The importance of qualities i.e. gunas are described here. This helps in understanding padharth Vidnyan ( a subject in ayurveda).

1. - BY BHAVESH YOGESHWAR
PATIL,
1ST PHASE BAMS,
RGESAMC&H, RON
GUIDED BY- Dr. B.B. KATARKI,
DEPUTY
SUPERINTENDENT,
RGESAMC&H, RON

2.  गुण प्राधान्यता
 Classification of guna
 Importance of शब्दादी गुण
 Importance of गुर्ाादी गुण
 Importance of बुद्धि प्रयत्नान्त गुण
 Importance of परादी गुण

3.  Dravya are primary or basic while the attributes are secondary (gauna) so they
are called as guna.
 Even then guna’s are praised in every sphere of life.
 In the chikitsa ,dravyas are used which acts on the body and the mind.
 They act through their rasa, guna, virya, vipaka & prabhava.
 Among them guna is supreme due to following reasons ,
1.Rasabhibhava – due to defeating of rasa.
-eg. Tikta rasa aggrevates vata but brahat pancamoola being
even bitter in rasa decreases vata due to its ushna guna
- thus the guna’s defeat the action of rasa.

4. 2.Sankhya Bahulyat – Rasa are 6 in number , vipaka-3, virya-2 in number but the
karmanya / sharira guna’s are 20 in number .
-Hence gunas are superior.
3.Being cause in Vipaka – the action of rasa are based on vipaka & guna effect it.
-The superiority or the inferiority of various vipsks & can
be determined on the basis of various properties of drugs.
-it shows vipaka is dependent on guna.
4. Karma Bahulata – Being more in number & even associated with rasa, guna’s do
multiple actions.
-Hence they are superior.
5. Vishaya Bahulata – the objects of guna i.e. karya dravya are numerous therefore
gunas are superior
Vipaka Attributes
Laghu Laghu, ruksha, tikshna, visada
Guru Sita, snighdha, guru

5. 6. Updesa – in the ayurvedic texts the qualities of drugs are mainly & primarily
described.
-Hence guna’s are superior.
7. Prayoga Bahulya – depending on the attributes dravya are utilised in so many
ways in chikitsa.
-eg. Because of snighdha & Sneha abhyanga is performed.
- the Adrava Bhuta Chikitsa is also given based on attributes.
- Eg. To reduce heavyuness & obesity vyama is suggested
which produces laghutva.
8. Rasa Anugraha – Increasing of rasa & karma is based on guna only.
-eg. Due to shita, snighdha, Madhura & picchila attributes &
laghu vipaka ghrta is supreme in the Madhura rasa drugs.
9. Anumana – The cause isn inferred by action & the qualities of shita & ushna are
the base of the inference of the action of dravya.

6. • As per Ayurveda गुण are 41 in number.
• साराााः गुर्ाादयो बुद्धिाः प्रयत्नान्तााः परादयाः।
गुणाः प्रोक्ता .......। [च. सु.]

7.  GUNA ALONG WITH THEIR OBJECTS IS SARTH GUNA.
 VERY IMPORTANT IN THE EXAMINATION OF HINA, AATI AND MITHYA
YOGA OF पंचज्ञानेद्धिय WHICH CAUSES VYADHI OF ज्ञानेद्धिय.
 Eg.
Sr. No. Guna ज्ञानेन्द्रिय Required Clinical Importance
1 SHABDHA श्रोत्रेद्धिय 1.Hearing normal and abnormal heart, bowel, etc sounds.
2. Shabdha asahishnuta in rasa kshaya.
2 SPARSHA त्वगेद्धिय 1.Palpation of body parts.
2.Assessment of body temp.
3.Swapnam katya in meda kshaya.
3 RUPA चक्षु Assessment by observing colour and complexion of patient.
Eg. Jaundice, anaemia, Prabha hani [ in pitta kshaya]
4 RASA रसनेद्धिय Complaints of bitter taste in mouth[in jwara] by patients
5 GANDHA नासा 1.Foul smell of body in sweda vriddhi.
2.Badbreath in tooth decay or gum disorder.

8.  CALLED AS SHARIR GUNA / KARMANYA GUNA BECAUSE THEY ARE
FOUND IN AAHAR, AUSHADH & DHATUS OF BODY.
 THE BALANCE OF THE DOSHA, DHATU, ETC IS MAINTAINED BY
SAMANYA AND VISHESH GUNA YUKTA AAHAR AND VIHAAR.
 Eg. - Sr. No. CONDITION GUNA REQUIRED TO
CURE
1 JWARA SHITA DRAVRA
2 OILY SKIN RUKSHA DRAVYA
3 DRY SKIN SNIGDHA DRAVYA
4 SHITA RITU USHNA DRAVYA

9.  CHARAKA HAS DESCRIBED ABOUT SADVRITTA IN HIS SUTRASTHANA
AND AACHAR RASAYANA IN HIS CHIKITSASTHANA.
 PRACTISING SADVRITTA AND CONSUMPTION OF AACHAR RASAYANA
KEEPS ONE FIT PHYSICALLY AS WELL AS MENTALLY.
 THE CAUSES OF DISEASES ACC. TO AYURVEDAARE PRADNYAAPARADHA
AND असात्म्य इद्धियारा संयोग WHICH CAN BE CURED BY SADVRITTA AND
AACHAR RASAYANA.
 Eg. Sr. no. Condition गुण
1 Shabdha asahishnuta in rasa kshaya द्वेष
2 Ushna kamitva in vata vriddhi इच्छा
3 Shishira preeti in rakta kshaya इच्छा

10.  ASSOCIATED WITH QUALITIES OF TREATMENT SO THEY ARE ALSO K/A
चचचित्सोपयोगी गुण.
 AS PER AYURVEDA THEY ARE GENERAL ATTRIBUTES OF DRUGS USED IN
PROCESSING, PRESCRIPTION, ETC.
 WITHOUT THE KNOWLEDGE OF THESE GUNA A PHYSICIAN’S
TREATMENT WILL FAIL.

11. Sr. no. Guna Clinical Applicability
1 Paratva Gives best choice of desha, virya, vipaka,etc for the success of treatment
2 Aparatva These qualities refers to apradhana dravya for health theyb are apatya
3 Yukti In nidana and baishyajya Kalpana planning is necessary for the success of
treatment
4 Sankhya Gives idea of the no. of dushyas’ involved in a vyadhi (eg. Samsarga, sannipata)
5 Samyoga 1.Samyoga of different drugs to cure a vyadhi
2.Sanyog of dosha causing vyadhi
6 Vibhaga Separation of unwanted principle or diseased principles is known
7 Prithaktv
a
Gives knowledge of differential diagnosis and treatment
8 Parimana Helps in planning the required dosage of a drug based on the parimaan of
vitiation
9 Samskara Helps to add or remove the desired and undesired quality in a drug
10 Abhyasa Doing something regularly to preserve health or to get cured.
Eg. 1. In pakshaghata regular exercise i.e. physiotherapy is pathya to cure
it.
Eg.