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1. Sample Essay on Saving EAPLCOMS: A Consultancy
Project
Introduction
Positive change is what Ealplcoms needs. Over the past years, the place shut itself inwards from the
changing world. Rondinelli, et al. (1998) realized that the forces of economic interaction across the
globe in the 21st
century would impact economic growth in cities a great deal. Ealpcoms must
therefore carry out what they failed to do in the past years, interact and turn to the outside world to
grow based on global successes benchmark.
The Most significant trends in urban and economic change which will impact on their city over the
next ten years
Many cities for more, specifically South American cities, for example Rio de Janeiro and San Paulo
in Brazil, have employed new trends for urban and economic growth despite the fact that they still
have a long way to go and that they enjoy significant amount of growth. Eaplcoms should therefore
follow suit.
1 a) Improvement and optimum utilization of
infrastructure
Technology has become the main driver for integrative management and production processes.
According to Rondinelli, et al. (1998), the primary engine of urban economic development has
shifted from one based on mass-production industries and low-skill service jobs to a more
sophisticated technology- and knowledge-based system of production and service” (p. 72).
One of the reasons as to why manufacturing industries for Eaplcoms is due to its refusal to employ
technology in their production processes. Ultimately, production is the connection to the global
marketplace, investors, global benchmarks, sources of ideas and business partners among others.
The government of Brazil for instance has ensured promotion of implementation of technology in
different sectors of the economy. The most significant move is the IBM developed data center in the
city. Up to 30 government agencies are monitored by the command center thus, coordinating work in
different economic sectors including weather forecasts, power supply and transport system among
other related sectors. According to Singer (2012), this “could lay the groundwork for a multi-billion
dollar business” (p.1).
1. b) Investment in Human Capital
Eaplcoms is faced by a dire need for energetic and specialized workforce. With the current staff
aging increasingly, the city must look for ways of utilizing the people around. For one, there are still

2. efforts to get young people (stop them from fleeing by creating job opportunities) and ladies into the
labor force. With a diverse workforce, the organization will realize many benefits (public and private).
Generally, men and women have various strengths. Young people are known to have innovative
minds. Therefore, they have the ideas for present context bearing in mind that they are up to date
with modern trends and concepts. Additionally, young people ensure continuity into the future. As a
result, the city should invest to encourage them to stay. The city nonetheless should additionally
invest in creation of a workforce that is well conversant with modern ideas to facilitate success in the
global marketplace.
Heinrich (2010) recommended the implementation of incentive-compatible policies to help promote
human capital. As a result, the city should invest in education. Learning has become quite significant
in acquisition of skills that contribute to productivity growth and financial mobility (Heinrich 2010).
Eaplcoms through corporate social responsibility in education can create a sufficient human capital
base. The Bolsa Familia program in Brazil for instance offered scholarships to students thus
reducing “out-of-pocket expenditures and opportunity costs for low-income families” (Heinrich 2010,
p. 84) to enhance learning demand. Additionally, the city should cooperate with its institutions of
higher learning and schools to create a curriculum that is up to date.
1. c) Innovation
The marketplace across the globe is highly competitive. It considers being „special‟ to attract the
market way attention from rivals. Innovation is additionally what puts one on top of the game. It is
also all about enhancing the lives of the people and ensuring it is more convenient to do some
things.
Technology implementation in Brazil is part of the country‟s general innovation culture that is
promoted by the government. By implementing the technology is not just enough based on the fact
that it is more on utilizing it just like other innovative resources. The data center in Rio developed by
IBM is a motivated project. The company admitted that while it has developed similar centers in the
past, it was only for single agencies for example (such as police departments).
Therefore, innovation involves different issues including culture and structure; knowledge
management system and ideas by ideal utilization of ICT. This therefore takes into consideration
effective business management elements including flexibility, agility and innovation capacity among
others.
Eaplcoms should start to create a culture of innovation. For instance, the city should create a reward
system that enhances creative ideas from young people.

3. 1. d) Economies of Agglomeration (Creating
Centralized Urban Cores)
Every city has its focal centers of commerce. Economic of agglomeration lies on the fact that even
as a city improves continually, it should focus mainly on its commerce especially in core areas
(Glaeser & Gottlieb 2009). Research studies reveal many benefits of enhanced commercial
development density in urban centers. They provide a wide range of sustainability benefits including
intra and inter sector knowledge spillovers, enhanced specialization, boosting and facilitating
innovation, competition, larger labor markets as well as economies of scale among others.Sao Paulo
for instance has changed from where it was as a minor commercial center in 1890 to the largest
urban agglomeration in Brazil. The country has managed this by becoming industrialization hub in
Brazil. To date, the city contributes up to 50 percent of the country‟s industrial output (Cohen 2003,
p. 23). Maybe Eaplcoms can utilize this history to reinstate its manufacturing power.
Benchmarking the City’s Performance against Its
Competitors in the Global Economy
Luque-Martinez and Munoz-Leiva (2005, cited in Holloway & Wazjer 2008) consider city
benchmarking as “the systematic continuous method that consists of identifying, learning and
implementing the most effective practices and capacities from other cities in order to improve one‟s
own city to improve its action in what it offers” (p.3). Once Eaplcoms has settled for the city‟s or the
country‟s benchmarking, there are three levels it can utilize including policies and processes that
would ensure enhanced performance (Holloway & Wazjer 2008).
In this regard, it should also understand what city-country benchmarking is all about in terms of
projects and policy. The second benchmarking level takes a look at the country‟s/city‟s benchmark
achieved results. Lastly, Eaplcoms decides what to engage in (imitate or improve on) to promote
growth and to compete. In this regard, let us consider how Eaplcoms can learn from tourism and
travel industry in Brazil.
Public Policy, and Processes and Projects
The public policy in Brazil that is applicable in different sectors of the economy has been favorable to
growth. Its public policy is „aligning innovation with strategy‟. The country in other worlds realizes that
being innovative is not just enough. Innovation calls for the right strategies to achieve a positive
result. For instance, the government has implemented technology culture utilizing modern
communication methods to sell itself (that is, an image) as an ideal tourism attraction and enhanced
its business for example in its travel and tourism distribution system.
The country has 10,000 travel agencies and 60 percent of them offer international tickets. With tight
competition in the industry, the agencies struggle to enhance its efficacy as competitive advantage

4. issue. Use on technology in this regard helps to ensure quick and efficient online network. Many
tourists in the country use travel agencies.
There are tourists who purchase tickets online. Brazil also has active and creative agencies known
for its “extensive experience in developing successful domestic brands” (Mariutti 2013, p.13). The
country in 2014, will host the 2014 World Cup to market it even further. The tournament has earned
the international attention even more and this is great for its tourism (especially if the tournament is a
success).
Results
Based on the processes and policy that the government of Brazil has employed, its travel and
tourism industry still enjoys significant growth especially in the past years. Its tourism and travel
industry has for the past years achieved global exposure. This has tapped many investors and
increased the number of tourists.
Today, the country receives about 5 million international tourists annually. The number may appear
small considering that other countries (such as the US, France, among others) receive but it is a
major improvement compared to the past years. Growth in the industry has also impacted other
areas positively for example generation of revenue (foreign income) and job creation.
Projections for instance still show how the industry will generate 8.9 percent of total employment
opportunities (direct and indirect) by 2021 (Mariuti 2013, p. 14).
What Eaplcoms Should Do
Eaplcoms can learn from Brazil. It should not only be creative but it should also utilize its creativity
innovatively and strategically. It should market itself as well as its travel and tourism industry to
attract investors and tourists. As in the case of Brazil, technology can do a lot to enhance this goal.
Even so, Anholt (2007, cited Mariutti, p. 13) writes: “Almost every place on Earth gets the image it
deserves”. The notion is not to copy the country‟s benchmark (Brazil‟s) image but context is a
significant consideration.
Eaplcoms should therefore adopt a customized marketing strategy to create a different identity to
help promote its tourism in the region. For instance, the city has a famous football club in the Europa
League. This is quite essential in generating marketing opportunities.
Conclusion
The situation of Ecalpemos is not hopeless. Even so, understanding new urban and economic
development concepts does not guarantee automatic success. It begins with the true will to
transform the city into a better global context. The management must also create the ideal
framework and mindset to ensure change. It is a matter of culture.

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6. Bibliography
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Cohen, B 2003, “Urban growth in developing countries: a review of current trends and a
caution regarding existing forecasts”, World Development, vol.32, no.1, pp.23-51
Glaeser, EL & Gottlieb, JD 2009, The wealth of cities: agglomeration economies and
spatial equilibrium in the United States, National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper
14806
Heinrich, CJ 2010, Designing incentive-compatible policies to promote human
capital development, The Annual Proceedings of the Wealth and Well-Being of Nations
Holloway, A & Wajzer, C 2008, Improving city performance through
benchmarking, International Cities Town Centers & Communities Society
Mariutti, FG 2013, “The image of Brazil as a tourism destination: an exploration study of
the American market”, International Journal of Business Administration, vol.4, no.1, pp.13-22
Rondinelli, DA, Johnson, Jr. J.H. & Kasarda, JD 1998, “The changing forces of urban
economic development: globalization and city competitiveness in the 21st
century”, Cityscape: A
Journal of Policy Development and Research, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 71-105
Singer, N 2012, I.B.M. Takes „Smarter Cities‟ Concept to Rio de Janeiro, The New York
Times, March 03