The document discusses calendering and its various applications in home furnishings. Calendering is a process where fabric is passed under rollers at high temperatures and pressures to smooth, coat, or thin materials. There are different types of calendering used for different home furnishing categories: swizzing calendering is used for bed linens, chasing calendering for bathroom items, and cire calendering for table and kitchen linens. Calendering helps upgrade fabric handles and provides durability for home textiles.

1. Calendering
& application in
Home Furnishing
Presented By: Ahmad Hassan
2014-BT-TXT-03
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Furnishings
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2. Outline
• What is Calendering?
• Objects
• Types of calendering
• Application of calendering in Home Furnishing
▫ Domestics
▫ Home furnishing
▫ Floor Coverings
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3. Over view of calendering
• Calendering
A calender is employed, usually to smooth, coat,
or thin a material. With textiles, fabric is passed
under rollers at high temperatures and
pressures.
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4. Universal Calendering Machine
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5. Objects
• To upgrade the fabric handle and to impart a
smooth silky touch to the fabric.
• To compress the fabric and reduce its thickness.
• To reduce the Air Permeability of the fabric by
changing its porosity.
• To impart different degree of Luster to the
fabric.
• To reduce the Yarn Slippage.
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6. Types of calendering
• Simple calendering
• Felt calendering
• Chasing calendaring
• Swizzing
• Embossed calendering
• Moire calendering
• Cire calendering
• Friction calendering
• Glazed calendering
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7. Simple calendering
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8. Felt calendering
• Light weight cotton goods. This is also employed
for the finishing of knitted goods. Blanket
drying is a special method of cylinder drying.
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9. Swizzing calendering
• Before calendaring, softening and filling agents should
be added to produce luster.
• All the bowls in this machine are rotated in the same
speed. The normal speed of the machine is 90 yards/
min.
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10. Chasing calendaring
• A chasing calendar finish is obtained with all the
bowls of the calendaring machine running with
the same surface speed, and the cotton fabric is
passed through the nips of the calendar from
several times, each layer of the cloth overlapping
one another.
• Chasing gives a soften Linen appearance and a
special soft handle to the fabric.
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11. Application in Home Furnishing
• Home furnishings is the fashion product
category that includes textiles used to furnish
and decorate the home, such as towels, linens,
and bedding.
• Designers in the home furnishing industry
create fashion through the use of colors,
designs, and fabrics
• Consumers want the fabrics to be strong,
durable, colorfast and stain resistant
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12. Three categories of home furnishing
Domestics:
(bed linens, bathroom items, table & kitchen linens)
Home Furnishings:
(window treatments, upholstery furniture, throw pillows)
Floor Coverings:
(carpeting, area rugs, throw rugs, non-fabric floor
tiles)
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13. 1.Domestic…
Bed linens (Swizzing C.)
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14. Bathroom items (Chasing C.)
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15. Table & Kitchen linens (Cire C.)
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• Ciré fabrics are coated with a wax or resin before being
calendered with heated rollers.
• When thermoplastic fibres are used, the fiber surface
that comes in contact with the metal roll melts and
flattens slightly and produce highly polished fabric.
• Cire is a taffeta, satin or tricot, silk or silk blends fabric.
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16. Window treatments (Simple C.)
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17. Upholstery furniture (Embossed C.)
• The embossed pattern is created by passing the fabric between a
heated embossing roller and a shaped paper roll.
• Damask effect can be produced but the effect is temporary. It lasts
longer on mercerised fabric.
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18. Throw pillows (Moire C.)
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• Moiré is developed using either a moiré embossing roller or a high
compression calendering of two layers of ribbed-base fabric in a
single pass.
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19. Carpeting, area rugs(Floor Coverings)
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20. Non-fabric floor tiles (Moire C.)
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21. Curtain (Felt Calendering)
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22. Curtain (Glazed Calendering)
• Glazed fabrics such as polished cottons or chintz fabrics are
created by saturating the fabric in a starch, wax or resin solution
and allowing it to dry before calendering it.
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23. References
• Wikipedia
• Alibaba.com
• Google scholar (papers 2004 finshing)
•
Damask effect - Google
Searchwww.google.com.pk
•
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