Class note sheet

1. The Pre-Civil War South Guided Notes
TN 8.51, 8.52, 8.71, 8.72
Bell Ringer: ___________________________________________________________
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Essential Question: _____________________________________________________
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Expansion to the Deep South
1. What states make up the Deep South?
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2. Contrast the difference between agriculture in the Upper South and the
Deep South.
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2. _______________________________________________________________________
Cotton is King
3. Explain how Europe influenced an increase in cotton production in the
Deep South.
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4. Describe why plantation owners felt the need to use slave labor for cotton
farming.
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Eli Whitney and the Cotton Gin
5. What was the purpose of the cotton gin?
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6. What effect did the cotton gin have on the number of slaves in the South?
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7. Why did it have this effect?

3. _______________________________________________________________________
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The Domestic Slave Trade
8. Describe the domestic slave trade.
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Industry in the South
9. List some reasons why industry never really caught on in the South.
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4. _______________________________________________________________________
10. What type of industry became successful in South Carolina and Georgia?
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11. What type of industry became successful in Alabama?
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Southern Transportation
12. How were goods transported in the South?
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13. Why were towns located along natural waterways?
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14. What effect did the lack of railroads have on the South?
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5. Memphis: The Cotton Capital of the South
15. Why was Memphis considered the “cotton capital of the South?”
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16. Why did farmers send their cotton to Memphis?
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Small Farmers and the Rural Poor
17. Most whites in the South were _____________________________________ farmers
who owned small farms.
18. Explain the difference between small farming and plantation farming.
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6. 19. Some whites were ________________________________________ farmers who
worked on rented land.
20. Describe the rural poor of the South.
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Plantation Owners
21. How did plantation owners measure wealth?
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22. What percentage of slave-owners owned 20 or more slaves in 1860?
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23. Why could changes in cotton prices result in the difference between a
successful or unsuccessful year?

7. _______________________________________________________________________
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24. Some slaves did household chores, while others were
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25. Who was in charge of the day-to-day supervision of slave labor?
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African-American Family Life
26. Why did slaves have their own marriage ceremonies?
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27. Why were extended family members important for enslaved African-
Americans?
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8. African-American Culture
28. Even though most slaves had been born in the U.S. (by 1860), they still
tried to preserve
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29. What connection did African-American music have to slave labor?
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African-American Religion
30. Which two religions were followed by most slaves?
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31. How did slaves express religious beliefs and emotions?
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Slave Codes
32. What were slave codes?

9. _______________________________________________________________________
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33. What were some examples of slave codes?
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Fighting Back
34. What happened during Nat Turner’s Rebellion?
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35. Why were slave revolts rare?
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10. 36. How did slaves resist without rebelling?
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Southern Cities
37. Where did major cities develop in the South?
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38. Who made their home in these cities?
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39. How did Southerners feel about education?
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