching
responsibilities, place significant demands on teachers‘ time.
 The impact of absenteeism is exacerbated by the fact that the average primary school
in India has a workforce of no more than three teachers.

3. 3) Flawed Teaching Methodology:
 In India, rote learning has been institutionalized as a teaching
methodology.
 Primary school teachers in rural India often try to educate
students by making them repeat sections of text over and over
again“
 Often they do not explain the meaning of the text, which results
in stunted reading comprehension skills over the course of the
children's education.

4. Proposed Solution for the Inadequate Teacher
Qualification & Support.

5. Improve Teacher Selection Procedure
Criteria Weightage (in %)
Entrance Exam 40
PTC 40
Additional qualification e.g.
Graduation, B.Ed.,PG,
Computer knowledge
20
Entrance exam
criteria
Weightage (in %)
Syllabus of primary
grades
50
Reasoning 20
Computer Knowledge 20
General knowledge 10

6. Training Program During Vacation
1. Pre service Training Criteria:
 Behavior on workplace
 Discipline
 Lectures by experts related to academy
 Coaching
2. In service Training
 Yoga, Meditation
 Use of technology in academic field
 Administrative Training
 Training Introducing new syllabus
Type of Training Duration Trainer
Pre service Training 15 days Experienced Teachers
In service Training 5 days Experts of various
fields

7. Continuous Performance Appraisal Program
Based on the Performance appraisal there should be a Grading
system for teachers evaluation and based on that remuneration and
training should be decided.
Appraisee Appraiser Crieteria
Students Education field Experts
& NGOs & Beurocatics
Test of Numeracy
& Literacy
Teachers Education field Experts
& NGOs & Beurocatics
Innovativeness,
eagerness to
learn
Principals Education field Experts
& NGOs & Beurocatics
Administrative

8. Proposed Solution for the Low Teacher Motivation
and High Absenteeism.
 To reduce the work burden of teachers activities unrelated to imparting
education should be reduced.
 With the help of Above Awards they may get promotion.
 For Reducing actual absenteeism govt. should install finger print machine.
 High absenteeism may resulted in the Transfers or Demotion and
Remuneration deduction.
Awards
category
Rewards CRITERIA
Best teacher of
taluka
50,000 Rs Based on performance appraisal and
low absenteeism.
Best teacher of
District
100,000
Rs
Best performer in Winners from All
the talukas of district

9. Proposed Solution for the Teaching Methodology
 Teaching should be done through practical way. For example, Real
world examples, Practical demonstration.
 Uses of the technology:
 Teaching should be done through Projectors Include pictures,
videos, animations etc…
 Govt. should broadcast some television programs.
 Government should Train the Teachers for appreciating Co-
curriculum activities.

10. Impact of the Proposed Solution on Primary Education
 This suggestion will helps to increase Skilled labor force.
 This will resulted in Higher GDP of the nation.
 Higher GDP will helps to improve living standard of the
people.
 This will resulted in higher HRD Index.

11. Faces Key Concepts and Implementation Risks
Concept Risks
• Government do not see the
viability of funding this
model.
• Teachers may not show
their interests in Training
programs.
Implementation Challenges
• Difficulty in integrating with
government infrastructure
and institute.
• Implication of this program
needs massive efforts.
• Biasness in evaluation may
resulted in poor implication
of the program.
Mitigation factors
• Government should
increase the education
fund in budget and
should keep watch on
Efficiency of the Fund
usage.
• Training shold be
compulsory for the
teachers.
• To stop biasness govt.
should implement rotation
system in inspection.
• Govt. should form the
team of the experts for
better program
implementation.

12. Appendix
References:
 The district information system for education
 The 2011 Annual status of Education report.
 Anurag Behar, CEO, Azim Premji Foundation.
 Dhir Jhingran, Indian Administrative Service.
 ‘Needs Improvement’ : Despite Progress , India’s
Primary Education System Has a ways to go