This document provides an overview of several major air travel organizations: - IATA is an international trade group of airlines headquartered in Montreal that was formed in 1945 to represent the interests of commercial airlines. - UFTAA is an international federation of travel agents and tour operators created in 1966 through the merger of two large world organizations. - PATA is an association that promotes responsible tourism development in the Asia-Pacific region, beginning in 1951. The document then asks questions about the aims, activities, and objectives of these organizations.

2. Action Plan:
1.) The Contents of the Project must be
based on Proper Findings.
2.) Have Discussions about the Research
Project with the Faculty.
3.) Completion of the Project in theAllotted
Time.

3. 1.) Primary Sources:
a) I used the Knowledge I had
Regarding the Topics.
b) Discussions with Trainers or
Teachers.
c) Modules of Aviation &
Hospitality.
2.) Secondary Source:
a) Internet.
Sources of Data:

4. Daily Action Plan:
1.) Gather as much Data/Information
about the Topics.
2.) Select the most Appropriate/Accurate
Data/Information about the Topics.
3.) Discover/Invent Unique/Different
Ways/Methods to make this
Presentation Better.

6. Research Proposal & Hypothesis:
Some Related Questions:
Q1. DefineAviation with some History & also mention
Types ofAircrafts?
Q2. What/who is Cabin Crew?
Q3. What are the Responsibilities/Duties of
Cabin Crew?
Q4. Explain the Cabin Crew Routine for an International
Flight from Sign-In until Sign-Out?
Q5. What are the In-FlightAnnouncements?
Q6. What is the Role of Cabin Crew in Emergencies?
Q7. Mention/Describe some Emergency Equipments &
also give Safety Demonstration?

7. Q1. DefineAviation with some History &
also mention types of Aircrafts?
Definition ofAviation:
There is ‘No Particular
Definition of Aviation’, but We can consider
‘Aviation’ as a “SpecialArt or Science of
Flying/Air Travel” which includes Excessive
use of “Modern Science & Technology” in
order to keep “Aviation/Flying/Air Travel Safe &
Comfortable.”

10. Q2. What or Who is Cabin Crew?
Cabin Crew:
Cabin Crew or FlightAttendants
(also known as Stewards/Stewardesses orAir
Hosts/Hostesses) are Members of Aircrew
Employed byAirlines Primarily to Ensure the
Safety and Comfort of PassengersAboard on
Commercial Flights, on select Business Jet
Aircrafts, and on some MilitaryAircrafts.

14. Q3. What are the Responsibilities/Duties of
Cabin Crew?
Responsibilities/Duties of Cabin Crew:
1.) Go Over Safety & Emergency Checklists.
2.) Verification of Boarding Particulars.
3.) Welcoming & Greeting.
4.) General Passenger Management.
5.) Ensure Passenger Safety.
6.) Customer Service Duties(Serving Meals &
Drinks).

16. 7.) Check the Locations andAmount of
Emergency Equipment & Other
Features Specific to theAircraft Type.
8.) Safety Check is Conducted to ensure
all Equipments such as Life Vests,
Torches & Fire Fighting
Equipments are on Board, and are in
proper Condition.
9.) Monitor the Cabin for any Unusual
Smells or Situations.

18. 10.) Cabin Crew do a Safety Demonstration
or Monitor Passengers as they watch a
Safety Video.
11.) Cabin Crew must “Secure the Cabin"
ensuring Tray Tables are Stowed, Seats
are in their upright Positions,Armrests
Down, Carry-Ons Stowed Correctly
& Seat Belts Fastened Prior to Takeoff.
12.)Aircraft Evacuation(during emergencies).

20. 13.) Fire Fighting(if any).
14.) First Aid(if any).
15.) Good Personal Presentation.
16.) To Work as a Brilliant Team.
17.) SpecialAttention to Special Passengers
(e.g. kids, elders, physically handicapped).

22. Q4. Explain the Cabin Crew Routine for an
International Flight from Sign-In until
Sign-Out?
The Cabin Crew should be Well Groomed, the
Crew must have Pleasant Personality, Charming
Voice Quality andAbility to Solve Problems of
Passengers.

23. The
Routine

24. 1.) Take part in Pre-Flight Briefing by the
Captain with the Entire Flight Crew to
learn about expected Weather Conditions,
Special Passenger Problems, etc.
2.) Check Seat Belts, Seat Backs and Tray Tables,
Screening Passengers for Carry-on limitations
Verify Destination and Direct Passengers to
Seats.

26. 3.) Ensure that Carry-on Luggage is Stored in
Accordance with Compliance Regulations
Ensure passengers are fully compliant with all
“FederalAviation Regulations”.
4.) Check Supplies, Safety Equipments, the
PublicAddress System, assist Handicapped,
Elderly People & Children.

28. 5.) Check Passenger Cabin and Galleys before
Passengers Board, Check that all Supplies,
Safety Equipments & Food are on Board and
In-Place.
6.) Greet Passengers, Help Passengers Store
Carry-on Luggage and Coats.

30. 7.) Check that Passenger Seat Belts are
Fastened. Ensure that Passengers are in
Observance of "No Smoking" Sign,
8.) MakeAnnouncements over PublicAddress
System regarding Weather,Altitude,
Estimated Flight Time, etc.

32. 9.) Demonstrate Use of Safety Equipments.
10.) Maintain Cabin Safety Under Severe
Turbulence, Communicate with the Captain,
Explain & Demonstrate Safety Features.
11.) Distribute Reading Materials, Pillows,
Blankets to Passengers, Serve Refreshments
and Meals to Passengers.

34. 12.) Post - Flight Duties write Reports on Minor
Medication given to Passengers, Lost and
FoundArticles, Cabin & Equipment needing
Attention & Numerous Other Matters that
may need to be Reported.
13.) If Required by theAirline, perform Tidying
Chores such as Folding Blankets, Wiping-off
the Buffets, Straightening Curtains/Shades etc.

36. Q5. What are the Different In-FlightAnnouncements?
In-FlightAnnouncements are
made on allAirlines & on every Sector. Usually the
Cabin Crew Working in the Forward Zone of the
Aircraft makes theAnnouncements.
”

37. PassengerAddress(P.A.)Announcements
are made first in the National Language of
the Carrier(Airline) for e.g. On Indian
Airlines the HindiAnnouncement will be
made first, while on Air France, the French
Announcement will be made first & then
the English are made.

38. 1.) Prior to Take-offAnnouncements:
a) Welcoming & Greeting.
b) Door Closing.
c) Flight Information.
d) Safety Demonstration Drill.

39. 2.)After Take-offAnnouncements:
a) Emergency Signs ‘off’Announcements.
b) Bad Weather.
c) In-Flight Entertainment(Names of Movies/
Serials/Documentaries).
d) Duty Free Sale.
e) Commencement of Food Service(Meal
to be Served).

41. 3.) Prior to Landing:
a) ‘Fasten Seat Belt’Sign.
b) Destination SpecificAnnouncements.
c) Bar Closing.
d) Disembarkation Card-Filling & Regulations.

43. 4.) There are a fewAnnouncements that can be
made anytime during the Flight due to a
Specific Reason:
a) Request for a Doctor on Board.
b) Lost & FoundArticles.
c) Paging for a Specific Passenger.
d) Showing the Passengers Something New,
Beautiful & Scenic from theAircraft on the
Ground.
e) TurbulenceAnnouncements.

45. 5.)After Landing:
a) Thanking the Passengers.
b) Crew Change.
c)Airport SpecificAnnouncements.
d) Delay/Connecting Fits/Gate Number/
SpecialAnnouncements etc…

46. Q6. Role of Cabin Crew in Emergencies?
Emergencies are very Few &
Far between on Board andAircraft. The
Incidents of Emergencies related with
Passengers Medical Cases & FirstAid, are
more than any Technical Episodes linked to
theAircraft Itself.

47. We can Divide all the Emergencies
Cabin Crew can Fall-In Two Categories:
1.)Anticipated Emergencies.
2.) Un-Anticipated Emergencies.

48. 1.)Anticipated Emergencies:
In these the Crew Mostly
Have Some Time to Prepare the Cabin &
Passengers to Face the Emergency Efficiently. The
Crew follows the Procedures to be laid down,
Technical Emergencies relating toAircraft usually
Fall in this Category.

49. 2.) Un-Anticipated Emergencies:
In these the Crew Does Not
Have any Prior ‘Notice’about the
Emergency Taking Place. BeingAlert,
Presence of Mind, Quick Decision-Making
& Calm Behavior is the Key to Handling
Such Crisis.

50. Role of Cabin Crew in Emergencies:
1.)Always do all the Pre-Flight Checks
Related to Emergencies.
2.) Co-operate & Co-ordinate with the Other
Members of the Crew in any ‘Situation’.
3.) Show Quickness of Thought & Remain
Composed &Attentive at all Times.
4.) Be Familiar with all the Rules &
Regulations Required of You while You
are Working.

51. 5.) Know the Locations & Use of all the
Emergency Equipment on Board.
6.) Follow all the Service Procedures Before
&After Take-Off Concerning Passenger
Safety, for e.g. Seat Belt Fastened, all
Hand Baggage StowedAway etc, on all
the Flights Undertaken.

52. Q7. Describe some Flight Emergency Safety
Equipments & also give Safety Demonstration?
Flight Emergency & Safety Equipments:
Most Airlines share a Common
Set of Flight Safety Equipments on Board their
Aircrafts. The Number, Quality, Brands,
Locations of all the Safety Equipments, their
Numbers, are all nearly 99% Identical, as it
Enables Immediate or Quick Usage in
Emergencies.

53. SAFETY EQUIPMENTS:

54. SEAT OR SAFETY
BELTS:

55. AIR/OXYGEN MASK:

56. FIREAXE/CRASHAXE:

57. FIRE EXTINGUISHERS:

58. FIRST AID BOX:

59. Life Jacket:

60. MEGAPHONE:

61. RADIO BEACONS:

62. SMOKE GOGGLES:

63. PHYSICIAN’S KIT:

64. ASBESTOS GLOVES:

66. Conclusion:
This Presentation Emphasizes on Civil
Aviation but Main Focus is on Cabin Crew.
The Presentation Describes Cabin
Crew’s Functions, Duties, Routines, Roles during
Emergencies, various In-Flight Announcements &
Safety Demonstrations etc...

67. Identification ofAreas of Future
Research:
1.)Aviation or Air Travel Safe or Not.
2.) Types of Aircrafts.
3.) Technology used in Aircrafts.
4.) Importance of Ground Crew or
Staff.
5.) Difficulties Faced by Passengers &
Airport Staff.

68. The
End

69. Research Proposal & Hypothesis:
Some Related Questions:
Q1. What is Housekeeping?
Q2. What are the Responsibilities/Duties of
Housekeeping Department?
Q3. Why Housekeeping is Considered as Backbone of a
Hotel?
Q4. What are Different Sub-Departments of
Housekeeping Department?
Q5. What are the DifferentAmenities Provided by
Housekeeping Department?

70. Q1. What is Housekeeping?
Housekeeping is the Department that Deals
Essentially with Cleanliness and allAncillary Service
Attached to that. It is one of the most Integral
Department within the Hotel, Housekeeping Department
is Responsible for the Care & upkeep of all Guestrooms
& Public Spaces. Cleanliness is one of the most
Important features a Hotel can offer it’s Guests. The
Housekeeping Department is the intermediary which
supplies these consumable goods in each room.

71. Q2. What are the Responsibilities/Duties of
Housekeeping Department?
1.) To Establish a WelcomingAtmosphere & ensure
Courteous, Reliable Service from all Staff of the
Department.
2.) To Ensure a High Standard of Cleanliness & General
upkeep in allAreas for which the Department is
Responsible.
3.) Cleaning Rooms, Changing Bedding.
4.) Cleaning of all Bathrooms.
5.) Replacing Toiletries, Cleaning CommonAreas.

72. 6.) To Provide & Maintain the Floral Decorations &
Maintain the LandscapedAreas of the Hotel.
7.) To Coordinate Renovation & Refurnishing of the
Property in Consultation with the
Management & with Interior Designers.
8.) To Ensure Training, Control & Supervision of all
StaffAttached to the Department.
9.) To Coordinate with Purchase Department for the
Procurement of Guest Supplies, CleaningAgents,
Equipments, Fabrics, Carpets & Other Items used in
the Hotel.

73. 10.) To Provide Linen in Rooms, Restaurants, Banquet Halls,
ConferenceVenues, Health Club & so on, as well as
maintain an Inventory for the same.
11.) To Deal with Lost & FoundArticles.
12.) To Ensure that Safety & Security Regulations are
made known to all Staff of the Department.
13.) To Cater to the Laundering Requirements of
Hotel Linen, Staff Uniforms & Guest Clothing.
14.) To Provide Uniforms for all the Staff & Maintain
Adequate Inventories for the same.
15.) To keep the General Manager orAdministration
Informed of all Matters RequiringAttention.

75. Q3. Why Housekeeping is Considered as
Backbone of a Hotel?
1.) The Housekeeping Department is Responsible for the
upkeep & Maintenance of the Entire Hotel.
2.) One of the First Impressions a Guest forms when
he/she walks into a Hotel is a reflection of the
Housekeeping Department - how Clean, and Well
Maintained the Surroundings are, No Hotel can
function without this Department.

76. 3.) APleasant Environment Improves Guest satisfaction
& can increase Guest’s use of Services & Frequent
Visits.
4.) People go to the Hotel to have a HomeAway from
Home, it’s the Housekeeping Department that
transforms a Chaotic Room into a Home.
5.) Housekeeping is a way to set a Hotel apart from it’s
Competitors.

77. 6.) Housekeeping establishes a Hotel's Reputation for
Cleanliness & Quality.
7.) It is vital to have a strong Housekeeping Department
in the Hotel Industry, for the Guest’s Health, Safety
& Comfort.
8.) One of the First Impressions a Guest forms when
he/she walks into a Hotel how clean & well
maintained the surroundings are.
9.) No, Hotel can function without this Department
because it oversees everything from Guest Rooms,
PublicAreas, laundry, linen, Horticulture and Flower
Arrangements.

78. Q4. What are Different Sub-Departments of
Housekeeping Department?
1.) Head Housekeeper.
2.) Deputy Head Housekeeper.
3.) Floor Housekeepers.
4.) PublicArea Supervisor.
5.) Linen & Uniform Supervisor.
6.) Horticulturist.

79. Sub-Departments/Organizational Structure of Housekeeping Department:

80. Q5. What are the DifferentAmenities Provided
by Housekeeping Department?
All the Hotels essentially have a list of
Amenities that they provide to the Guests in
every room however some moreAmenities can
be added to them as per Requirements.

82. Amenities to be provided in all Bedrooms:
Shoe shine kit AM/FM radio
Shoe case Clothes hangers
Stationery Direct company billing
Morning newspaper Selection of books &
journals
Television/Video- recorder Remote control

86. Amenities to be provided in all Bathrooms:
Soaps Hair conditioner
Sewing kit Toothpaste/Toothbrush
Shower cap Hand/Body lotion
Washing line Scent/After shave
Suntan lotion Bath/Shower gel
Hairdryer Make-up tissues
Shampoo Mouthwash

90. Some OtherAmenities:
“Do Not Disturb” card.
Breakfast Menu.
Fire Escape Plan.
Food & Beverage information.
Ashtray, Guidebook, Match box.
Limousine Service.
Health Spa Information.
Laundry Bags & list.
Dry-Cleaning bag & list.
Glasses & Ice Bucket, Bottle Opener.
Mini bar on Request.

96. Conclusion:
This Presentation Emphasizes on
Hospitality but Main Focus is on Housekeeping
Department.
The Presentation Describes Importance,
Responsibilities, Duties & Sub-Departments of
Housekeeping Department.

97. Identification ofAreas of Future
Research:
1.) Types of Hotels.
2.) Types of Hotels in India.
3.) Rules & Regulations of Hotels.
4.) Types of Rooms in Hotels.
5.) Departments & Sub-Departments of
Hotels.

98. The
End

99. Research Proposal & Hypothesis:
Some Related Questions:
Q1. Which are theAir Travel Organizations?
Q2. What are theirAims &Activities?
Q3. What are their Objectives?

100. Q1. Which are the Air Travel Organizations?
International Travel Organizations:
1.) IATA(International Air Transport Association).
2.) UFTAA(United Federation of Travel Agent’s
Association).
3.) PATA(Pacific Asia Travel Association).
4.) ICAO(International Civil Aviation Organization).

101. 1.) International Air Transport
Association(IATA):
The International Air Transport Association
(IATA) is an International Industry Trade Group of
Airlines Headquartered in Montreal, Canada.
IATA
was formed on 19April 1945, in Havana, Cuba.

102. 2.) United Federation of TravelAgent’sAssociation(UFTAA):
United Federation of TravelAgent’sAssociation
created in Rome, Italy, on November 22nd, 1966.
UFTAAwas Originally Founded as a Result of a Merger
of two large World Organizations, FIAV and UOTAA,
recognizing the need to Unify TravelAgencies &
Tour-Operators into One International Federation.

103. 3.) Pacific Asia Travel
Association(PATA):
The Pacific Asia Travel Association (PATA) is a
Membership Association Working to Promote the
Responsible Development of Travel and Tourism in the
Asia Pacific Region.
The Association began in 1951 when Lorrin P.
Thurston, President of two Major Daily Newspapers in
Honolulu, and William J Mullahey of Pan American
Airways set about Organizing the First Pacific Area
Travel Conference with the Aim of Promoting Tourism to
the largely Undiscovered Region of Asia Pacific.

104. 4.) International CivilAviation Organization(ICAO):
The International CivilAviation Organization is a
SpecializedAgency of the United Nations. It Codifies
the Principles & Techniques of InternationalAir
Navigation and Fosters the Planning & Development of
InternationalAir Transport to Ensure Safe & Orderly
Growth.
It’s Headquarters are located in the Quarter
International of Montreal, Canada.

105. Q2. What are theirAims &Activities?
1.) International Air Transport Association
(IATA):
Aims &Activities:
a) To Provide Safe & Secure Transportation
to it’s Passengers.
b) IATAAssigns 3-letter IATAAirport Codes and
2-letter IATAAirline Designators, which are
commonly used Worldwide.
c) IATAalso Assigns IATADelay Codes.

106. 2.) United Federation of TravelAgent’s Associations(UFTAA):
Aims &Activities:
a) To Support TravelAgents in LegalActions to Defend
their Contractual Rights when these are Violated
through the Unilateral Reduction of their
Remuneration.
b) UFTAAwill Support, within it’s Possibilities, in a
Global Perspective, theActions undertaken by
ECTAAwith Respect to the European Union.
c) UFTAAoffers it’s Support &Assistance to
NationalAssociations Implementing it’s
Recommendations.

107. 3.) Pacific Asia Travel Association (PATA):
Aims &Activities:
a) To Express the Unified Voice of the Travel
Industry in Local Communities & Obtain
CombinedAction in Pursuing National & Local
Tourism Policies within the Framework of PATA.
b) To take a Lead Position in Travel Industry Issues
that need to beAddressed.
c) Provide Valuable Insights, Forecasts &Analysis
help Members make Better Business Decisions.

108. 4.) International CivilAviation Organization (ICAO):
Aims & Activities:
a) The ICAO defines the Protocols for Air Accidents
Investigation followed by Transport Safety
Authorities.
b) It Codifies the Principles and Techniques of
International Air Navigation and Fosters the
Planning and Development of International Air
Transport to ensure Safe and Orderly Growth.
c) The ICAO Standardizes Machine-Readable
Passports Worldwide.

109. Q3. What are their Objectives?
1.) InternationalAir TransportAssociation(IATA):
Objectives:
a) To Represent, Lead & Serve theAirline Industry.
b) ToAct as a Price Setting Body for International
Airfare.
c) To Coordinate the Scheduling Process
which Governs theAllocation and Exchange
of Slots at CongestedAirports Worldwide.

110. 2.) United Federation of TravelAgent’sAssociation(UFTAA):
Objectives:
a) To be an International Forum where Matters
Affecting the World Travel Industry areAddressed.
b) To Organize a World Congress of TravelAgents
& other Meetings necessary to the Exchange &
Transmission of Knowledge & Ideas.
c) To Represent the TravelAgent’sActivities before
various World-Wide Bodies, Governmental
Authorities.

111. 3.) Pacific Asia Travel Association(PATA):
Objectives:
a) The PATAFoundation was Established to Develop
Effective Working Relations with Grantees and
Stakeholders and Pursue new Sources of Funding,
with it’s Extensive list of Successful Projects
ensuring it's able to Produce Striking Results.
b) To Promote the Development of Tourism in the
Pacific Asia & Contribute to Conservation of the
Cultural Heritage and Environment of the Region,
to Assist People in Asia Pacific Countries in
Acquiring Tools Necessary for Cultural Heritage &
Environment Protection.

112. 4.) International CivilAviation Organization(ICAO):
Objectives:
a) The ICAO Council Adopts Standards Recommended
Practices
concerning Navigation, it’s Infrastructure, Flight Inspection,
Prevention of unlawful Interference & Facilitation of
Border-Crossing Procedures for International Civil
Aviation.
b) To Enhance Global Civil Aviation Safety/Security.
c) Accurate Investigations of Air Disasters.

113. Conclusion:
This Presentation Emphasizes on Air
Travel Management but Main Focus is on
International Air Travel Organizations.
The Presentation Describes Aims,
Activities & Objectives of International Air Travel
Organizations.

114. Identification ofAreas of Future
Research:
1.) HowAir Travel can be Encouraged.
2.) Conventions on InternationalAir
Travel.
3.) Importance of Genuine Travel
Agencies.
4.) How to Organize International Tours.
5.) How Quality of Services Provided by
TravelAgencies can be Improved or

115. The
End