The research paper showcases the efficiency and reliability of the prototype developed for Danson Lighting Pvt. Ltd. The Lighting Automation is achieved through the use of ZigBee for communication.

1. Lighting Automation
A Web Based Approach
Pranav Navandar,Apoorva Chandra,Sachin Raka
Department of Computer Engineering,
Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering,
Pune, India
pranavandar02@gmail.com,
apoorva.chandra@yahoo.in,
sachinraka@gmail.com
Prof. Sheetal Dabhade
Assistant Professor
Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering,
Pune, India
svdabhade@sinhgad.edu
Abstract- The concept aims to build a Web-based Lighting
Automation System and hardware interface. The main objective
is to communicate between Web and Interface and further send
data to other module using interface. The concept focuses on the
use of Web based application as well as and user software
application to control and manipulate the lighting appliance at
the specific locations.
Keywords—ZigBee, Graphical User Interface, Hyper text
Markup Language, Hypertext Pre Processor, Cascaded Style
Sheet, Co-ordinate Color Temperature.
I. INTRODUCTION
The evolving technology of the modern age has made
it necessary to control the existing technologies efficiently
and comfortably. The consumers expect the development of
products that are easy to use and are efficient and which can
be bought at the lowest possible cost from the industry. The
daily difficulties related to lighting automation faced by
people ranging from industry professionals to modern day
housewives have inspired this project.
The concept aims at controlling lighting appliances
ranging from industries to sub-urban homes using a web
based application at the front end complemented by a end
user application developed for the aimed location. The
concept features on controlling of lighting appliances in
groups as well as individually. The color and intensity of
the lights can also be changed. The quick access feature is
provided by the predefined and user definable presets. The
other features include scheduling options, obtaining live
feedback, receiving notifications and maintenance pop-ups,
bill estimation, power consumption.
II. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
For better understanding the system architecture has
been divided into 3 parts namely the web based part, the
software part and the hardware part.
Fig. 1
Fig.1 depicts the system architecture while the
working of the different parts is as follows:
The web based part:
In this part the functionality provided to the user
incorporating the web-services is present. The webpage will
give the user options like scheduling, changing color and
intensity, grouping etc. The website has been developed using
HTML 5 which is the latest industry standard. The login for
the page incorporates PHP script, which improves the security.
The changes made by the user to his particular account will be
reflected in the database. For the creation and manipulation of
databases MySql will be used. To make the website look
better jQuery scripts have been used along with Cascaded
Style Sheets (CSS). The user will login which will open a
variety of options for the user to manipulate. The user can
select the tab provided for a particular option to make
changes. The user can group a number of lighting appliances
as he wishes and these changes will be modified in the
database. Similarly the user can schedule the lights to go
on/off using the calendar tab provided where he has to select a
date when he wants his system to be completely on/off. The
color and intensity of the lighting appliances can be changed
using the intensity and color tab. All these changes will be
reflected in the database. This database will be maintained at a
secure server so that the company can also track the usage and
suggest any changes or discrepancies if any. The server
software will be Apache server, which is also an industry
standard and is used extensively on various platforms.
The web-based part will also contain the ‘admin’ login for
the administrator to look after the system. The admin login id

2. and password will be different than that of the user and will
contain additional features as compared to that of the user id
as the admin can control and manipulate the entire system.
The admin can monitor user activity and can provide
maintenance. The admin and add and delete the appliance
according to the users need.
The Software part:
In this the software will communicate with the hardware. It
is somewhat like an interface between the website and the
hardware. The user commands need to translate into ZigBee
recognized codes. The GUI for the software will be developed
using Visual Basic (VB), which is also an industry leading
standard. The basic coding for the ZigBee will be done using
breakthrough code. Obtaining values from the micro-
controller for each of the order given by the user through the
software will be in binary form, which then will be transferred
to the database for further processing. The login form will
contain functionalities for user and admin login. After
selecting the type of login the respective form will be loaded
which will provide the respective functionalities depending on
the type of login. The user can directly access the
functionalities like grouping, color and intensity options etc.
The admin at the other end has to select which user he wants
to manipulate and then he has access to all the functions that
the user has and also the maintenance options.
The admin part of the software will have a graphical image
of a room in which he an option to add appliances directly at
the socket in the room as the image will show the socket
positions. This will give the admin a simpler and easy to add
and remove appliance in a particular working place. Similarly
the user will also have a graphical image to control the
appliance rather than selecting the appliance from a list box or
a drop down box.
The software will be connected a database of which we
will be using to store the data of all the appliances similar in
way we will be doing it in the web-based application. The
database will store the number of appliances, the working
place data, the MAC addresses of all the appliances for the
controlling. It will also save the current status of the appliance
as well as the groups, presets and the calendar data into it. The
User’s profile will also be saved on the database and login
details of user as well as of the admin.
The Hardware part:
The hardware components will basically incorporate the
following:
1. ZigBee Transmitter
2. ZigBee Receiver
3. Appliances
4. Development Board
5. Micro-controller
The ZigBee works on RF(radio frequency) and hence can
communicate wirelessly. The ZigBee is a low cost, low power,
wireless mesh network standard. The low cost allows to be
widely deployed in automation applications. Lower power
usage allows longer life. Mesh networking provides high
reliability and more extensive range. ZigBee builds upon the
physical layer and media access control defined in IEEE
standard 802.15.4 for low rate WPAN’s. The specification
goes on to the complete standard by adding 4 main
components namely, network layer, application layer, ZigBee
device objects and manufacturer defined application objects
which allow customization and favor total integration.
The user will send the information, which will include
the changes he wants to make using the web-based part and
then this information will be stored at server will further
forward this information to the end user machine where the
software part will play its role. It will act as in interface and
for this information to the ZigBee controller in ZigBee
recognizable format. The ZigBee controller in turn will
communicate with the ZigBee modules. At this point of time
the micro-controllers will come into effect, as they are
required to encode as well as decode the information sent and
received. All this communication will be bi-directional and
will make it easier and better as well as efficient.
Fig. 2
Fig.2 depicts the ZigBee cluster interacting with
other system components.
As shown in fig.2 the dotted bi-directional lines
denote a wireless connection while the solid bi-directional
lines denote wired connections. Blocks M1, M2, M3, M4, M5,
denote the ZigBee modules. The block µC denoted the micro-
controller ATmega16. The block M1 acts as a ZigBee
controller, which is an interface for sending and receiving data
between the micro-controller and the other ZigBee modules.
The other ZigBee modules mark the end appliances.
All the ZigBee modules are to be function set in
ZigBee ROUTER/END DEVICE AT mode and the
parameters to be set are PAN ID which must be same for all
the ZigBee modules in the network, Destination Address Low
which must be set to 0 for router mode and Baud Rate which
must be same for all the modules in the network, for example,
9600.
The ZigBee modules to be used will be Digi
International XBEE series 2 OEM RF modules.

3. III. SYSTEM FEATURES
The system features of the project cover a vast control
operation, which incorporates the controls and manipulation
techniques like grouping, scheduling, bill estimation etc.
Grouping
1. The functionality of this feature is to group together
the different lighting appliances as the user wishes to
group.
2. The user can group the lighting appliances and form
different presets; also the default presets will be
provided that the user can configure as he wishes.
Color and Intensity
1. The user can change the color and intensity of the
lighting appliances that are grouped together or
individual lighting appliance.
2. The user can also make a preset of his color and
intensity preferences given earlier.
Scheduling Options
1. The user can schedule the application to do a certain
task at a particular date and time.
2. Calendar and timer options are to be provided.
ZigBee Interface and Module
1. ZigBee Technology enables the system to be
operated wirelessly.
2. ZigBee is efficient for communicating with other
ZigBee modules and the mac address of each ZigBee
module can be used as an entry in the database for
each lighting appliance.
Live Feedback
1. This feature enables the estimation of current
electricity consumption.
2. This also will help in calculation of estimated bill.
Maintenance Pop-ups
1. This feature alerts the user for any possible
maintenance issues that might occur in the future.
2. This feature will also alert the administrators so that
they are ready with new appliance if replacement is
required.
Web based application
1. This feature makes it possible for the user to control
the lighting appliances using the web page as well as
from the end user application that will be installed at
the location of the appliances.
2. The application being web based enables the user to
control every appliance from anywhere using a
computer with an Internet connection.
Efficient ZigBee
1. ZigBee reduces our power consumption, as it is
energy efficient.
2. ZigBee is also compact in design reduces our space
requirement.
RGB Model
1. The RGB Model gives us a varied choice of colors,
which the user can have, in his place.
2. Hue saturation gives customer another versatile
means to change colors.
IV. PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
Fig. 3
Fig.3 depicts the GUI of the software being implemented
at the user end.
The tree view shows various lighting appliances being
installed at user end and sorted according to the floor number
and room number. The grid view shows the status of the
appliances, the color values, the intensity, the group-id, the
group status, the CCT value, the floor number and the room
number. The control panel on the right is used to change the
values of CCT, to change the status of the selected appliance,
and the color values. The buttons at the bottom are used to
configure the hardware part and perform operations like
selecting a layout of the room, adding an appliance, deleting
an appliance, and adding an appliance to a group.
V. ENHANCEMNETS
This type of automation system is mainly used for home
automation systems. Its future scope also involves controlling
robo-arms or octo-copters. It can be used in factories where
high load requirement is not present. It can be used for
communication where a bit of noise disturbance is tolerable,
as the ZigBee devices being used are not totally immune to
noise. This project can also be further developed for mobile
platforms so as to achieve greater mobility.
The future scope of the project can also be extended to
control each and every home appliance, which may include
fans, air conditioners, or even kitchen appliances.
VI. Conclusion
This paper has shown the ability of technology to help to
communicate between Web-based Lighting Automation
System and hardware interface for the same.

4. It has also investigated how the innovative use of existing
technologies can benefit sub-urban homes, industrial,
residential areas, and commercial fields.
It has also provided a valuable insight into designing
human computer interfaces for different audiences.
VII. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We take this opportunity to express our sincere gratitude to
all the people who have contributed towards the successful
completion of our project. We would like to extend our deepest
and heartfelt gratitude to our project guide Prof. Mrs. S.V.
Dabhade and acknowledge her able guidance and constant
encouragement, which went a long way ensuring our success.
We sincerely acknowledge the invaluable support and guidance
extended to us by Prof. P.N. Mahalle, Head of Computer
Engineering Department for nurturing a congenial yet
competitive environment in the department.
VIII. REFERENCES
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