Descriptions, Uses, Steps, Strengths, and Weaknesses

1. GENARO N. DE MESA, JR.
Student, MAEd - Mathematics

2. DEDUCTIVE METHOD
Deduction – is the process of
solving a problem by applying
to the problem or difficulty a
generalization already formed.
It is the process of thought
starting from general going to
particular.

3. When To Use The Deductive Method
To teach students to delay judgment
until truth is proven and not to judge
even in the face of seeming certainty.
To master difficulties by utilizing
truth established by others.
To remedy or overcome the tendency
to jump to conclusions at once.

4. Steps Of The Deductive Method
1. Statement of the Problem
2. Generalization
3. Inference
4. Verification

5. Strengths Of The Deductive Method
1. It is much simpler than the inductive method
and takes less time.
2. It can be used for ordinary subject matters and
principles in textbooks.
3. Already established principles are made more
meaningful.
4. In the anticipatory form, a very good motive is
furnished for seeking evidences that will
support the influences made therein, thus
arousing the puzzle instinct which is a valuable
aid.

6. Weaknesses Of The Deductive Method
1. Some students cannot profit from
deductive thinking.
2. It encourages guessing which however
may be allowed within certain limits.
3. It is restricted to certain topics and is of
no value in securing drill or emotional
outcomes.
4. It is not intellectually challenging.

7. INDUCTIVE METHOD
Method of solving a problem from the
particular to the general.
Through the inductive procedure, one may
arrive at a fact, a principle, truth, or
generalization.
It helps students discover important rules
or truths for themselves trough careful
observation of enough specific examples
that will support the generalization.

8. Steps Of The Inductive Method
1. Preparation
a) apperception
b) motivation
c) statement of the aim
2. Presentation
3. Comparison and Abstraction
4. Generalization
5. Application

9. Strengths Of The Inductive Method
1. It makes the students think logically and
scientifically.
2. What is learned is retained longer and is
better understood.
3. The students are trained in problem
solving and are able to solve similar
problems later.
4. Students go through a method of work
both intellectually challenging and
psychologically right.

10. Weaknesses Of The Inductive Method
1. It does not fit all subject matter
areas.
2. It requires more time and is mentally
taxing for slow learners.
3. Lack of available resources for the
proper performance of activities.

11. RECITATION METHOD –
ITS MODERN INNOVATION
The importance of the recitation in
learning is its efficacy as a means of
developing many skills, attitudes, abilities,
and ideals.
The modern concept of the recitations
mentions its place for developing reflective
thinking, creative expression, favorable
attitudes, and ideals of social living.

12. RECITATION METHOD –
ITS MODERN INNOVATION
The recitation in the modern classroom
serves many purposes:
Democratic ideals and process are taught
and practised in modern classroom.
Problem-solving provides training in
reflective thinking as well as in critical
evaluation.
Freedom of expression and respect for the
opinions of others are encouraged.

13. Method of Conducting the Recitation
Conversations
Dramatization
Creative Dramatics
Debates
Bull Sessions
Class Meetings
Supervised Study

14. RECITATION METHOD –
ITS MODERN INNOVATION
The recitation should utilize
life situations.
The recitation should provide
for individual differences.
The good recitation should
provide for evaluation.

15. Things to Remember
in Conducting Recitations
Students should recite for the
class, not for the teacher alone.
The teacher should have a high
standard of performance for all
activities.

16. Strengths Of The Recitation Method
1. Recitation is a place for developing
reflective thinking and creative expression,
favorable attitudes and ideals of social
living.
2. Recitation is a student- centered.
3. Wholesome attitudes essential to effective
social living can very well be developed.
4. There is freedom of expression, and
training of good speech.

17. Weaknesses Of The Recitation Method
1. There is emphasis on the ability to memorize, and the
student who memorizes best is the best.
2. The favorite lesson procedure is the lecture method.
3. Students are not motivated to ask questions.
4. There will be poor result when it comes to group
discussions.
5. Teacher-centered if he is autocratic and considers
himself the chief factor in the process.
6. Students assume little responsibilities and his only
responsibility is to memorize.
7. Feeling of aloofness has to exist.

18. Reference:
Tips on How To Teach Effectively (A Description of 60
Teaching Methods) by: Fe S. J. Hidalgo, pages 23 – 30.