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Voices of Youth BiH - Key findings 2012
1. GLASOVI MLADIH 2012 – Glavni nalazi
VOICES OF YOUTH 2012 – Key findings
Pripremljeno/Prepared by: Envesa Hodžić-Kovač
UN RC ured/UN RC Office, oktobar/October 2012
2. About research/O istraživanju
• Fieldwork conducted in the period • Terenski dio istraživanja odrađen
December 2011 - January 2012 decembar 2011./ januar 2012.
• Sample size: 2,360 respondents from • Uzorak: 2.360 ispitanika od 15 do 30
15 to 30 years of age godina
– 2,008 youth (general population) – 2.008 mladi (opšta populacija)
– 352 youth (vulnerable categories) – 352 mladi (ugrožene kategorije)
• 100 youth with special needs • 100 sa posebnim potrebama
• 100 youth without parental care • 100 bez roditeljskog staranja
• 88 Roma youth • 88 Romi
• 65 youth returnees • 65 povratnici
• Topics covered through research: • Teme pokrivene istraživanjem:
– Education – Obrazovanje
– Employment and labour market – Zapošljavanje i tržište rada
– Social protection – Socijalna zaštita
– Living standards – Životni standard
– Participation – Učešde
– Future – Bududnost
3. About research/O istraživanju
• Goal 1: collect data on the • Cilj 1: prikupiti datu o
attitudes, opinions, perceptions and stavovima, mišljenjima, percepcijama
aspirations of young people to assist i željama mladih ljudi kao podlogu za
in the creation of more youth stvaranje adekvatnijih politika za
sensitive policies mlade
• Goal 2: detect any changes in the
attitudes and opinions amongst • Cilj 2: uočiti promjene u stavovima i
young people in comparison to 2008 mišljenjima kod mladih ljudi u
(similar survey conducted for GTZ) odnosu na 2008. godinu (slično
istraživanje sprovedeno za GTZ)
• Goal 3: identify any differences in
responses of general youth • Cilj 3: uočiti razlike u odgovorima
population and those from mladih iz opšte populacije i mladih iz
vulnerable categories ugroženih kategorija
4. Profile of respondents/Profil ispitanika
• Average age: 22 years • Prosječna dob: 22 godine
• Every fourth is employed (28%) • Svaki četvrti je zaposlen (28%)
• Every fourth is married (26.3%) • Svaki četvrti je oženjen (26,3%)
• Every fifth has children (21.4%) • Svaki peti ima djecu (21,4%)
• Most still live with parents (71.9%) • Vedina živi sa roditeljima (71,9%)
• Every tenth has completed higher • Svaki deseti ima završeno više ili visoko
education (14.1% vs. 9.9% in 2008) obrazovanje (14,1% vs. 9,9% u 2008.)
• 3.3% without any formal education • 3,3% nema formalno obrazovanje
• Three out of four find current living • Tri od četiri nalaze trenutni životni
standard poor or mediocre (75%) standard lošim ili prosječnim (75%)
• Most experienced decrease in living • Vedina je iskusila pad životnog
standards in the last 3 years (87%) standarda u zadnje 3 godine (87%)
• 99% believe they have no influence • 99% vjeruje da nema nikakav utjecaj
on key decisions in political or non- na odluke u političkim i nevladinim
governmental organisations organizacijama
• 38% would leve the country for good • 38% bi zauvijek napustili zemlju ako bi
if given an opportunity im se ukazala prilika
5. Views on education/
Stavovi o obrazovanju
2008 2011/2012
Education will not help me gain employment
60% 79%
Obrazovanje mi nede omoguditi zaposlenje
Knowledge of English Language
64% 76%
Znanje engleskog jezika
No voluntary activities in school
60% 84%
Nema volonterskih aktivnosti u školi
No practical experience offered in school
48% 52%
Nema praktične nastave u školi
Not involved in non-formal education
64% 75%
Neuključenost u neformalnom obrazovanju
Scope of the curricula is too extensive
33.6% 28.6%
Preopširan nastavni plan
Lack of practical application of knowledge
18.1% 27.2%
Nedostatak praktične primjene stečenog znanja
Lack of scolarship grants and loans
13.7% 14.5%
Nedovoljno stipendija i grantova
6. Education attainment of respondents/
Stečeno obrazovanje ispitanika
No 4 years of Completed Secondary Secondary
primary primary primary education education
education education education (3 years) (4 years)
Bez 4 razreda Završena Srednja Srednja škola
osnovne osnovne osnovna škola (četvero-
škole škole škola (trogodišnja) godišnja)
All respondents
2.0 1.3 6.4 25.4 48.9
Svi ispitanici
Roma
34.2 20.5 24.7 17.8 2.7
Romi
Youth without paretnal care
.0 .0 9.8 37.7 49.2
Mladi bez roditeljskog staranja
Youth with special needs
8.9 2.5 26.6 34.2 26.6
Mladi sa posebnim potrebama
Returnees
.0 .0 7.0 41.9 44.2
Povratnici
7. Education attainment of respondents/
Stečeno obrazovanje ispitanika
Completed higher education Completed university degree
(2 years) or masters
Završena dvogodišnja viša Završen fakultet ili magisterij
škola
All respondents
2.7 11.4*
Svi ispitanici
Roma
.0 .0
Romi
Youth without paretnal care
1.6 .0
Mladi bez roditeljskog staranja
Youth with special needs
1.3 .0
Mladi sa posebnim potrebama
Returnees
4.7 .0
Povratnici
*8.1% male and 14.7% female / 8.1% muškaraca i 14.7% žena
Familiar with the concept of lifelong learning
56.7%
Upoznati sa konceptom cjeloživotnog učenja
Ready for career change
51.2%
Spremno za promjenu profesije
8. Labour market / Tržište rada
2008 2011/2012
Number of months job searching after completed school
11 16
Broj mjeseci u traženju posla nakon školovanja
No need for additional skills for work than ones I already posess
Ne postoji potreba za dodatnim vještinama za posao od onih 43% 95%
koje posjedujem
I am in permanent employment
50% 55%
Imam ugovor o radu na neodređen period
I am in temporary employment
18% 27%
Imam ugovor o radu na određen period
Employer pays salary on regular basis
81% 89%
Poslodavac redovno upladuje platu
Employer pays contributions on regular basis
64% 78%
Poslodavac redovno upladuje doprinose
Employment in own profession
37% 50%
Zaposlenost u vlastitoj struci
Minimal monthly wage prepared to work for
467KM 614KM
Minimalna plata za koju sam spreman/spremna raditi
9. Unemployment/ Nezaposlenost
2008 2011/2012
Active in job searching
23% 35%
Aktivni u traženju posla
Average period of unemployment (months)
36 26
Prosječan period nezaposlenosti (mjeseci)
Registered as unemployed with employment centre
35% 58%
Registrovani kao nezaposleni na birou za zapošljavanje
Prefers employment in trade, hospitality, turism, transport
48% 59%
Preferira posao u trgovini, ugostiteljstvu, turizmu, prometu
Youth that have heard of cases of bribery for a job in public sector
Mladi koji su čuli za slučajeve podmidivanja za radno mjesto u 74% 96%
javnoj administraciji
...heard of cases of bribery for a job in private sector
74% 93%
... čuli za slučajeve podmidivanja za radno mjesto u priv. sektoru
Familiar with some government programme for employment
19% 27%
Upoznati sa nekim od vladinih programa za zapošljavanje
Beneficiaries of government programme for employment
5% 8%
Korisnici nekog od vladinih programa za zapošljavanje
10. Labour market and vulnerable groups/
Tržište rada i ranjive grupe
I posses all
Active in
In In skills required
job
permanent temporary for job
Employed searching
employment employment Imam sva
Zaposleni Aktivni u
Zaposlen na Zaposlen na znanja za
traženju
neodređeno određeno obavljanje
posla
posla
All respondents
22.6 55.2 26.9 32.4 55.0
Svi ispitanici
Roma
7.1 57.1 14.3 26.0 27.3
Romi
Youth without paretnal care
25.0 71.4 14.3 28.9 56.8
Mladi bez roditeljskog staranja
Youth with special needs
10.0 20.0 50.0 11.0 34.0
Mladi sa posebnim potrebama
Returnees
15.4 60.0 .0 40.0 40.0
Povratnici
11. Economic status/
Ekonomski status
2008 2011/2012
Do not contribute to household budget on a regular basis
53.3% 61.7%
Ne doprinosi redovno kudnom budžetu
Average disposable monthly amount
236KM 232KM
Prosječan mjesečni iznos na raspolaganju
Recepient of a scholarship
3.9% 4.3%
Prima stipendiju
Average amount of scholarship
317KM 167KM
Prosječan iznos stipendije
Recepient of social welfare
2% 6.7%
Prima socijalnu pomod
Visited centre for social work to obtain information
- 6.5%
Posjeta centru za socijalni rad za informacije
Manage to save some money every month
0% 12.5%
Uspiju uštedjeti nešto novca svaki mjesec
Posesses a loan
- 9%
Ima kredit
12. Income and vulnerable groups/
Primanja i ranjive grupe
Contributes
Income
regularly to Income
Income from from Income from
h. budget from
agriculture pensions social benefits
Doprinose salary
Primanja od Primanja Primanja od
redovno Primanja
polj. dobra od socijalne zaštite
kudnom od plate
penzija
budžetu
All respondents
22.2 76.1 22.4 16.5 6.1
Svi ispitanici
Roma
17.2 32.3 13.1 2.0 24.2
Romi
Youth without paretnal care
37.5 40.9 9.1 31.8 30.7
Mladi bez roditeljskog staranja
Youth with special needs
37.0 56.0 8.0 36.0 64.0
Mladi sa posebnim potrebama
Returnees
10.8 66.2 40.0 27.7 1.5
Povratnici
13. Participation/ Učešde
2008 2011/2012
Not interested in politics
75% 83%
Nisu zainteresovani za politiku
Small or no influence in school/faculty
80% 88%
Mali / nikakav utjecaj u školi/na fakultetu
Small or no influence in family
61% 70%
Mali / nikakav utjecaj u porodici
Small or no influence in local community
89% 97%
Mali / nikakav utjecaj u lokalnoj zajednici
Small or no influence in political or non-gov. organisations
90% 99%
Mali /nikakav utjecaj u političkim i nevladinim organizacijama
Voted during last elections
57% 60%*/**
Glasali na prošlim izborima
* 32% youth /mladi 18-21; 62% youth / mladi 22-25; 78% youth / mladi 26-30
** 78% university educated youth / mladi sa završenim fakultetom; 59% youth with secondary
education / mladi sa srednjom školom
14. Views on their future/
Razmišljanja o njihovoj bududnosti
2008 2011/2012
Living standard will be the same or worse in the future
26% 43%
Životni standard u bududnosti de biti isti ili gori
Would leave the country for studies
43% 53%
Napustili bi zemlju zbog studija
Would leave the country for temporary work
55% 66%
Napustili bi zemlju zbog privremenog rada
Would leave the country for marriage
34% 42%
Napustili bi zemlju zbog ženidbe/udaje
Would permanently settle abroad
46% 52%
Stalno bi se nastanili u inostranstvu
Would move abroad for a longer period, but would return
30% 43%
Išli bi u inostranstvo na duže vrijeme, ali ne zauvijek
Would move abroad for good
37% 38%
Otišli bi u inostranstvo zauvijek
15. Future and vulnerable groups/
Bududnost i ranjive grupe
Would Would move
Would leave
leave the abroad for a
the country Would
country longer Would move
for permanently
for period, but abroad for
temporary settle
studies would return good
work abroad
Napustili Išli bi u Otišli bi u
Napustili bi Stalno bi se
bi zemlju inostranstvo inostranstvo
zemlju zbog nastanili u
zbog na duže zauvijek
privremenog inostranstvu
studija vrijeme, ali
rada
ne zauvijek
All respondents
53.3 65.6 52.3 42.9 38.1
Svi ispitanici
Roma
43.4 86.9 76.8 30.3 64.6
Romi
Youth without paretnal care
58.0 65.9 50.0 47.7 40.9
Mladi bez roditeljskog staranja
Youth with special needs
17.0 25.0 31.0 26.0 23.0
Mladi sa posebnim potrebama
Returnees
47.7 60.0 56.9 33.8 38.5
Povratnici
16. Recommendations / Preporuke
• Resolve the unemployment and • Riješiti problem nezaposlenosti i
housing issues pertaining to youth. stambenog zbrinjavanja mladih.
• Enable everyone to realise their right • Omoguditi svima da ostvare pravo na
to primary education. osnovno obrazovanje.
• Remove all obstacles to good quality • Ukinuti sve prepreke kvalitetnom
education. obrazovanju.
• Enable youth to gain experience of • Omoguditi internacionalna
international education. obrazovna iskustva mladima.
• Inform youth about the possibilities • Informisati mlade o mogudnostima
for engagement in voluntary anagažovanja u volonterskim
activities. aktivnostima.
• Increase access to non-formal • Povedati pristup neformalnim
education programmes. programima obrazovanja
• Ohrabriti učešde mladih osoba u
• Encourage youth participation in
donošenju odluka.
decision-making.
17. Recommendations / Preporuke
• Protect vulnerable groups. • Zaštita vulnerabilnih grupa.
• Protect the rights of workers. • Zaštita prava radnika.
• Improve the quality of social • Poboljšati kvalitetu socijalne
protection. zaštite.
• Raise youth awareness about the • Podidi svijest mladih o
advantages of political activity and prednostima političkog djelovanja
activity within the nongovernmental kao i djelovanja u nevladinom
sector. sektoru.
• Strengthen the mechanisms for • Ojačati mehanizme zaštite od
protection against human trafficking. trgovine sa ljudima.