Regeneration and growth of Lodgepole Pine stands Following Mountain Pine Beetle Attack in Central British Columbia

1. Regeneration and growth of Lodgepole Pine stands Following Mountain Pine Beetle Attack in Central British Columbia Mixedwood Ecology and Management Program (UNBC) | Amalesh Dhar, Nicole Balliet, Chris Hawkins 07/23/10 Amalesh Dhar, Nicole Balliet, Chris Hawkins Mixedwood Ecology and Management Program University of Northern British Columbia, BC

3. Mixedwood Ecology and Management Program (UNBC) | Amalesh Dhar, Nicole Balliet, Chris Hawkins 07/23/10 MPB infestation in BC : 2003-2013 Routledge 2004

4. Mixedwood Ecology and Management Program (UNBC) | Amalesh Dhar, Nicole Balliet, Chris Hawkins 07/23/10 Loss of mature pine in BC during the year of 1999 to 2013 Hawkins 2006 Mountain pine beetle infestation and projection (Hawkins 2010) Projected: 80%/ 70% of mature pine killed by 2013/2017

5. Mixedwood Ecology and Management Program (UNBC) | Amalesh Dhar, Nicole Balliet, Chris Hawkins 07/23/10 Change in the landscape

6. Mixedwood Ecology and Management Program (UNBC) | Amalesh Dhar, Nicole Balliet, Chris Hawkins 07/23/10 Reasons for regeneration study Regeneration and rates of growth (release) in MPB attacked stands are important because: - forecasting the long-term prospects of these stands - selecting stands for silvicultural treatments to improve yield - forecasting impacts to hydrology, habitat, and vegetation types

7. Mixedwood Ecology and Management Program (UNBC) | Amalesh Dhar, Nicole Balliet, Chris Hawkins 07/23/10 Factors affecting regeneration Factors affecting the growth and development of regeneration after MPB outbreak: - overstory structure - moisture content of the soil - availability of seedbed substrates - dominancy of mosses on forest floor - proximity and abundance of parent seed trees NB: further investigations on factors influencing the establishment of regeneration are required as different research findings found different results (Dhar and Hawkins , submitted)

8. Mixedwood Ecology and Management Program (UNBC) | Amalesh Dhar, Nicole Balliet, Chris Hawkins 07/23/10 Regenerative species composition in MPB attack stands The most common shade tolerant species The most common shade intolerant species 1) Lodgepole pine (( Pinus contorta Dougl. Ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) 2) Trembling aspen ( Populus tremuloides Michx.), or 3) Paper birch ( Betula papyrifera Marsh) 1) Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirbel] Franco), 2) Hybrid spruce ( Picea glauca (Moench) Voss x P. englemanii Parry) 3) Subalpine fir ( Abies lasiocarpa [Hook.] Nutt.)

9. Mixedwood Ecology and Management Program (UNBC) | Amalesh Dhar, Nicole Balliet, Chris Hawkins 07/23/10 Regeneration density and distribution Recent investigations on regeneration and their basic attributes for MPB attacked stands in BC Geographic Area and BEC No. of Samples Age sampled Density Distribution Data holder Northern Interior 35 - low patchy Coates 2008 Flathead area, 22 70 low patchy Pantage Creek (SBS dw2) 12 28 high wide Statland 2008 Takysie Lake (SBS dk) 15 79 high wide SBSdw3, SBSmc3,SBSdk 50 - high - Delong et al. 2008 IDF, SBPS and SBS zone 56 - high - Zumrawi et.al. 2008 MSxk2, MSdm3, IDFdk1, IDFdk2 167 - moderate clumpy Vyse 2008 MS , Merritt 28 - high clumpy Nigh et al. 2006 Lakes TSA, SBSdk 302 100+ low sparse Rakochy 2005 SBS 6 subzones, 525 60-250 low variable Balliet et al. submitted SBSdk, SBSmc, SBSdw, SBSmc 500 80 variable - Burton & Brooks 2008

10. Mixedwood Ecology and Management Program (UNBC) | Amalesh Dhar, Nicole Balliet, Chris Hawkins 07/23/10 Regeneration density in different investigations St-1= Burton and Brooks (2007); St-2= Coates et al. (2006); St-3= Nigh et al. (2008); St-4= Balliet et al. (submitted); St-5= Vyse et al. (2009); St-6= Burton (2006) Investigations Abundance of regeneration reported in different investigation

11. Mixedwood Ecology and Management Program (UNBC) | Amalesh Dhar, Nicole Balliet, Chris Hawkins 07/23/10 Regeneration distribution in different investigations Regeneration study Statland (2008) Regeneration study Hawkes (2008) Regeneration study Vyse(2008) Regeneration study Hawkins (2006) Regeneration study Hawkins (2006) Regeneration study Vyse (2008)

13. Mixedwood Ecology and Management Program (UNBC) | Amalesh Dhar, Nicole Balliet, Chris Hawkins 07/23/10 Change of MPB attacked forest in 25 years time Hawkes 2008 1983 2008

17. Mixedwood Ecology and Management Program (UNBC) | Amalesh Dhar, Nicole Balliet, Chris Hawkins 07/23/10 Acknowledgements For financial support: FSP project G095048 The authors would like to thanks all participants, who shared their presentations during the workshop, and the field tour discussion groups Amalesh Dhar, Mixedwood Ecology and Management Program University of Northern British Columbia 3333 University Way Prince George, BC, Canada V2N 4Z9 Email: dhar@unbc.ca Phone: +1-250-960-5778

18. Mixedwood Ecology and Management Program (UNBC) | Amalesh Dhar, Nicole Balliet, Chris Hawkins 07/23/10 Thank you