The document discusses the process of designing and administering a questionnaire. It covers determining the purpose and objectives, layout, question wording and order, piloting the questionnaire, and administering the survey. The key steps include determining the research goals, creating an effective layout and question structure, testing the questionnaire on a small sample to identify issues, and properly administering the final questionnaire to obtain meaningful data.

1. Presented by:
ADELINE F. PIQUERO-AMER
MAED-Administration and Supervision

2. QUESTIONNAIRE
PURPOSE
LAYOUT
DESIGN
RUN A PILOT
SURVEY
ADMINISTER
TESTING AND
EVALUATION
QUESTIONNAIRE DESIGN

3. WHAT IS THE PURPOSE?
Questionnaires can be thought of as a kind of written interview. They can be carried
out face to face, by telephone or online. Questionnaires can be an effective means of
measuring the behavior, attitudes, preferences, opinions and intentions of relatively large
numbers of subjects more cheaply and quickly than other methods.
Often a questionnaire uses both open and closed questions to collect data. This is
beneficial as it means both quantitative and qualitative data can be obtained.
QUESTIONNAIRE - A set of questions designed to
generate the statistical information from a specific
demographic needed to accomplish the research
objectives.

4. STEPS IN QUESTIONNAIRE DESIGN

5. LAYOUT OF A QUESTIONNAIRE
If the study requires that subjects complete a questionnaire, ordinarily a consent form
is not required. Instead, begin the questionnaire with a cover letter which includes the
following information:
• Purpose of the research
• Rationale, why the research is important, and how information will be used
• Contact person for questions and affiliation of that person
• Confidentiality
• Return of the survey serves as consent
• Time it will take to complete survey
• In the case of sensitive questions, add a statement saying the respondent can omit any
question they prefer not to answer
• Appreciation for participation
Guidelines for Creating a Questionnaire Cover Letter

6. Designing The Questionnaire
Determine survey objectives: plan what to measure.
Decide on format. E.G. Personal interview, telephone, self.
Formulate questions to obtain the needed information
Decide on the wording of questions
Decide on the question sequence and layout of the
questionnaire
Using a sample, test the questionnaire for omissions and
ambiguity
Correct the problems (pretest again, if necessary)
DESIGNING THE QUESTIONNAIRE

7. DESIGN THE QUESTIONNAIRE
1. CONTENT - What should be asked?
 Are the questions relevant? Do they pertain to the research problem?
 Are the questions accurate? Do they accurately depict the attitudes, behaviors, etc. intended to investigate?
 Do respondents have the necessary information? Are they qualified respondents?
 Do respondents understand and interpret the question correctly?
 Will respondents give the information?
2. WORDING - How should each question be phrased?
 Be concise and unambiguous
 Avoid double questions
 Avoid questions involving negatives
 Ask for precise answers
 Avoid leading questions
3. SEQUENCE - In what order should the questions be presented?
4. LAYOUT - What layout will best serve the research objectives?
Practical Considerations In Questionnaire Design

8. DESIGNING THE QUESTIONNAIRE
Other Considerations
Questions should flow logically from one to the next
General questions should be asked before more specific ones
Earlier questions should not influence response to later ones
Questions should flow from factual and behavioural questions to attitudinal
and opinion questions
Questions should flow from the least sensitive to the most sensitive.
Questions should flow from unaided (Which brand do you prefer?)
to aided questions (Which brand do you prefer: tide, cheer, gain?)
Demographic questions should come at the end.

9. PILOTING THE QUESTIONNAIRE
A pilot study is a practice / small-scale study conducted before
the main study. It allows the researcher to try out the study with a few
participants so that adjustments can be made before the main study, so
saving time and money.
It is important to conduct a questionnaire pilot study for the
following reasons:
 Check that respondents understand the terminology used in the
questionnaire.
 Check that emotive questions have not been used as they make
people defensive and could invalidate their answers.
 Check that leading questions have not been used as they could bias
the respondent's answer.
 Ensure the questionnaire can be completed in an appropriate time
frame.
Run a Pilot Survey

10. ADMINISTERING THE QUESTIONNAIRE
STEP 1.
Find participants to take your questionnaire. If you desire in-person participants, look for areas
where large numbers of people congregate, such as at a college campus, at a mall or at a park. If you are
conducting your questionnaire by phone or through the mail, compile lists of phone numbers and
addresses to contact potential participants in your area. Administer the questionnaire only to people in
your target group, if you have one. Along with the survey, explain why you are conducting the survey and
what the information will be used for, if you are at liberty to say.
STEP 2.
Inform your participants how much time it will take for them to complete the questionnaire and
impress upon them that they should be honest. Tell the participants to contact you if they need
clarification on any of the questions.
Steps on how to administer the questionnaire:

11. ADMINISTERING THE QUESTIONNAIRE
STEP 3.
Pass out paper copies of the questionnaire to all participants, if you are administering the
questionnaire in person. If you are administering your questionnaire by phone or mail, begin your survey
with the first question. Keep your questions simple so that you do not confuse your participants. Be polite
and courteous. Remain impartial while your participants answer each question; do not interrupt them or
interject your own views or opinions, as doing so may skew the results.
STEP 4.
Wait for your participants to return their completed questionnaires in person or by mail. If you
are conducting the questionnaire over the phone, inform your participant when the participant has
answered all the questions. Ask your participants if they have any comments or questions for you. To
close, thank them for their time.
Steps on how to administer the questionnaire:

12. TESTING & EVALUATING QUESTIONNAIRE

13. REFERENCES
 Mcleod, S. A. (2014). Questionnaires. Retrieved from http://www.org/questionnaires.html
 Questionnaire Design And Surveys Sampling. Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/questionnaires.html
 Statistics Learning Center. Designing a Questionnaire-statistics help.mp4 Published 17 Feb 2014
Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FkX-t0Pgzzs
 Summary of Survey Analysis Software. Retrieved From http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~stats/survey-soft/survey- soft.html
 American Statistical Association. Retrieved from http://www.amstat.org/
 Association For Survey Computing. Retrieved from http://www.asc.org.uk/
 How to administer a questionnaire. Retrieved from http://classroom.synonym.com/administer-questionnaire-8439458.html
 Reliability Analysis. Reliability Test Using SPSS Uploaded on 15 Oct 2011
Retrieved from: http://statisticisfun.blogspot.com/

14. END