1. Prepared for Dr. Azrul Hazri bin Jantan Present by Zainal Abdul Kahar
JSON
Discovering JavaScript Object Notation
Review!
Computing Conversations!
By Charles Severance!
University of Michigan

2. Background
❖ Discovered by Douglas Crockford self-
appointed evangelist!
❖ Invent and applying JSON in 2001 at State
Software!
❖ Create a webpage to make it as standard!
❖ Popular format for data serialisation!
❖ Extensively use to encode data for transfer
between server and Ajax application, to
connect two servers communicating via
web services

3. Introduction
❖ JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data-
interchange format. It is easy for humans to read and write
and easy for machines to parse and generate!
❖ It is based on a subset of the JavaScript Programming
Language!
❖ JSON is a text format that is completely language
independent but uses conventions that are familiar to
programmers of the C-family of languages, including C, C+
+, C#, Java, JavaScript, Perl, Python, and many others

4. Data exchange
❖ The most common structures use in programming are scalar variables, linear
lists and key-value pair!
❖ JSON represents these structures in a form of direct serialisation!
❖ Greatly reduce the mismatch between in memory structure in application
and the serialisation format!
❖ JSON is convenient and efficient!
❖ Using JSON in JavaScript gives advantage compared of using other format
such as XML

5. JSON vs XML
❖ It is a constant debate between JSON and XML for the right formatting for
data representation!
❖ XML is an enterprise solution with many toolset for manipulation!
❖ JSON slowly displacing XML as the preferred way for data exchange!
❖ JSON has the natural advantage as a serialisation format which exactly the
same as data structures that programming language represent

6. JSON vs XML
❖ The number of new API using JSON is increasing and displacing XML

7. XML vs JSON

8. JSON Structure
❖ JSON is built on two structures:!
❖ A collection of name/value pairs. In various languages, this is realised as
an object, record, struct, dictionary, hash table, keyed list, or associative
array.!
❖ An ordered list of values. In most languages, this is realised as an array,
vector, list, or sequence.

9. JSON Structure
Source JSON.ORG

10. JSON Structure

12. TEST CODE

13. Raw Data
Data extracted from VB.net Server

14. Security
❖ Although JSON is intended solely as a data serialisation format, its design as
a non-strict subset of the JavaScript scripting language poses several security
concerns. These concerns centre on the use of a JavaScript interpreter to
execute JSON text dynamically as embedded JavaScript. This exposes a
program to errant or malicious scripts. This is a serious issue when dealing
with data retrieved from the Internet.

15. Future of JSON
❖ According to Charles, once the programmer switch to JSON, they seldom get
back to XML!
❖ The more programmers use JSON, the requirement for schema for JSON’s
object grows!
❖ There are effort to add value to JSON without changing it such as “JSON for
linked data”.