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Foster + Partners
“Os Novos Princípios da Construção
para um novo Planeta”
Foster + Partners em resumo
Escritórios




Residências
Casas Privativas
Resorts & Hotels




Interiores




Resorts and Hotels
Cultura




Productos
Universidades




Escolas
Saúde
Estádios e espaços culturais
Infra-estrutura e transporte
Urbanismo e plano diretor
O processo como parte do produto
Estúdio principal da Foster+Partners
Foco na Comunicação




Para desenvolver alguns
dos maiores e mais
complexos projetos no
mundo é necessário ter
abundância de recursos
e boa comunicação.
Nosso Time




Origens:     52
Linguas:     45
Management Board
  Design Board



                                                                           Norman Foster
                                                                        Founder and Chairman




                                                                           Mouzhan Majidi
                                                                           Chief Executive




                                                                 Spencer de Grey     David Nelson
                                                                  Head of Design     Head of Design




  Grant Brooker      David Summerfield          Luke Fox          Stefan Behling    Gerard Evenden      Nigel Dancey      Roger Ridsdill Smith  Piers Heath
  Design Director      Design Director        Design Director     Design Director    Design Director    Design Director     Design Director    Design Director
     Group 1              Group 2                Group 3             Group 4            Group 5            Group 6           Engineering 1      Engineering 2




                      Matthew Streets          Andy Bow          Brandon Haw        Paul Kalkhoven       Mark Sutcliffe    Graham Young
                    Chief Financial Officer     Group 1         Head of Business    Head of Technical      Head of      Head of Information and
                                                                 Development          Development        Management        Design Systems
Nossos grupos e demais serivços de apoio
Executamos projetos em mais 330 cidades ao redor do mundo
Documentos p/
                  Viabilidade       Conceito   Esquemático   Detalhaddo                   Construção
                                                                           Construção




90%
                Foster + Partners
% Involvement




                LCA/LCE
10%
Escritórios e/ou presença local da Foster+Partners




                                                                 Stockholm
             Canada                          Edinburgh        Denmark
                                               London                             Russia
        Seattle
                                                              Munich
                                                 France       Geneva
               New York                                              Bulgaria
        San Francisco                          Madrid     Italy
                                        Casablanca                      Turkey                  Beijing
                  Houston                    Morocco            Lebanon                                               South Korea
                                                            Libya        Jordan Abu Dhabi
                                                                                  Dubai
                                                                                             Hong Kong
                                                                     Riyadh    Bahrain
                                                                                      Mumbai
                                                                                                           Vietnam

                                                                                      Kuala Lumpur
                                                                                                          Singapore



                            Sao Paulo

                  Buenos Aires                                                                               Perth
Reconhecimento público
45 anos de sustentabilidade
Nós Acreditamos em
“Fazer mais com menos e para mais
pessoas”
Sustentabilidade
                                               Harvesting energy &   Waste Management
                                                                                           Improve
                                                      water
                                                                                           ecological value


                          Water conservation
                                                                                                                 Passive heating/cooling &
                                                                                                                 ventilation systems



       Low impact materials



                                                                                                                             Green Travel Plans


      Energy efficiency



                                                                                                                                Environmental
                                                                                                                                Quality


 Minimise whole life costs


                                                                                                                         Inclusive Design


                 Material Efficiency


                                                                                                              Amenity

                               Adaptability/Flexibility
                                                                                        Secured by Design
                                                                       Consultation
Indicadores para construção sustentáveis
One Planet Communities – Visão Sustentável




                                    Zero Carbon




                                                  oneplanetliving.org
Padrão Foster+Partners para Sustentabilidade
É necessário mudar nossos preceitos




                                                                   Custo $
                   Central de Energia Renovável

                                 Energia do Lixo
                Energia Renovável predial
                                                   GERAR
              Rede Elétrica Inteligente

          Equipamentos inteligentes
                                               GERENCIAR
               Controles prediais

            Sistemas Eficientes
     Estilo de vida sutentável                CONSERVAR
          Design Passivo



                                             Benefício Ambiental
Temos que pensar no custo total do empreendimento
Integrated Design
                    Design Integrado
“…an approach to building design that seeks to achieve high-performance
on a wide variety of well-defined environmental and social goals while
staying within budgetary and scheduling constraints”.


“…uma abordagem de projeto que busca atingir alta performance numa
variedade de objetivos sociais e ambientais mantendo-se sempre dentro
do orçamento e do prazo estipulado”




   IDP: Busby Perkins + Will and Stantec Consulting, 2007a:6
Design Integrado Vs Convencional
Convencional                       Integrado

Membros Atuam apenas quando   Vs   Constante integração e diálogo.
essencial.


      Arquitetos &
      Consultores




          Cliente



                                   Melhores resultados e
                                   desenvolvimento para o grupo
                                   e indivíduos.


Separação de foco e
esforços:
Convencional                                   Integrado

• Minima colaboração, principalmente   Vs      • Integração durante todo processo
nos estágios iniciais de projeto


 De qualificação disponíveis somente quando necessárias




 Para um completo time com todas as qualificações disponíveis durante
 todo o processo.
Convencional             Integrado

• Processo Linear   Vs   • Processo Interativo
Convencional                    Integrado

•Ênfase no Custo Inicial   Vs   •Ênfase no Custo do ciclo de vida do
                                empreendimento.
Convencional                          Integrated Design Process

• Conluído na entrega da obra.   Vs   • Segue após a ocupação




                                               +




                                      Operação e performance = Feedback!
Ponto único de contato

Time integrado de especialista

O envolvimento antecipado garante
continuidade

Foco nos problemas estratégicos

Plena Colaboração

Processo iterativo + analítico

Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento

Pensamento Holístico para com
Sustentabilidade

Comprometimento contínuo
Qualidade no espaco de trabalho = Produtividade
Foco na Comunicação




Para desenvolver alguns
dos maiores e mais
complexos projetos no
mundo é necessário ter
abundância de recursos
e boa comunicação.
Willis Faber & Dumas, Ipswich 1970 - 75
Soluções passivas são menos dependentes em sistemas
Maior eficiência, mais veloz
Commerzbank Headquarters Frankfurt, Germany, 1991-1997
100%                50%




80%




60%




40%




20%




 0
       Typical   Commerzbank
Centrica, Scottish Gas HQ Edinburgh, UK, 2001-2003
Sombreamento em
alumínio com inclinação
variável para maior visão
sem comprometer
sombreamento.          Veneziana




                                   Massa térmica exposta


                                   Resfriamento passivo com
                                   chilled beams



                                   Aquecimento periférico

                                   Ventilação por estratificação
Swiss Re HQ, 30 St Mary Axe London, UK
Forma economiza energia
A Forma
Vantagens de uma forma curva
Maior iluminação natural
Planejamento flexível – Escritórios abertos e celulares
Forma Aerodinâmica




Image by BDSP        Image by BDSP
Luz e ventilação natural – Percepção do exterio
Jardins Internos de 6 pavimentos de altura
Ventilated Facade




Section through facade
100%               40%




80%




60%




40%




20%




 0
       Typical   Swiss Re
Adding Value
                                                                                                                         • Sold for £1.1   billion
                                                                                                              • Construction cost £500   million
                           • Occupancy Efficiency/ Density up 25%                                                          • Total NIA 100,000m2

                           • Constructed from 85% recycled                                                              • Profit per m2 = £6,000
                           materials
                                                                                                     • Achieved BREEAM        Excellent Rating
                           • 26% more energy efficient than
                           traditional office buildings

                           • Awarded   LEED Gold Sept 2006
                                                                               HSBC HQ,
                                                                                London



                                                             Hearst
                                                             Tower,                            Swiss Re,
                                                                                                  London
                                                         New York
                                                                                                                       • Sold for £630   million
                                                                                                                    • The reinsurer made a book
                                                                                                                  gain of around £250 million
                                                                                                                           • Total NIA 47,000 m2

                                                                                                                        • Profit per m2 = £5,274

                                                                    Scottish              Deutsche
                                                                     Gas,                Bank Place,
                                                                    Scotland              Australia


                                                                                             • Highest Australian rent/ m 2 = $1,000   per m2 pa
• Occupancy efficiency/ density up   30%
                                                                                                  • Rent 30%   higher than next second highest
• Staff absenteeism down   25%                                                                                   (Grosvenor Place rent $655/ m 2)
• BCO National    Winner in Commercial Workplace category                                             • 97% of space leased within 3    months
                                                                                                        • 25% sold creating $21   million profit
The German Parliament Building, The Reichstag
Reichstag: CO2 Emissions in Tonnes per Year
CO2 Emissions (T/A)
           7000          7000

           6500


           6000


           5500


           5000


           4500
                                                         94%
           4000                                          Reduction
           3500


           3000


           2500


           2000


           1500
                                          1450
           1000


           500
                                                         450
            0
                      City Utilities   Natural Gas   Vegetable Oil
                      1960 - 1965        1999           1999
Stansted Airport
Beijing International Airport China 2003 – 2008
Scales on the dragon
Beijing International Airport China 2003 – 2008
Design and construction timeline


                   10
                   January
                   tender info
                   to
                   preferred
 December          contractor
 opened new        s                          March
 office - 11 in          28 March             2005 sub                September
 Beijing 38 in           ground               structure               2007 Terminal
 London                  breaking             complete                commissioned


2003              2004                 2005               2006          2007               2008

 November                   6 April start                 October            Feb 29
 won                        on site                       2006 Roof          opened – no
 competition                                              complete           ceremony

                         15 March
    12                   preliminary
    December             design
    scheme
    design to
    client
Spaceport America New Mexico/ USA, 2006-2011
Millennium Bridge London, UK, 1996 - 2000
Millennium Bridge London, UK 1996 – 2000
Millennium Bridge London, UK 1996 – 2000
Benefits Communities

                       40% increased visitors to St Paul’s
                       £100m economic benefit in a year
                       Hotel and catering up 23%
                       Up to 8 million crossings per year
Trafalgar Square, London
Trafalgar Square, London
Traditional Cities: High Density




     Istanbul                      Florence




     Cairo                         Athens
Low Density Cities: Car dependent




     Los Angeles                    Detroit




     Houston                        Phoenix
Density vs. Energy usage




                               Detroit   USA
Energy Use for Private




                                         Australia
Transport




                                                       Europe
                         Copenhage
                         n
                                                       Monaco   Asia
                                                                  Hong
                                                                  Kong

                         Low                                    High
                                         Density person/ha
  Source: Newman and Kenworthy 1989
Space analysis




             15 m2




            Source : Dynamische Raume, Die Nutzungsflexibilisierung urbaner Mobilitatsraume am Beispiel des
            Berliner Innenstadt, Januar 2002, Berlin
Seria Possível?
CONVENTIONAL CITY                                                 MASDAR
  Building     Energy       Waste      Transportation   Building     Energy           Waste        Transportatio
  Design      Generation                                Design      Generation                          n




Conventiona   Oil and Gas   Landfill   Fossil fuel      Energy      Renewable        Recycling /     Electric /
     l                                                  Efficient                     Waste to        Solar
                                                                                      Energy
         80%                13%          7%             -56% -24%                   -12%            -7%


                                                                        -1%
                                                                                  Carbon offsetting /
                                                                                 Carbon Sequestration


 =1,100,000 Tonnes CO2                                                =0 CO2
Location



                     Saadiyat Island




                                                             Yas Island
                                                                                To Dubai


         Central Abu Dhabi
       Central Abu
          Dhabi                                                           Abu Dhabi
                                       Raha Beach                         Int. Airport Int.
                                                                            Abu Dhabi
                                                                            Airport
                                                           MASDAR
                                                               MASDAR
                                                    Khalifa City
                                                                                To Al Ain


                                                       Capital District
Walled City
              Bagh e Shahzadeh   Shibam
Old Cities Analysis




 Fez




 Aleppo




Shibam
Old Cities Analysis
Street Microclimate – Felt Temperatures




Desert                Central Abu Dhabi    Arcades           Shaded Gardens




         67 °C                71 °C

                                                     50 °C         48 °C
First Phase
Wind Tunnel Testing
Wind towers – A modern interpretation
Microclimate enhancement - passive downdraft evaporative cooling
Thermal Imaging Assessment
Abu Dhabi – Lack Of Shade
                            10°C above air temperature
Abu Dhabi – People in Pool of Heat

20°C                                  50°C




                      People
                       45°C




       Asphalt
        57°C
Abu Dhabi – Typical Street
39°C Air temperature          Radiant temperature   52°C
Abu Dhabi – Typical Street
39°C Air temperature          Radiant temperature   52°C
20°C                                                 50°C




   Building
    38°C




                Asphalt
                 57°C
Street-Panorama
39°C Air temperature   Radiant temperature   37°C
Street-Panorama
39°C Air temperature                 Radiant temperature   37°C
20°C                                                        50°C
                             PV
                            55°C


                     Wall
                     35°C




            People
             34°C




                            Ground
                             33°C
PRT / FRT
UnderCroft & Transportation
36°C Air temperature
20°C                                  50°C




                              Car Engine
                                55°C




       PRT in Undercroft
             37°C
                                  People
                                   34°C
Cristiano Michelena
cmichele@fosterandpartners.com

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Foster+Partners: Arquitetura sustentável e design integrado

  • 2. “Os Novos Princípios da Construção para um novo Planeta”
  • 3. Foster + Partners em resumo
  • 10. Estádios e espaços culturais
  • 12. Urbanismo e plano diretor
  • 13. O processo como parte do produto
  • 14. Estúdio principal da Foster+Partners
  • 15. Foco na Comunicação Para desenvolver alguns dos maiores e mais complexos projetos no mundo é necessário ter abundância de recursos e boa comunicação.
  • 16. Nosso Time Origens: 52 Linguas: 45
  • 17. Management Board Design Board Norman Foster Founder and Chairman Mouzhan Majidi Chief Executive Spencer de Grey David Nelson Head of Design Head of Design Grant Brooker David Summerfield Luke Fox Stefan Behling Gerard Evenden Nigel Dancey Roger Ridsdill Smith Piers Heath Design Director Design Director Design Director Design Director Design Director Design Director Design Director Design Director Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Group 6 Engineering 1 Engineering 2 Matthew Streets Andy Bow Brandon Haw Paul Kalkhoven Mark Sutcliffe Graham Young Chief Financial Officer Group 1 Head of Business Head of Technical Head of Head of Information and Development Development Management Design Systems
  • 18. Nossos grupos e demais serivços de apoio
  • 19. Executamos projetos em mais 330 cidades ao redor do mundo
  • 20. Documentos p/ Viabilidade Conceito Esquemático Detalhaddo Construção Construção 90% Foster + Partners % Involvement LCA/LCE 10%
  • 21. Escritórios e/ou presença local da Foster+Partners Stockholm Canada Edinburgh Denmark London Russia Seattle Munich France Geneva New York Bulgaria San Francisco Madrid Italy Casablanca Turkey Beijing Houston Morocco Lebanon South Korea Libya Jordan Abu Dhabi Dubai Hong Kong Riyadh Bahrain Mumbai Vietnam Kuala Lumpur Singapore Sao Paulo Buenos Aires Perth
  • 23. 45 anos de sustentabilidade
  • 24. Nós Acreditamos em “Fazer mais com menos e para mais pessoas”
  • 25. Sustentabilidade Harvesting energy & Waste Management Improve water ecological value Water conservation Passive heating/cooling & ventilation systems Low impact materials Green Travel Plans Energy efficiency Environmental Quality Minimise whole life costs Inclusive Design Material Efficiency Amenity Adaptability/Flexibility Secured by Design Consultation
  • 27. One Planet Communities – Visão Sustentável Zero Carbon oneplanetliving.org
  • 28. Padrão Foster+Partners para Sustentabilidade
  • 29. É necessário mudar nossos preceitos Custo $ Central de Energia Renovável Energia do Lixo Energia Renovável predial GERAR Rede Elétrica Inteligente Equipamentos inteligentes GERENCIAR Controles prediais Sistemas Eficientes Estilo de vida sutentável CONSERVAR Design Passivo Benefício Ambiental
  • 30. Temos que pensar no custo total do empreendimento
  • 31. Integrated Design Design Integrado
  • 32. “…an approach to building design that seeks to achieve high-performance on a wide variety of well-defined environmental and social goals while staying within budgetary and scheduling constraints”. “…uma abordagem de projeto que busca atingir alta performance numa variedade de objetivos sociais e ambientais mantendo-se sempre dentro do orçamento e do prazo estipulado” IDP: Busby Perkins + Will and Stantec Consulting, 2007a:6
  • 33. Design Integrado Vs Convencional
  • 34. Convencional Integrado Membros Atuam apenas quando Vs Constante integração e diálogo. essencial. Arquitetos & Consultores Cliente Melhores resultados e desenvolvimento para o grupo e indivíduos. Separação de foco e esforços:
  • 35. Convencional Integrado • Minima colaboração, principalmente Vs • Integração durante todo processo nos estágios iniciais de projeto De qualificação disponíveis somente quando necessárias Para um completo time com todas as qualificações disponíveis durante todo o processo.
  • 36. Convencional Integrado • Processo Linear Vs • Processo Interativo
  • 37. Convencional Integrado •Ênfase no Custo Inicial Vs •Ênfase no Custo do ciclo de vida do empreendimento.
  • 38. Convencional Integrated Design Process • Conluído na entrega da obra. Vs • Segue após a ocupação + Operação e performance = Feedback!
  • 39. Ponto único de contato Time integrado de especialista O envolvimento antecipado garante continuidade Foco nos problemas estratégicos Plena Colaboração Processo iterativo + analítico Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Pensamento Holístico para com Sustentabilidade Comprometimento contínuo
  • 40. Qualidade no espaco de trabalho = Produtividade
  • 41. Foco na Comunicação Para desenvolver alguns dos maiores e mais complexos projetos no mundo é necessário ter abundância de recursos e boa comunicação.
  • 42. Willis Faber & Dumas, Ipswich 1970 - 75
  • 43.
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46.
  • 47.
  • 48.
  • 49.
  • 50.
  • 51. Soluções passivas são menos dependentes em sistemas
  • 54.
  • 55.
  • 56. 100% 50% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0 Typical Commerzbank
  • 57. Centrica, Scottish Gas HQ Edinburgh, UK, 2001-2003
  • 58.
  • 59.
  • 60. Sombreamento em alumínio com inclinação variável para maior visão sem comprometer sombreamento. Veneziana Massa térmica exposta Resfriamento passivo com chilled beams Aquecimento periférico Ventilação por estratificação
  • 61.
  • 62.
  • 63.
  • 64. Swiss Re HQ, 30 St Mary Axe London, UK
  • 66.
  • 68. Vantagens de uma forma curva
  • 70. Planejamento flexível – Escritórios abertos e celulares
  • 71. Forma Aerodinâmica Image by BDSP Image by BDSP
  • 72. Luz e ventilação natural – Percepção do exterio
  • 73. Jardins Internos de 6 pavimentos de altura
  • 74.
  • 76.
  • 77.
  • 78.
  • 79.
  • 80.
  • 81.
  • 82.
  • 83.
  • 84.
  • 85.
  • 86.
  • 87.
  • 88.
  • 89.
  • 90. 100% 40% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0 Typical Swiss Re
  • 91. Adding Value • Sold for £1.1 billion • Construction cost £500 million • Occupancy Efficiency/ Density up 25% • Total NIA 100,000m2 • Constructed from 85% recycled • Profit per m2 = £6,000 materials • Achieved BREEAM Excellent Rating • 26% more energy efficient than traditional office buildings • Awarded LEED Gold Sept 2006 HSBC HQ, London Hearst Tower, Swiss Re, London New York • Sold for £630 million • The reinsurer made a book gain of around £250 million • Total NIA 47,000 m2 • Profit per m2 = £5,274 Scottish Deutsche Gas, Bank Place, Scotland Australia • Highest Australian rent/ m 2 = $1,000 per m2 pa • Occupancy efficiency/ density up 30% • Rent 30% higher than next second highest • Staff absenteeism down 25% (Grosvenor Place rent $655/ m 2) • BCO National Winner in Commercial Workplace category • 97% of space leased within 3 months • 25% sold creating $21 million profit
  • 92. The German Parliament Building, The Reichstag
  • 93.
  • 94.
  • 95.
  • 96.
  • 97.
  • 98. Reichstag: CO2 Emissions in Tonnes per Year CO2 Emissions (T/A) 7000 7000 6500 6000 5500 5000 4500 94% 4000 Reduction 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1450 1000 500 450 0 City Utilities Natural Gas Vegetable Oil 1960 - 1965 1999 1999
  • 100.
  • 101.
  • 102.
  • 103.
  • 104.
  • 105.
  • 106.
  • 107. Beijing International Airport China 2003 – 2008
  • 108. Scales on the dragon
  • 109.
  • 110.
  • 111. Beijing International Airport China 2003 – 2008
  • 112. Design and construction timeline 10 January tender info to preferred December contractor opened new s March office - 11 in 28 March 2005 sub September Beijing 38 in ground structure 2007 Terminal London breaking complete commissioned 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 November 6 April start October Feb 29 won on site 2006 Roof opened – no competition complete ceremony 15 March 12 preliminary December design scheme design to client
  • 113. Spaceport America New Mexico/ USA, 2006-2011
  • 114.
  • 115.
  • 116.
  • 117.
  • 118. Millennium Bridge London, UK, 1996 - 2000
  • 119. Millennium Bridge London, UK 1996 – 2000
  • 120. Millennium Bridge London, UK 1996 – 2000
  • 121. Benefits Communities 40% increased visitors to St Paul’s £100m economic benefit in a year Hotel and catering up 23% Up to 8 million crossings per year
  • 122.
  • 124.
  • 125.
  • 127. Traditional Cities: High Density Istanbul Florence Cairo Athens
  • 128. Low Density Cities: Car dependent Los Angeles Detroit Houston Phoenix
  • 129. Density vs. Energy usage Detroit USA Energy Use for Private Australia Transport Europe Copenhage n Monaco Asia Hong Kong Low High Density person/ha Source: Newman and Kenworthy 1989
  • 130.
  • 131. Space analysis 15 m2 Source : Dynamische Raume, Die Nutzungsflexibilisierung urbaner Mobilitatsraume am Beispiel des Berliner Innenstadt, Januar 2002, Berlin
  • 133. CONVENTIONAL CITY MASDAR Building Energy Waste Transportation Building Energy Waste Transportatio Design Generation Design Generation n Conventiona Oil and Gas Landfill Fossil fuel Energy Renewable Recycling / Electric / l Efficient Waste to Solar Energy 80% 13% 7% -56% -24% -12% -7% -1% Carbon offsetting / Carbon Sequestration =1,100,000 Tonnes CO2 =0 CO2
  • 134. Location Saadiyat Island Yas Island To Dubai Central Abu Dhabi Central Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi Raha Beach Int. Airport Int. Abu Dhabi Airport MASDAR MASDAR Khalifa City To Al Ain Capital District
  • 135. Walled City Bagh e Shahzadeh Shibam
  • 136. Old Cities Analysis Fez Aleppo Shibam
  • 138. Street Microclimate – Felt Temperatures Desert Central Abu Dhabi Arcades Shaded Gardens 67 °C 71 °C 50 °C 48 °C
  • 141.
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  • 143.
  • 144. Wind towers – A modern interpretation
  • 145.
  • 146. Microclimate enhancement - passive downdraft evaporative cooling
  • 148. Abu Dhabi – Lack Of Shade 10°C above air temperature
  • 149. Abu Dhabi – People in Pool of Heat 20°C 50°C People 45°C Asphalt 57°C
  • 150. Abu Dhabi – Typical Street 39°C Air temperature Radiant temperature 52°C
  • 151. Abu Dhabi – Typical Street 39°C Air temperature Radiant temperature 52°C 20°C 50°C Building 38°C Asphalt 57°C
  • 152. Street-Panorama 39°C Air temperature Radiant temperature 37°C
  • 153. Street-Panorama 39°C Air temperature Radiant temperature 37°C 20°C 50°C PV 55°C Wall 35°C People 34°C Ground 33°C
  • 154.
  • 156. UnderCroft & Transportation 36°C Air temperature 20°C 50°C Car Engine 55°C PRT in Undercroft 37°C People 34°C
  • 157.
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  • 159.