Acculturation Theory: Nativization/ Denativization Theory. It discusses the roles of the two theories in learning a second language, socio-cultural, and affective factors in language teaching/learning, and differentiates the terms nativization from denativization by highlighting their advantages and disadvantages.

1. Theories of Second
Language Acquisition
Prepared by: AIZA BHEAL M. KITANI, LPT, MAENGL.

2. Accommodation Theory

3. Objectives
• At the end of the lesson, students are expected to:
• Discuss and determine the application and
implications of the theory to language learning
and teaching.
• Explain the definition of the terms, upward
convergence and downward divergence.
• Differentiate accommodation theory from
acculturation theory in terms of second
language acquisition.
• Explain the role of motivation in SLA according
to the theory.

4. Description of
the Theory-
Howard Giles
Communication accommodation is a
communication theory which
emphasis the adjustments that
people does while communicating.
The theory was evolved from speech
adjustment theory, which
demonstrates the value of
psychological concepts to
understand the dynamics of speech.

5. • Communication
accommodation theory
elaborates the human
tendency to adjust their
behavior while interacting.
Description of the
Theory-Howard Giles,

6. Two Types of
Accommodation
process
Convergence– convergence is a
process where people tend to adapt
the other person’s communication
characteristics to reduce the social
differences
Divergence-the process contradicts
the method of adaptation and in this
context the individual emphasise is on
the social difference and nonverbal
differences between the interactants.

7. Four major assumptions
While communicating there will be similarity and difference in
the speech and behavior.
A conversation is evaluated by understanding the perception of
the speech and behavior of the other.

8. Four major
assumptions
The social status and
belonging is determined by
language and behaviors.
Norms guide the
accommodation process
which varies in the degree
of appropriateness.

9. The Discourse
Theory

10. Definitions
conversation or text
collection of texts or conversations
a shared way of talking or creating
texts (code)
codes, languages, ways of speaking
of a topic

11. Main Principles of the Discourse Theory

12. Main Principles of the Discourse Theory
SLA (Second Language
Acquisition) follows a
natural route in
syntactical
development.
Native speakers adjust
their speech in order to
negotiate meaning with
non-native speakers.

13. Main Principles
of the Discourse
Theory
• Conversational strategies used to
negotiate meaning, and the resulting
adjusted input influence SLA in a
number of ways:
• The frequency of syntactic forms in
the speech influences that language
forms he produces.
• The L2 learner acquires commonly
occurring formulas and then later
analyzes these into their component
parts.
• The learner is helped to construct
sentences vertically.

14. Main Principles of the Discourse
Theory
• The Natural route is the result of learning how to
hold conversations.
• Hatch suggest that interaction determines the
route of SLA.

15. Conversation-A
Mode of
Discourse

16. Conversation-
A Mode of
Discourse
Conversation are excellent
examples of the interactive and
interpersonal nature of
communication.

17. Conversation- A Mode of
Discourse
• What are the rules that govern our conversations?
How do we get someone’s attention? How do we
initiate topics?
• These questions form an area of linguistic
competence that every adult native speaker of
a language possesses, yet few foreign language
curricula traditionally deal with these important
aspects of communicative competence.

18. Conversation-A Mode of
Discourse
THE ATTENTION-GETTING CONVENTIONS WITHIN
EACH LANGUAGE- BOTH VERBAL AND
NONVERBAL-NEED TO BE CAREFULLY
ASSIMILATED BY LEARNERS.
ONCE SPEAKERS HAVE SECURED THE HEARER’S
ATTENTION, THEIR TASK BECOME ONE OF TOPIC
NOMINATION.

19. Conversation-A Mode of
Discourse
• Conversational maxims that enable the
speaker to maintain a topic of
conversation:
1. Quantity- say only as much as is
necessary for understanding the
communication.
2. Quality- say only what is true.
3. Relevance- say only what is relevant
4. Manner-be clear.

20. Implications

21. Important
Implications
The classroom teacher should encourage
interaction among learners.
It is important for teachers to be acutely
aware of the rules of conversation in the L2
and to aid learners both to perceive those
rules and follow them in their own
conversations.
Discourse analysis shows that many
classroom interactions follow an I-R-F (
initiate-response-feedback) pattern, which
restricts the opportunity to negotiate
meaning.

22. Conclusion
• Learner-centered teaching of a subjects or
immersion classrooms can lead to examples of
interactions similar to those found in natural
settings.

23. Thank you!

24. Orillos,
L.Q.(1998).L
anguage
Acquisition
Theories,
Principles
and
Research.
UP Open
University
Reference