1. Phonics
Foundational stone to reading and writing.
Nirali

2. Purpose
 The goal of phonics instruction is to help readers
quickly determine the sounds in unfamiliar written
words.
 When readers encounter new words in texts they use
the elements of phonics to decode and understand
them.
 Experts today agree that language, as taught in
phonics, is the critical building blocks for reading
success.

3. What is Phonics
 It is a strong understanding of relationship between
letters(symbols) and sounds
 The principle behind phonics
 Children become skill readers by learning to
recognize words
 The phonic instruction shows significant gains in
their reading comprehension and spelling
abilities

4. What is Phonemic Awareness
 Phonemic awareness is the understanding that words
are made up of phonemes or individual units of sound
that influence the meaning of the word. (decoding).
 It is also the ability to break down, manipulate and
blend phonemes.

5. What Research says
 Studies have shown that ability to recognize individual words
accounts for 80% of a Class 1 child’s reading comprehension
skills.
 A common mistake is that once a child learns alphabets, he will
learn the phonics on his own and become a fluent reader.
 Students who do not understand what they read usually have poor
word recognition skills
 E.g – A child struggling to understand the text.
 Changes

6. 3 cues which help them to read
 Graphophonic cues- are hints based on sound-symbol
correspondences that help readers decode and comprehend a
text.

7. Connection between decoding and
comprehension.
Phonics and Phonemic Awareness helps in Decoding
Which in turn leads to Reading fluency
Which in turn leads to Comprehension

8.  Students should be exposed to the spoken language-
 Conversations,
 stories,
 specific question and answer,
 listen to the child, look in their eyes,
 discuss the meanings.

9. Riverside Phonic program
 Begins from K-1 till
grade 1
 consonants and vowels
 blends –
 Diphthongs
 Long and short vowel
sounds

10. Step 1
Learn Letter sounds and short vowels
Learn the sound of each letter using real objects, games
and flash cards. Then combine the sounds to practice
reading words
m a
t mat run 0
s i
p sip u
r e
Demonstrate using flash cards
n

11. Step 2
Learning Beginning blends
Learn the sound and sound combinations that come at the
beginning of words. Use the beginning blends to read
words.
swim
brick
slide
crab
gras
s
frog

12. Step 3
Learning ending blends
Learn the sound and sound combinations that come at the
end of the words. Then use the beginning and ending
blends and sounds to read words.
watch
fish
sting
back
grizzly

13. Step 4
Learn the long vowel sounds
Learn the long vowel sounds and practice reading with
other combinations to make words.
brave
rain
puppy
sport
read

14. Step 5
Learning challenging sounds
Learn the unusual sound combinations and practice them
with the other sounds to read fluently.
saw
brown
shrun
k
night
house

15. Flow chart of language program
sounds and vowels 5 consonants blends and1 vowel a
month
3 letter words C-v-C – words , blend words
Sight words Grade level sight words – the , is
in, on, and….
sentences.
The cat and the rat sat on a mat
Phonic passages Show rebus reader, simple passage

16. Strategies –
 Read the letter and draw the picture of the things that begin with
that sound.
 Match the picture to the sound and vice a versa.
 Look at the picture and write the letter (sound).
 Locate the things that begin with a particular letter in the
surrounding environment.
 Treasure hunt
 Bingo
 Phonic shop
 Phonic stories
 Label the things in the environment.
 Identifying the sounds in unfamiliar text.

17. Learning the relevance of
Letter sound association
Identifying sounds

18. Notes for the teacher
•Application of Language in real world context
•How language makes them more competent and less
help ,
•Language competency is developed –
•The relevance component- using language to interact
and communicate with the world

19. Application of Phonics in real worlds

20. Referral material
 http://www.k12reader.com/what-is-phonics/
 Phonics, Phonemic awareness, sight words, reading
fluency , reading comprehension- articles
 http://www.phonicsworld.com
 http://www.phonicsworld.com/Consonantblends.h
 http://www.mrsmcgowan.com/reading/ref.htm#Co
 Reference for which other blends and word families and
a comprehensive list of words.