Prehistory refers to the time before written records. Archaeologists learn about prehistoric societies by analyzing artifacts and fossils. For example, 3.5 million year old footprints found in Africa provided evidence of early human ancestors called hominids walking upright. During the Paleolithic age, hominid species like Homo habilis and Homo erectus developed tools and technology like fire and language, allowing them to control their environments more. The Neolithic age saw the development of agriculture, as humans transitioned from nomadic hunter-gatherers to settled farmers, establishing larger permanent settlements.

1. Chapter 1 Sections 1 and 2

2. What is prehistory? History : recorded information about beliefs, activities, and important events Prehistory : the whole time period on earth before people recorded events in writing

5. “ In 1976, members of a team led by Mary Leakey discovered the fossilized footprints of human ancestors in Laetoli, Africa. The footprints were formed 3.5 million years ago when at least two individuals walked over wet volcanic ash. The wet ash hardened like cement and was then covered by more ash.” pbs.org