Presentation at 3rd GRF One Health Summit 2015 Session Plenary I: One Health and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction

1. One Health in Disaster-related Infectious
Diseases
Haorile Chagan-Yasutan1, Beata Shiratori1, Yugo
Ashino1, Elizabeth Telan2, Tatushiko Kawashima3,
Toshio Hattori1
1 Disaster-related Infectious Disease, IRIDeS; Division of Emerging Infectious
Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
2 National Reference Laboratory-SACCL San Lazaro Hospital, Manila, Philippines
3 Gongova, Japan
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2. Epidemics after disaster
• Water-related Infectious
Diseases
– Vibrio cholerae
– enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
– cholera epidemic
– paratyphoid fever
– Hepatitis A and E
– Leptospirosis
– Melioidosis
• Diseases Associated with
Crowding
– Measles
– Neisseria meningitidis
– Acute respiratory infections (ARI)
• Vector Borne Diseases
– Malaria
– Dengue
– Yellow fever
– Chikungunya
– West Nile
• Other Diseases Associated with
Natural Disasters
– Tetanus
– Coccidiomycosis
– Tuberculosis
2
One Health
in Disaster-related Infectious Diseases

3. After Haiyan @ Tacloban
(Nov. 2014)
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After Nepal Earthquake
(July. 2015)

4. Our research activities and Sendai
Framework
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• Understanding disaster risk
– Global and regional level
• promote and enhance, through international
cooperation, including technology transfer , access to
and the sharing of information,,,
• Understanding disaster risk
– National and local level
• Ensure the use of traditional, indigenous and local
knowledge and practices, to complement scientific
knowledge in disaster-risk assessment and the
development and implement of policies, strategies,,,

5. Introduction of Point of care testing
DNA diagnosis
• LAMP (Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification)
• STH-PAS (single tag hybridization-Printed Array Strip)
Antibody detection
• ICT (ImmunoChromatographic Test)
Biomarker (severity): matricellular proteins
(matricellular proteins are secreted into the extracellular environment,
and would play an essential role for edema in infectious diseases）
• Osteopontin (OPN)
• Galectin-9 (Gal-9)
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6. Collaborative research on Disaster-related Infectious
Disease with San Lazaro Hospital, Philippines
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1 10 100 1000 10000
DF/DHF
tuberculosis
pneumonia
acute gastroenteritis
leptospirosis
others
snakebite
tetanus
varicella
HIV/AIDS
Admittedcase number (2012)

7. Dengue Virus Infection
 Approx 50 -100 million cases of dengue infection worldwide
every year.
 About 2.5 billion people (40%) of the world's population, are
now at risk zone.
 Almost 30% increase of dengue incidence than previous year
– Global warming, Mosquito activities (Aedes
Albopictus ),traveling, diagnostic tools,,,,
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World Distribution of the Aedes albopictus Mosquito

8. 国立感染センター
Infectious Diseases Surveillance Center, Tokyo
Casereports
Year
Increased imported dengue cases by year in Japan
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9. Figure 5. Significant positive c
hemorrhagic patients between inc
galectin-9.
Conclu
Inflammatory Profile
Critical phase Recovery phase
DF
DHF
Galectin-9 in Clinical Phase of DENV Infection
Figure 5. Significant positive correla
hemorrhagic patients between increase
galectin-9.
Conclusion
Acknowledgem
Inflammatory Profile
Significant decrease of plasma levels of galectin-9 in
recovery phase of dengue patients.
Increased Hematocrit (%) &
IL-10
IP-10
IL-1a
Gal-9
MIP-1a
IL-8
IFNg
MCP-1
TNFa
GM-CSF
IFNa2
IL-15
Eotaxin
IL-1RA
MIP-1b
VEGF
EGF
0.01
0.10
1
1
10
100
Foldchanges
atcriticalphase
Critical phase Recovery phase
DF
DHF
Introduction
Materials and Methods Galectin-9 in Clinical Phase of DENV Infection
Galectin-9 is Increased in DENV Infection
Elevated plasma levels of galectin-9 in critical phase o
dengue patients.
Inflammatory Profiles of Dengue Virus Infection
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10. Leptospirosis
Zoonosis of global distribution,
caused by infection with pathogenic
spirochetes of the gene Leptospira
(Gram negative bacteria).
 Rodents are the main reservoir:
rats, farm animals, pets
 Transmission: urine, blood, tissue,
saliva, soil, water
Melioidosis
• caused by the aerobic, gram-
negative bacillus with polar flagella
called Burkholderia pseudomallei
(BP).
• 40% of sepsis-related mortality in
Northeast Thailand
 Transmission: Contaminated water
and soil
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11. BP was detected in 4 of
leptospirosis among 65 patients
Establishment of rapid diagnosis
assay for Melioidosis (LAMP)
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Positive control (gDNA
from
B. pseudomallei 1026b)
DNA from urine
sample# 17, 42, 43,
and 44
Specific Tm
(87-88oC)
Most DNA samples
and non-template
control

12. Sample sol.(～ 5μℓ）
PCR Lateral flow assay
５～10
min.
・PCR amplicon(10～20μℓ）
STH reagent
・tagged Primer
for Bac. A～D
・Eｎzyme
・Buffer
Labeling reagent(10～20μℓ)
Visualized Signal
line
・Bac. D
・Bac. B
・Bac. A
Tag②
Tag④
15～30min.
Tag①
Tag③
Target specific
primer
Position
marker①’
②’
③’
④’
Sample with multiple pathogen
・tagged PCR product
Avidin-coated Blue
Beads
STH : Single-strand Tag Hybridization （
More simple and more precise ｌateral flow ass
Heat denaturation process・・・Unnecessa
・Biotinylated primer
・Bac. C(target
gene )
PAS : Printed Array-Strip
(Patent)
For multiplex lateral flow assay.
Available for any assay
STH-PAS technology for multiplex Pathogen
Detection
Single-strand
Tag

13. Publications
1. Elevated OPN, IP-10, and Neutrophilia in Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Confirmed
Tuberculosis Patients. Beata Shiratori, Susan Leano, Chie Nakajima, Haorile Chagan-Yasutan,
Toshiro Niki, Yugo Ashino, Yasuhiko Suzuki, Elisabeth Telan, and Toshio Hattori. Mediators of
Inflammation,2014, Article ID 513263, 8 pages.
2. Elevated levels of full-length and thrombin-cleaved osteopontin during acute dengue virus
infection are associated with coagulation abnormalities. Haorile Chagan-Yasutan, Talitha Lea
Lacuesta, Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu, Shigeru Oguma, Prisca Susan A. Leano, Elizabeth Freda O. Telan,
Toru Kubo, Kouichi Morita, Toshimitsu Uede, Efren M. Dimaano, Toshio Hattori. Thromb Res.
2014;134(2):449-454.
3. Galectin-9 Plasma Levels Reflect Adverse Hamatological and Immunological Features in Acute
Dengue Virus Infection. Haorile Chagan-Yasutan, Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu, Talitha Lea Lacuestad,
Toru Kubo, Prisca Susan A. Leano, Toshiro Niki, Shigeru Oguma, Kouichi Morita, Glen. M. Chew,
Jason D. Barbour, Elizabeth Freda O. Telan, Mitsuomi Hirashima, Toshio Hattori, Efren M.
Dimaano. J Clin Virol, 2013; 58(4): 635–640.
4. Frequent Detection of Anti-Tubercular -Glycolipid-IgG and –IgA Antibodies in HealthcareWorkers
with Latent Tuberculosis Infection in the Philippines. Umme Ruman Siddiqi, Prisca Susan A.
Leano, Haorile Chagan-Yasutan, Beata Shiratori, Hiroki Saitoh, Yugo Ashino, Yasuhiko Suzuki,
Toshio Hattori and Elizabeth Freda O. Telan. Clinical and Developmental Immunology 2012;
2012:610707.
5. Persistent elevation of plasma osteopontin levels in HIV patients despite highly active
antiretroviral therapy. Haorile Chagan-Yasutan, Hiroki Saitoh, Yugo Ashino, Tomohiro Arikawa,
Mitsuomi Hirashima, Shenwei Li, Motoki Usuzawa, Shigeru Oguma, Elizabeth Freda O.Telan,
Chikwelu Larry Obi, Toshio Hattori. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2009; 218(4):285-92.
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14. Learning of disaster preparedness from
Indigenous people at Ban Huai Hin Lat Nai in
Thailand
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Gongova (Grassroots Overseas NGO
Volunteer Activity Program)
1. Gongova constructed water line ,
shower and toilet by volunteer activity.
2. Yong people in Japan are expected to
experience the natural life.
3. IRIDeS learning their knowledge of
disaster preparedness.
4. IRIDeS give lectures on infectious
diseases and general health.

15. Conclusion
1. Outbreaks of infectious diseases have been prevented
by optimal methods in Tacloban and Nepal.
2. Tropical diseases share the features of disaster-
related infectious disease (DRID).
3. One health concept should be considered to control
the vectors and zoonosis.
4. Development of POC testing is necessary for correct
diagnosis for unknown fever.
5. We should work together with indigenous people to
exchange the traditional and modern knowledges in
one health concept.
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16. Acknowledgments
• Tohoku University
– Iwasaki Hiroko
– Zhao JIngge
– Bindongo Dembele
– Divya D.N
– Firmanto Hanan
– Delsi Taurustiati
– Chen Yue
– Tareg Omer
– Hannah Karen Labayo
• Hokkaido University
– Yasuhiko Suzuki
– Chie Nakajima
• NIID, Japan
– Nobuo Koizumi
• Prince of Songkla University
– Saechan Vannarat
• San Lazaro Hospital
– Susan Leano
– Efren Dimaano
– Talitha Lacuesta
• UP-Manila
– Yasutake Yanagihara
– Nina Gloriani
• Nagasaki Univ.
– Toru Kubo
– Kouichi Morita
• Hawaii University
ー Lishomwa Nhdlovu
ー Glen Chew
• Florida University
ー Apichai Tuanyok
ー Saechan Vannarat
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