How we convert active voice to passive voice (rules and explanation)

1. VOICES
Active voice and Passive voice
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Presented by:
1-Hafiz Ahmad Raza (18123123-059)
2-Hafiz Shoaib Ahmad (18123123-042)
3-Husnain Ali (18123123-030)
4-Abdullah (18123123-012)
Introduction to Grammar

2. What are voices?
Voices of verb is defined as the quality of verb that
indicates whether its subject acts or is acted upon.
Types:
There are two types of voices in English:
1-Active voice 2-Passive voice

3. Active voice:
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The active voice is the "normal" voice. This is the voice
that we use most of the time.
In the active voice, the object receives the action of the
verb:
Ali mailed the letter.
ACTIVE
SUBJECT VERB OBJECT
>
Ali mailed the letter.
Introduction to Grammar

4. Examples:
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1- She eats an apple.
She(subject) is doing the eating(verb) an
apple(object).
2- Kristy will give a book report to the class.
Kristy (subject) is doing the giving (verb) to the class
(object).
Introduction to Grammar

5. Passive voice:
In the passive voice, the subject receives the action of the
verb.
The passive voice is less usual.
We use the passive voice when we want to make the
object more important.
The letter was mailed by Ali.
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1
2
PASSIVE
SUBJECT VERB OBJECT
<
The letter was mailed by Ali.
Introduction to Grammar

6. Examples:
1- An apple is eaten by her.
An apple (subject) is being eating (verb) by her(object).
2- A book report will be given by Kristy to the class.
Report (subject) will be given (verb) by Kristy (object).
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Introduction to Grammar

7. Reasons to Use the Active Voice:
Most writers prefer to use active voice because:
1- It is more direct
2- Concise and propels the reader forward through the writing
avoiding weak constructions.
Compare:
Active: The young waitress dropped the tray of food.
(Concise statement of fact, with the focus on the
waitress)
Passive: The tray of food was dropped by the young
waitress. (Lengthy; focus on the tray of food, less direct)
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Introduction to Grammar

8. Properties of Passive Voice:
1-In general, the passive voice is less direct
2-less forceful
3-less concise than the active voice.
When to use Passive Voice:
When you do not know or do not want to reveal the
performer of an action.
Example: The kidnappers have been caught.
When you want to emphasize the receiver of an action.
Example: The brave youngster was rewarded suitably.
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Introduction to Grammar

9. How to convert Active voice to Passive
voice:
1-Move the active sentence's object into the sentence's
subject slot.
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Introduction to Grammar

10. 2-Place the active sentence's subject into a phrase
beginning with the preposition by.
3-Add a form of the auxiliary verb “be” to the main verb
and change the main verb's form.
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Introduction to Grammar

11. How to convert Passive voice to
Active voice:
1-Move the passive sentence's subject into the active sentence's
object slot.
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Introduction to Grammar

12. 2-Remove the auxiliary verb be from the main verb and
change main verb's form if needed.
3-Place the passive sentence's object of the preposition by
into the subject slot.
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Introduction to Grammar

13. FuturePastPresent
Will be, shall beWas, wereIs, am, areIndefinite
(was, were)+being(is, am, are)+beingContinuous
Will have been,
shall have been
Had beenHas been, have beenPerfect
Perfect Continuous
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Helping verbs for Passive voice:
Introduction to Grammar

14. Exclamatory sentences:
Exclamatory sentence isn't changed into passive voice
since it's just a phrase without any verb and object. The
basic concept in changing a sentence into passive voice is
to give importance to the object upon whom the action is
done.
Examples:
1- (A.V)How nicely she eats an apple!
(P.V)How nicely an apple is eaten by her!
2- (A.V)What a lesson Huma teaches you!
(P.V)What a lesson you are taught by Huma!
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Introduction to Grammar

15. Imperative sentences:
An imperative sentence in the passive voice has the
following form: Let + object + be + past participle.
Examples:
Active: Carry it home.
Passive: Let it be carried home.
Active: Do it at once.
Passive: Let it be done at once.
Active: Open the door.
Passive: Let the door be opened.
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Introduction to Grammar

16. When the active voice is in the negative, the passive voice
takes the form: Let + object + not + be + past participle.
Example:
Active: Do not beat the dog.
Passive: Let the dog not be beaten.
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For negative imperative sentence:
Introduction to Grammar

17. Thank
You
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Introduction to Grammar