Policy and development of agricultural land resource mapping in Indonesia: experiences, achievements and impacts by Muhrizal Sarwani, Markus Anda and Rizatus Shofiyati
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http://www.fao.org/globalsoilpartnership This presentation was made during Regional Conference on the Asian Soil Partnership that took place in Nanjing, China 08-11 Febraury 2012.The presentation was made by Muhrizal Sarwani, Markus Anda and Rizatus Shofiyati, and it presents Policy and Development of Agricultural Land Resource Mapping in Indonesia: Experiences, Achievements and Impacts. ©FAO: http://www.fao.org
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Policy and development of agricultural land resource mapping in Indonesia: experiences, achievements and impacts by Muhrizal Sarwani, Markus Anda and Rizatus Shofiyati
- 2. Content:Content:Content: Goals of Agricultural DevelopmentGoals of Agricultural Development Programs of land resource inventoryPrograms of land resource inventory Soil mapping approachSoil mapping approach Soil inventory achievementSoil inventory achievement Thematic Derivative maps from soil mappingThematic Derivative maps from soil mapping Impact of soil maps on national developmentImpact of soil maps on national development ConclusionsConclusions
- 3. Employs around 42% of the labor force (of 235 million) Employs around 42% of the labor force (of 235 million) Indonesian agriculture contribute to around 14,4% of GDP, dominated by food crops Indonesian agriculture contribute to around 14,4% of GDP, dominated by food crops Palm Oil is produced in Outer Island (Sumatra, Kalimantan) Palm Oil is produced in Outer Island (Sumatra, Kalimantan) Indonesian Agriculture at a GlanceIndonesian Agriculture at a Glance 60% of major food crops (rice, maize, and soybean) being produced in Java 60% of major food crops (rice, maize, and soybean) being produced in Java
- 5. A. Acceleration of land resources inventory & evaluation in Indonesia to support : 1. Agricultural land use planning 2. Commodity zonation 3. Food security & site selection of local food potential for food diversification 4. New paddy field development 5. Sustainable Agricultural Land Management Act & Reforma Agraria PROGRAMPROGRAMME OFME OF LAND RESOURCES LAND RESOURCES IDENTIFIIDENTIFICATIONCATION && AGRICULTURAL LANDUSE PLANNINGAGRICULTURAL LANDUSE PLANNING
- 6. B. Updating land resources mapping, National Agric. Land resources database development & land audit. C. Developing of Intergrated GIS Interactive & Standardization of National Agric. land resources Identification
- 7. Some views of Indonesian landscapesSome views of Indonesian landscapes MerapiMerapi PangrangoPangrango Swampy area,Swampy area, kalbarkalbar
- 8. U S Mt. Tangkuban Perahu Mt. Burangrang Landsat imagery AerialAerial photographphotograph Mt. Merapi - 2003 SPOT imagery RADAR Application Remote sensing technology and Geographic information system on soil mapping in Indonesia
- 9. 20052005--20082008 Landsat ETM 7Landsat ETM 7 IntensiIntensivevelyly usedused:: ReconnaisanceReconnaisance poor farmerpoor farmer AEZAEZ Primary farmPrimary farm Soil & LanduseSoil & Landuse mappingmapping 20082008 -- presentpresent Landsat ETM 7Landsat ETM 7 IntensiIntensivevelyly usedused:: ReconnaisanceReconnaisance Soil & LanduseSoil & Landuse mappingmapping Other land resources mappingOther land resources mapping ExperimentExperiment :: ReconnaisanceReconnaisance JERS, ASTERJERS, ASTER ALOS AVNIRALOS AVNIR--22 Application Remote sensing technology and Geographic information system on soil mapping in Indonesia
- 10. Present achievement for the extent of soil Present achievement for the extent of soil mapping in Indonesiamapping in Indonesia Main Extent Island x1000 ha x1000 ha % x1000 ha % x1000 ha % 1.Sumatera 47,241 47,241 100.0 2,227 4.7 4,056 8.6 2.Jawa, Madura 13,210 13,210 100.0 2,715 20.6 4,401 33.3 3.Nusa Tenggara 7,209 7,209 100.0 12 0.2 1,172 16.3 and Bali 4.Kalimantan 52,890 52,890 100.0 891 1.7 9,072 17.6 5.Sulawesi 18,743 18,743 100.0 1,003 5.4 2,100 11.2 6.Maluku 7,817 7,817 100.0 55 0.7 499 6.4 7.Papua 41,105 4,016 9.8 684 1.7 2,176 5.3 Total Indonesia 188,215 151,126 80.3 7,587 4.0 23,476 12.5 Source: Subagjo (1995), Suwarto et (2000), updating to 2011 (Hikmattulah, 2011) 1:250.000' All areas have been mapped at exploratory scale 1:1 million (Puslitbangnak, 2000) 1:100.000' 1:10.000 + 1:50.000'
- 11. Indonesian Soil Exploratory Map (1:1.000.000) Indonesian Soil Exploratory Map (1:1.000.000) EXPLORATORY SOIL MAP OF INDONESIAKalimantanKalimantan JawaJawa SulawesiSulawesi PapuaPapua SumateraSumatera NTTNTT MalukuMaluku BaliBali LegendLegend
- 12. Forms of Indonesian Soil Map availability (1:50.000 – 250.000) Soil map availability at 1:50.000 to 1:250.000 No data Manual Digital 1:250.000 Digital 1:100.000 Digital 1:50.000 Legend
- 14. Type of Mapping Map scale % 1. Agricultural land use planning 1:1.000.000 - 500.000 100 2. Commodity zoning (Interactive) 1 : 250.000 - 50.000 75 3. Specific Land Suitability 1 : 100.000 - 50.000 3-35 4. Nutrient Status of paddy field especially P and K status 1 : 250.000 - 50.000 85 5. Critical & degradated land etc. 1:250.000 -50.000 5-25 AEZ Map (integration of soil-climate-socio economy) Commodity development recommendation, SUT/US, Agrobusiness & Technology 1:250.000 -50.000 (25-100%) Derivative Maps of Soil MapsDerivative Maps of Soil MapsDerivative Maps of Soil Maps
- 15. POTASIUM MAP AT DISTRIC LEVELPOTASIUM MAP AT DISTRIC LEVEL
- 16. PEAT SOIL MAPPING IN KALIMANTANPEAT SOIL MAPPING IN KALIMANTAN
- 18. Soil Data Base • Observation data: – program SHDE4 (Soil and Horizon data base using DataEase) • Data lab – program SSA3 (Soil Sample Analysis data base) • Definition representative pedon – program SHDE4 • data Mapping Unit – program SHDE4
- 19. Some Profiles of Indonesian soils HistosolHistosolEpiaqueptEpiaquept UltisolUltisol DystrudeptDystrudeptOxisol Buried soil Ash deposit Andisol Andisol Alfisol
- 20. • Provide a basic information for policy makers in designing spatial planning (national, provinces, regencies) • Guidance for government in selecting the area for transmigration • Guidance for government in allocating fertilizer subsidies • Source of soil information for students, researchers, universities and other stakeholders • Provide soil information and associated technologies for state and private companies Impact of soil information on national development Impact of soil information on national Impact of soil information on national developmentdevelopment
- 21. 2/9/2012 Las‐BBSDLP 21 Annual crops in Wetlands Swamp Non swamp Total Dry Land for annual crops Dry Land for Perennial crops TotalMajor Island ………………..…………x 000 ha ……………..……………… Sumatra 355 606 961 1,312 3,227 5,499 Jawa 0 14 14 41 159 214 Bali & NT 0 49 49 138 610 797 Kalimantan 730 666 1,396 3,639 7,272 12,307 Sulawesi 0 423 423 215 601 1,240 Papua 1,893 3,294 5,187 1,689 2,790 9,666 Maluku 0 246 246 50 651 947 Indonesia 2,978 5,298 8,276 7,084 15,310 30,670 The magnitude and distribution of available potential land for agricultural development The magnitude and distribution of available potential land for agricultural development
- 22. PROSPECTIVE OF GSP/GSM Transfer ofTransfer of knowledge,knowledge, technologtechnologyy andand methomethododology (Mapping, GIS, RS)logy (Mapping, GIS, RS) National maps on P, K and C fertility statusNational maps on P, K and C fertility status National maps on peat soilsNational maps on peat soils SharSharee data and fundingdata and funding Capacity buildingCapacity building HHumanuman resourceresource Research facilitiesResearch facilities
- 23. Conclusions All Indonesian areas have been mapped at 1:1.000.000 scale and almost all areas for 1;250.000 . The extent of soil mapping areas decreased with increasing detail in map scales (i.e., from reconnaissance to detail maps) in Indonesia Most of the maps are available in a digital form Aerial photograph and satellite images (e.g. landsat TM, ALOS, RADAR) have been a powerful tool and source of information to be used for mapping of soil information and derivatives' maps Soil mapping in Indonesia have played a key role in providing soil information to policy makers (national, provinces, regencies), private and state companies, research institutions and Universities. GSP/GSM activities are an opportunity to share knowledge, expertise, methodology development and funding among world soil scientists, in order to provide soil information for wise use our natural resources