PRECONCEPTION CARE
definition
aims
purposes
components
role of midwife
ANTENATAL CARE
definition
goals
schedule for anc
assessment
antenatal preparation
health education
anc exercise
anc diet
prevention from radiation
CULTURAL ASPECTS DURING PREGNANCY
4. It aims at improving their health status
and reducing behavior and individual and
environment factor that contribute to poor
maternal and child health in both the short
and long term .
01
To improve Maternal and
child health, in both the short
and long term.
02
03
AIMS
Oppourtunities to prevent and control
diseases occur at multiple stages of
life; strong public health programmes
that use a life-course perspective from
infancy through childhood and
adolescence to adulthood are
needed.
5. AIMS
04
To improve maternal and child health, it
brings health benefit to adolescents,
women and men, irrespective to their
plan to become parents.
05 To secure optimal health and nutrition
condition in both parents not only
improves the changes of conception but
reduces the possibility of parental death
and many congenital anomalies.
06
To ensure that the women and her
partner are in optimal state of physical
and emotional health at the onset of
pregnancy.
6. AIMS
07
To promote the prenatal health which
include developing positive attitude
about pregnancy, womanhood and
child bearing.
08 To benefit women being treated for
a condition such as sickle cell
anemia, hypertension, heart
disease, diabetic this may cause a
high risk pregnancy
7. .
PURPOSSE
1. Establish lifestyle behaviors to maintain
optimum health.
2. Identify and treat risk (e.g. medical condition,
substance abuse )
3. Conceive a pregnancy without necessary risk
factors.
4. Prepare people psychologically for pregnancy
and the responsibilities to become with
parenthood.
8. WHY PRECONCEPTION CARE?
.
Preconception care has a positive effect on a
range of health outcomes. Among others,
preconception care can:
a. Reduce maternal and child mortality
b. Prevent unintended pregnancies
c. Prevent complication during pregnancy and
delivery
d. Prevent stillbirths, preterm birth and lowbirth
weight
e. Prevent birth defect
f. Prevent neonatal infection
g. Prevent underweight and stunting
h. Prevent vertical transmission of HIV/STIs
i. Lower the risk of some forms of childhood
cancers
10. 6.Plan for intervention to
promote health and
address the risk identified.
8. Provide intensive care
during inter conception period.
1.Identify women of
reproductive age.
5.Encourage each women
and every couple to have a
reproductive life plan.
7. Provide follow up
care.
3.Educate women and
men regarding
preconception health.
2.Screen for risk factor of all
identified women under their
care.
4.Educate and create
awareness in the families
and community about
preconception care.
11.
12. DEFINITION
Planned examination
and observation for the
women from conception
till the birth
Or
Antenatal care refer to
the care that is given to
an expected mother
from time of conception
is confirmed until the
beginning of labor.
13.
14. Check up every four week up to
28 weeks gestation. Every 2
week until 36 weeks of
gestation. Visit each week until
delivery. More frequently visits
may be required if there are
abnormalities or complication or
if danger signs arise during
pregnancy.
15. A
The initial assessment
interview can establish the
trusting relationship between
the doctor and the pregnant
women.
C
Obtaining a basic
for anticipatory
guidance for
pregnancy.
B
Getting information
about the women
physical and
psychological health..
ASSESMENT
16. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
LABORATORY DATA
HISTORY COLLECTION
HEALTH EDUCATION DURING PREGNANCY
During
the first
visit,
-personal and social history
-menstrual history
-current problem with pregnancy
-obstetrical history
-medical and surgical history
-family history
Physical examination is important to:
▪ Detect previously undiagnosed Physical problem that may affect
the pregnancy outcome
▪ Establish baseline level that will guide the treatment of the
expectant mother and fetus throughout pregnancy.
➢ LAB, is performed as: Routine tests Specific tests
➢ Ultrasound is performed to: Estimate the gestational age.
Check amniotic fluid volume Check the position of the placenta.
Detect the multiple pregnancy and congenital malformation. The
position of the baby.
21. BENEFITS FOR EXERCISE:
•REDUCTION IN ACHES AND PAINS
EG. BACKACHES AND CRAMPS
•IMPROVED POSTURE AND BODY AWARENESS.
•REDUCE CONSTIPATION.
•REDUCTION IN MINOR ALIGNMENT OF PREGNANCY.
•AIDS POSTNATAL RECOVERY.
•IMPROVE ABILITY TO COPE WITH LABOUR AND
CHILDBIRTH.
•ENERGY LEVEL WILL BE INCREASED.
•HELPS TO REGAIN THE SHAPE MORE QUICKLY AFTER
DELIVERY.
ANTENATAL
EXERCISES
24. 02
Carbohydrate and fats: intake of
carbohydrate should be sufficient, otherwise
weight gain in pregnancy is poor . diet should
contain essential fatty acids.
Proteins :eat variety of proteins rich foods.
Minerals : calcium, iron, sodium, zinc, iodine
prevents adverse effect in foetus. Calcium
requirement is double so to develop baby
bones .
Folic acid is most important nutrient
prevents neural tube defect.
Fibers should be taken in large amount.
25. PREVENTION FROM
RADIATION
•Nowadays MRI and ultrasound are
used
•If any case radiation has to be used
after first trimester in low dose and
foetus should be well protected.
•The risk of radiation is …
Malignancy
Low IQ , microcephaly , catract, and
cleft palate.
It can be prevented by: proper
shielding app filter , reducing exposure
time.
At last try to avoid radiological
procedure
28. SURROGATE MOTHER
A women who carries the
fetus of the infertile
women’s husband and
then relinquishes the child
to couple for rearing . This
usually done for couple
that has difficulty with
delivering a viable fetus.
29. PREGNANT TEENEGER MARRIED
AND UNMARRIED
Adolescents are at increased risk for
pre term labor and delivery compared to
older women. Babies born to
adolescents mother are more likely to be
low birth weight. Babies born to
adolescents mother are at an increased
risk of prenatal and infant mortality.
30. Prevention:
•abstinence(choosing not to engage in a certain behavior)
•Protected sex (condom use, birth control, IUD, etc)
•Talking to teens about outcomes and risk factor of
pregnancy
•Comprehensive sex education
Sign and symptoms :
•Missing a period
•Nausea and vomiting
•Breast changes ( enlargement, tenderness)
•Urinating more
•Baby movement
On other hand an unmarried pregnant adolescent may be driven away by
her parents and be left with no mean of support.
31. UNWEED MOTHERS
Unmarried mothers are of concern to
people in very many societies partly
because their behavior threatens the
almost universal norms of bearing
children only within a marital relationship
and also BECAUSE THEY POSE A
COMPLEX PROBLEM FOR THE MEDICAL
AND SOCIAL SERVICES. Despite this
concern and the fact that many agencies
both social and medical care for their
needs little of what is known about
unmarried mothers.
32. DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
domestic violence is serious problems on both victim and
member of his/her family especially on children.
Physical effect of violence during pregnancy:
• Insufficient weight gain
•Vaginal/cervical/kidney infection/Uterine infection
•Vaginal bleeding
•Abdominal tenderness
•Hemorrhage
•Complication during pregnancy
•Miscarriage
•Low birth weight
•Rupture membrane
•Abruption placenta
33. PREVENTION
•Improve educational status of the
women and girls.
•Increase the opportunities for
the girls or women.
•Provide sexual education at the
early age to the girls.
•Improving their self esteem and
negotiating skills
•Reduing gender inequality
•Aware the girls and women
about there rights against and
power
•Encourage women to fight
against violent activities.
34. 0
RESEARCH
PRECONCEPTION CARE:
MAXIMIZING THE GAINS FOR
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH.
A new WHO study report shows
that preconception care has a
positive impact on maternal and
child health outcome. A report
provides a foundation for
implementing a package of
promoting, preventive and
curative health interventions
shown to have been effective in
improving maternal and child
health.
35. CONCLUSION
PRECONCEPTION
CARE :
Definition
Aims
Purpose
Why preconception
care
ANTENATAL PREPARATION :
Definition
Goals
schedule of ANC
History and assesment
Counseling/health education
Antenatal exercises
antenatal diet
Prevention from radiation
CULTURAL ASPECTS OF PREGNACY :
Reasons for single mother
Surrogate mothers
Unweed mother
unmarried or married teenager mother
Domestic violent
