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Semelhante a Personal and shared knowledge
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Personal and shared knowledge
- 1. TOK: A Narrative Theory of Knowledge – a narrative 1. We can think of knowledge as simplified map of reality 2. We use knowledge to solve problems (even internal ones) 3. Knowledge can take many forms depending on the problem it is designed to solve 4. We can make a distinction between shared and personal knowledge 5. Most knowledge is shared knowledge 6. Much of this shared knowledge is organised into areas of knowledge 7. In order to examine these areas of knowledge, here is the knowledge framework. The framework specifies: scope, applications, concepts, methods, history; and the contributions of individuals 8. Within this framework, ways of knowing occupy a part in some of the sub-sections these can be useful in analyzing personal knowledge ToK studies how knowledge is produced and how it is able to solve the problems that it was designed to solve. It deals in second order questions – questions about knowledge rather than questions within a particular area of knowledge. These questions are called Knowledge Questions.
- 2. MAPS AS REPRESENTATIONS OF KNOWLEDGE “The Map is Not the Territory”
- 3. What types of Maps? • Geographical • Political • Socio-Economic • Topographic • Subway • Locators in Malls • City Maps
- 4. Knowledge is a Simplified Representation of a Complex World • Complex Real World • Simplified Representation • TOK Knowledge Questions
- 5. Is there knowledge that mankind has lost?
- 6. Consider . . . Musical Instruments: Greek Aulos Ancient Stained Glass Windows like this of Notre Dame
- 7. Consider . . . Architecture: Roman Cement Languages: Meroitic (a Nubian language that is as yet untranslatable)
- 8. Consider . . The lost plays of Euripides About 80% have been lost Right: A vellum codex fragment from the 4th and 5th centuries AD from his play Medea (source: Wikipedia)
- 9. What evidence do we have that this knowledge once existed? • Existing artifacts/constructions • Illustrations • References in existing texts
- 10. What made this knowledge vulnerable to loss? • Overly specified • Loss of peoples • Loss of need
- 11. What characteristics does comparable surviving knowledge share?
- 12. Six Conditions for Shared Knowledge 1. There are shared problems that motivate the production of shared knowledge and an incentive for sharing the knowledge at all. 2. The required knowledge exists in a form that CAN be transported over distance (and time) 3. There are technologies that can TRANSPORT the knowledge over distance and time 4. There are shared concepts and conventions that allow knowledge PRODUCED in one place to be UNDERSTOOD in another 5. There are shared METHODS for PRODUCING this shared knowledge 6. There is some element of shared HISTORY that allows this knowledge to have a shared significance
- 13. Possible Groups for Shared Knowledge Family groups Religious groups Groups associated with particular academic fields such as mathematicians Groups associated with particular views within an academic field such as neo-classical economists Groups sharing a particular culture Groups sharing particular artistic knowledge such as sculptors Groups sharing particular interests such as fishing Political groups National groups Ethnic groups
- 14. Personal and Shared Knowledge• SHARED KNOWLEDGE • Knowledge that CAN be shared survives • PURELY PERSONAL KNOWLEDGE • Knowledge that cannot be shared (or is not shared for some reason)
- 15. Will Gadd: Ice Climber Niagara Falls
- 16. Questions to Consider: • What does Will Gadd know that you and I do not know? • Do you think his experiences of the water and its pounding, etc, count as knowledge? • Where does this knowledge come from?
- 17. Interview with Will Gadd
- 18. Some Examples of Personal Knowledge • Skills and abilities I gain through practice and habit (sports, music, art, crafts, languages, etc) • Knowledge of/about myself, including my emotions • Knowledge about world around gained via experience • Internal maps of practiced “sensing,” e.g. expert wine tasters or tea-tasters, judges at competitions • Knowledge that could be shared but isn’t for good reasons (e.g. Antonio Stradivari keeps his secret to protect his violin-business)
- 19. Characteristics of Shared Knowledge • Impersonal • Shared Criteria for Evaluation • Systematic • Map like or Model like • Collective Endeavor • Self Checking • Strongly Language Based • Propositional Knowledge • Global (not local to one person) • Can be analyzed using the Knowledge Framework • Produces group perspective
- 20. Characteristics of Personal Knowledge • Knowledge by direct “experience” • Knowing how it “feels” • Knowledge of self • Personal reflection is an important part • CAN be map like but may be more story like (narrative) • Experiential or Procedural knowledge • Less reliant on language • Local to person (not global) • Difficult to truly communicate to others • Uses the Ways of Knowing • Produces Personal Perspective
Notas do Editor
- Roman Cement (used by Greeks and Romans) is much more effective at withstanding weathering and aging (like 2,000 plus years) whereas modern cement (Portland Cement) is lucky to last 50 years. Scientists have only recently figured out the secrets (as in 2013) and it is a much “greener” technology. Meroitic (also known as Kushitic): has been deciphered but it is impossible to translate into any meaning
- 15 min. long but could only watch the first 7 minutes or so to consider the following questions: What kind of knowledge is Gadd referring to at beginning? What are the consequences if he puts his knowledge to the test and gets it wrong? What WOKs does Gadd refer to with his “imprint” and even later? Could we have have the same? How could/might Gadd share his knowledge with the rest of the world? What is the relationship between shared and personal knowledge?