Online Workshop through the College of Exploration, January-February, 2008

1. Improving Ocean Literacy By Teaching the Geology of the Great Lakes David P. Lusch , Ph.D., GISP Dept. of Geography Michigan State University Online Workshop through the College of Exploration January-February, 2008

4. 20% of all the freshwater on Earth! Largest: 209,800 km 2 Deepest: 406 m max, 147 m avg Smallest: 82,990 km 2 depth: 244 m max, 86 m avg area: 103,700 km 2 Shallowest: 64 m max, 19 m avg area: 175,800 km 2 depth: 282 m max, 85 m avg area: 193,700 km 2 depth: 229 m max, 59 m avg One lake, surface elev: 176 m

5. Everything yellow, brown, red or black is below sea level! (except in Lake Erie)

6. 191 years 2.6 years Retention Times 6 years 99 years 22 years

9. Rock Types in the Great Lakes Region Michigan Sedimentary Basin Canadian Shield Mid-continent rift

11. The Mid-continent Rift of North America

12. Lower Great Lake Basins

13. Great Lakes Structural Geology

14. Great Lakes Structural Geology

15. Great Lakes Structural Geology Wisconsin Dome Thornton, IL Marblehead Freemont Kelleys Is Pelee Is Toledo

18. Cambrian 500 Ma Equator N X

19. What a difference 20 million years makes! Mississippian 345 Ma Equator N Mississippian 325 Ma Equator N

23. Michigan Sedimentary Basin

25. Niagaran Escarpment Rock Island , Wisconsin

26. Niagaran Escarpment Fayette State Park, Michigan

27. Niagaran Escarpment Bruce Peninsula, Ontario N Dip slope Scarp slope

28. Niagaran Escarpment Hwy 401 Kelso & Hilton Falls Conservation Areas, Ontario

29. Niagaran Escarpment Hwy 401 Niagara Falls Lewiston, NY

30. Bathymetry of the Lake Huron Basin

34. Glacial Lake Stages

35. Glacial Lake Stages Maumee Arkona Ypsilanti Low-Water Phase Whittlesey Warren Grassmere Lundy (Elkton) Early Algonquin Kirkfield Low-Water Phase Main Algonquin Post-Algonquin Stanley and Hough Nippissing Algoma Modern Greatlakean Stade Mackinaw Interstade Twocreekan Interstade Port Bruce Stade Port Huron Stade Glacial Lakes in the Huron and Erie Basins

37. Isostatic rebound evidence Nipissing wave cliff Algonquin 11,000 C 14 yrs 184.4 m Nipissing 4500 C 14 yrs 184.4 m 51.8 m rise in 6500 yrs. Nipissing wave cliff Algonquin wave cliffs

38. The End http://www.rsgis.msu.edu/