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Compare yourself to the top
A.N. Raat (Janet)
FOCUS your FUTURE
May 16-17, 2013
PhD-student  Career
 read
 write
 publish
WORK
PhD-student  Career
WORK in a social context
Social Comparison
Festinger, 1954
Social Comparison
Process of thinking about information of
the position and abilities of one or more
others in relation to those of oneself.
Wood, 1996
Social Comparison
Process of thinking about information of
the position and abilities of one or more
others in relation to those of oneself.
Wood, 1996
A.
N.
Ra
at,
FO
CU
S
yo
ur
FU
TU
RE
Social Comparison
goals
motivation
pleasure
Process of thinking about information of
the position and abilities of one or more
others in relation to those of oneself.
selection
Most informative: similar attributed other
Preferred comparison other
during clinical rotations
Preferred comparison other
during clinical rotations
peer students 1 2 3 4 5
residents 1 2 3 4 5
staff 1 2 3 4 5
never always
N 437 t-test
p.001
Raat et al, 2010
(3.64)
(3.40)
(2.84)
p.001
Intermezzo
Process of thinking about information of
the position and abilities of one or more
others in relation to those of oneself.
ambitious
 empathic
 insecure
Social Comparison Orientation
Buunk et al, 2007
Influence of SC
Influence of SC
female
female
female
worse
similar
better
male
worse
similar
better
male
male
worse
similar
better
worse
similar
better
participants
participants
worse similar better
comparison peer
(n=214)
(n=107)
Raat et al, 2012
-0,8
-0,6
-0,4
-0,2
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
Influence of SC
female
female
female
worse
similar
better
male
worse
similar
better
male
male
worse
similar
better
worse
similar
better
participants
participants
worse similar better
comparison peer
(n=214)
(n=107)
Raat et al, 2012
-0,8
-0,6
-0,4
-0,2
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
Influence of SC
female
female
female
worse
similar
better
male
worse
similar
better
male
male
worse
similar
better
worse
similar
better
participants
participants
worse similar better
comparison peer
(n=214)
(n=107)
Raat et al, 2012
-0,8
-0,6
-0,4
-0,2
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
Influence of SC and gender
Influence of SC and same sex
female
female
worse
similar
better
male
male
worse
similar
better
participants
participants
-0,8
-0,6
-0,4
-0,2
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
worse similar better
comparison peer
(n=214)
(n=107)
Influence of SC and opposite sex
female
female
male
worse
similar
better
male
worse
similar
better
participants
participants
worse similar better
comparison peer
(n=214)
(n=107)-0,8
-0,6
-0,4
-0,2
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
SCO
upward positive
Process of comparison: model
Buunk et al, 1997
identification
 endow sense of opportunities
 provide information how to improve
 anticipate on problems / threats
SCO
upward positive
negative
Process of comparison: model
contrast
identification
 discourage
 no benefit
SCO
downward
positive
Process of comparison: model
contrast
 inspiring
 self-confidence
integrity
respect
support
SCO
downward
positive
negative
Process of comparison: model
contrast
identification
 discourage
 lower your standard
SCO
upward
downward
positive
negative
Process of comparison: model
Buunk et al, 1997
contrast
identification
identification
SCO
upward
downward
positive
negative
Process of comparison: model
contrast
identification
identification
SCO
upward
downward
positive
negative
Process of comparison: model
contrast
identification
identification
SCO
upward
downward
positive
negative
contrast
identification
identification
integrity
respect
support
A.
N.
Ra
at,
FO
CU
S
yo
ur
FU
TU
RE
Social Comparison
goals
motivation
pleasure
Process of thinking about information of
the position and abilities of one or more
others in relation to those of oneself.
selection
Social comparison

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Janet Raat 15