The document discusses key technologies used in modern data centers, including virtualization, standardization, automation, remote management, security practices, and the hardware components involved. It describes how data centers utilize these technologies to efficiently organize, process, store, and disseminate large amounts of data for businesses. The technologies discussed help data centers achieve high availability, reduce costs, and securely manage centralized IT resources.

1. G. Taraka Rama Rao
Assistant Professor
Department of CSE
GITAM Institute of Technology (GIT)
Visakhapatnam – 530045
Email: tgottapu@gitam.edu
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Topic for the Class: Data Center Technology
Unit II : Cloud Enabling Technology

2. MODULE II
Cloud Enabling Technologies
1. Data Center Technology
2. Virtualization Technology
3. Web Technology
4. Multitenant Technology
5. Service Technology
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3. 1. Data Center Technology
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1. Data Center Technology:
• The Data Center is a physical facility that is a dedicated space
within a building used to house computer systems and associated
components.
• The Modern Data Center’s exist as Specialized IT infrastructure
that houses Centralized IT Resources, such as Servers,
Databases, Networking and Telecommunication Devices,
Storage Systems and Software Systems. That helps businesses
and other organizations use to organize, process, store and
disseminate large amounts of data efficiently.
• These are the advantages that naturally popularized the data center
concept.

5. • A Data Center’s Design is based on a network of computing
and storage resources that enable the delivery of shared
applications and data.
• The key components of a Data Center’s Design include
Routers, Switches, Firewalls, Storage Systems, Servers, and
Application-Delivery Controllers.
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Data Center Technology:

6. • Data centers support almost all computations, data storage and business
applications for the enterprise.
• Data centers enable organizations to concentrate their processing power,
which in turn enables the organization to concentrate their:
 IT and data processing personnel;
 computing and network connectivity infrastructure; and
 computing facility security.
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Why are Data Center’s Important:

7. Data centers are typically comprised by many technologies and components
1. Virtualization
2. Standardization and Modularity
3. Automation
4. Remote Operation and Management
5. High Availability
6. Security-Aware Design, Operation, and Management
7. Facilities
8. Computing Hardware
9. Storage Hardware
10. Network Hardware
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Data Center’s Technology:

8. 1. Virtualization
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• Virtualization is the process of converting a
physical IT resource into a virtual IT resource.
• Data center virtualization is the process of
designing, developing and deploying a data
center on virtualization and cloud computing
technologies.

9. 1. Virtualization
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• Data centers consist of both physical and virtualized IT resources.
• Virtualized components are easier to allocate, operate, release, monitor and control.

10. Why do we need virtualization?
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 Helps in transferring data easily,
 Protects from system failures,
 Reduces the cost of operations
 Provides security to data.
 Helps in increasing the efficiency of the development and operations team by not creating
the physical systems for their tasks.

11. 2. Standardization and Modularity
• Data centers are built upon standardized commodity hardware
and designed with modular architectures.
• Modularity and standardization are key requirements for
reducing investment and operational costs.
• Aggregating multiple identical building blocks of facility
infrastructure and equipment to support scalability, growth,
and speedy hardware replacements.
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12. 3. Automation
• Data center automation is the process by which a data center's routine
workflows and processes—such as scheduling, monitoring, maintenance,
and application delivery—are managed and executed without the need for
human intervention.
• Data centers have specialized platforms that automate tasks like
provisioning, configuration, patching and monitoring without supervision.
• Automation of data centers increases agility and operational efficiency.
• It reduces the amount of time IT needs to spend on routine tasks and
enables them to provide services on demand in a repeatable, automated
manner. End users can then quickly consume these services.
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13. Why Automation is Important?
• Because of the massive growth in data and the speed with which businesses
operate today, manual monitoring, troubleshooting, and remediation are
ineffective and can put businesses at risk.
• Automation can almost completely automate day to day operations.
• Data center automation is immensely valuable because it frees up human
computational time and:
a) Automates routine procedures like patching, updating, and reporting
b) Produces and programs all data center scheduling and monitoring tasks
c) Delivers insight into server nodes and configurations
d) Enforces data center processes and controls in agreement with
standards and policies
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14. 4. Remote Operation and Management
• Most of the operational and administrative tasks of IT resources in data centers
are connected(commanded) through the networks remote consoles and
management systems.
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15. • Technical personnel are not required to visit the dedicated rooms that house
servers, except to perform highly specific tasks, such as equipment handling
and cabling or hardware-level installation and maintenance.
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4. Remote Operation and Management

16. • Reduced network operation costs
• Strategically deployment of maintenance and repair processes
• Attract & retain
• Improved satisfaction
• Getting the right competence, in the right place and right time
• Reliable management
• Fast, easy and cost effective launch of new services
• Secure and predictable performance
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Benefits of Remote Operation and Management

17. • Performance management
• Events
• Inventory management
• Troubleshooting
• Scheduled reporting
• Consultancy
• Network utilization
• Mediation device management
• Third-party applications management
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Services Provided by Remote Operation and Management

18. 5. Highly Availability
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 Since any form of data center outage significantly impacts
business continuity for the organizations that use their
services.
 Data centers are designed to operate with increasingly
higher levels of redundancy to sustain availability.
 Data centers usually have redundant, uninterruptable
power supplies, cabling and environmental control sub-
systems in anticipation to system failure, along with
communication links and clustered hardware for load
balancing.

19. How to Achieve Highly Availability
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 Design the system with HA in mind.
 Define the success metrics.
 Deploy the hardware.
 Test the failover system.
 Monitor the system.
 Evaluate.

20. 6. Security-aware Design, Operation and Management
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 The Data Center’s are highly secured, since they are centralized structures that store and process
business data.
 Requirements for security, such as physical and logical access controls and data recovery strategies
need to be thorough and comprehensive for data centers.

21. 6. Security-Aware Design, Operation, and Management
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22. 7. Facilities
• Data center facilities are custom-designed locations that are outfitted
with specialized computing, storage and network equipment.
• These facilities have several functional layout areas, as well as
various power supplies, cabling and environmental control stations
that regulate heating, ventilation, air conditioning, fire protection and
other related sub-systems.
--Computing Hardware
--Storage Hardware
--Network Hardware
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23. 7. Facilities
A data center facility enables an organization to collect its resources and infrastructure for data
processing, storage and communications, which include:
• Systems for storing, sharing, accessing and processing data across the organization;
• Physical Infrastructure to support data processing and data communications; and
• Utilities such as cooling, electricity, network access and uninterruptible power supplies(UPS).
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24. 8. Computing Hardware
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 Much of the heavy processing in data center’s is often executed by standardized commodity servers
that have substantial computing power and storage capacity.
 Computing hardware platforms generally support industry standard and proprietary operational and
management software systems.

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 Data Center’s have specialized storage systems.
 These storage systems are containers housing numerous hard disks that are organized into arrays.
 These storage systems maintain enormous amounts of digital information in order to fulfil
considerable storage capacity needs.
9. Storage Hardware
Storage systems usually involve the following technologies:
1. Hard Disk
2. I/O Caching
3. Hot-Swappable Hard Disks
4. Storage Virtualization
5. Fast Data Replication Mechanisms

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 Networked storage devices usually fall into one of the following categories:
1. Storage Area Network (SAN)
2. Network-Attached Storage (NAS)
10. Network Hardware
 Data Center’s require extensive network hardware in order to enable multiple levels of connectivity.
 For a simplified version of networking infrastructure, the data center is broken down into five network subsystems
1. Carrier and External Networks Interconnection
2. Web-Tier Load Balancing and Acceleration
3. LAN Fabric
4. SAN Fabric
5. NAS Gateways

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