ecosystem services versus commercial forestry
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I used this presentation during the TBLI Europe 2012 conference in Zurich on 8 November. I argue that investors should start valuing the non-use value of forests! There are 4 examples in the presentation which demonstrate that non-use values might deliver more than exploiting nature! The presentation is divided into 4 parts: introducing PAN Parks and how we define wilderness introducing the concept of economics of wilderness through payment for ecosystem services presenting 4 examples across Europe explaining the sense of urgency to safeguard Europe's last pieces of wilderness Investors! Change your way of thinking and go for wilderness!
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ecosystem services versus commercial forestry
- 1. Soomaa NP © Arne Ader
- 2. THE ECONOMICS OF WILDERNESS Payment for Ecosystem Services vs Commercial Forestry Zoltan KUN, Executive Director PAN Parks Foundation Paanajärvi NP © Viktor Gritsuk
- 3. Who we are • PAN Parks works to protect Europe’s wilderness , the continent’s most undisturbed areas of nature • the first European-wide organisation focusing on the protection of wilderness areas Paanajärvi NP ©Viktor Gritsuk
- 4. How to define wilderness? NO extractive use such as: •hunting •fishing •mining •logging •grazing •grass cutting •road and building construction is allowed in wilderness Fulufjallet NP © Vitantonio Dell’Orto
- 5. Fulufjället NP © Vitantonio Dell’Orto/exuviaphoto.com
- 6. Peneda-Geres NP © Marcos Veiga
- 7. Archipelago NP © Janne Görling
- 8. Archipelago NP © Janne Görling
- 9. Borjomi-Kharagauli NP © Konstantin Gabrichidze
- 10. Oulanka NP © Kimmo Salminen
- 11. Soomaa NP © Arne Ader
- 12. Wilderness Quality Index of Europe • Based on GIS data sets (road density, population density, etc...) • Management practice is not considered!
- 13. The European Wilderness Preservation System
- 14. The Economics of Wilderness Why dealing with the economics of wilderness? • the European Parliament calls on the Commission and Member States to co-operate with local non-governmental organisations to promote the value of wilderness (point 6); Borjomi-Kharagauli NP © Kote Gabrichidze
- 15. The Economics of Wilderness Wilderness is not a priceless heritage for future generations! • Europeans are not valuing wilderness as much as they should! Oulanka NP ©Michael Hennemann
- 16. Insert Braat and Ten Brink figure about the inkage between land use and level of ecosystem services
- 17. The Economics of Wilderness Making wilderness areas financially viable means seizing opportunities of emerging markets for ecosystem services • Payments for Ecosystem Services Rila NP © Nicolas Cegalerba
- 18. The Economics of Wilderness To protect wilderness we need to diversify incomes • payments for carbon offset • payments for water-related and nature disaster mitigation • peatbog restoration • payments for recreational services Archipelago NP © Heidi Arponen
- 19. The Economics of Wilderness Examples • Economic impact of Finnish National Parks • Wild Nephin managed by Coiltte • The valuation of Tatra, and Slovensky raj • Sveaskog Ecoparks Oulanka NP ©Hannu Hautala
- 20. The Economics of Wilderness Economic impact of Finnish National Parks through visitation • 85 M EUR / year • 1,100 man-year • visitor related income in Oulanka NP 14,7 M EUR http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2010/mw p149.pdf
- 21. The Economics of Wilderness Location Atlantic Ocean Wild Nephin Mayo Ireland Westport
- 22. The Economics of Wilderness Public Good Values Type of value Low range Mid range High range Individual use €145,000 €225,000 €528,000 value Existence & €270,000 €450,000 €1,056,000 bequest values Option values €225,000 €450,000 €1,056,000 Indirect values Tourist income €75,000 €150,000 €225,000
- 23. The Economics of Wilderness Tatra and Slovensky raj National Park • Conclusion: the smaller park with better management practice creates higher value Reasonale mean value 740,327 k EUR / year No extractive use!
- 24. The Economics of Wilderness Sveaskog’s example • Ecoparks are large connected ecological landscapes • important outdoor pursuits forests, providing many opportunities for different activities • 36 ecoparks planned in Sweden more information at http://www.sveaskog.se/en/forestry-and- environment/nature-conservation/eco-parks/
- 25. Annual land take in Europe between 2000-2006 was over 111,000 ha/year
- 26. If increases with the current trend, we will have 5% artificial surface by 2017 4% of Europe is 4% of Europe is covered by covered by artificial surface in artificial surface in 2006 2006 The size equal to The size equal to Crete was Crete was covered by covered by concrete in 77 concrete in years (2000-2006) years (2000-2006) Our goal: 5% of Our goal: 5% of Europe must be Europe must be wilderness wilderness
- 27. The Million Project To ensure guaranteed protection of 1 million hectares of wilderness in Europe by 2015 Archipelago NP © Seppo Keränen
- 28. The Economics of Wilderness Building partnerships with protected areas • Making a commitment to resolve a major challenge • Improving wilderness management in partner protected areas (biodiversity offsets) • Biz & Biodiversity EU Majella NP ©MNP programme
- 29. Join us in The Million Project! We can protect (and still benefit from) the last pieces of Europe’s wilderness together! Paanajärvi NP ©Viktor Gritsuk
- 30. PAN Parks works to protect Europe’s wilderness, the continent’s most undisturbed areas of nature www.panparks.org
Notas do Editor
- I will speak about our roadmap to change and how we (together with you) enhance wilderness protection in Europe.
- But do we actually deliver on this if we keep focusing only on verification?
- Wilderness is a human concept, which can be interpreted in a very different ways depending on cultural and / or national background. Therefore the understanding of wilderness will always be very emotional. Nature conservation or protected areas in most continent started with the protection of what was left relatively untouched. The designation of protected areas got a boost in Europe after the 70s when IUCN introduced the new protected area categories (IV, V and VI) which applied much more to the European context. Wilderness was almost a forgotten category in Europe. Quite often 1% of Europe’s territory is stated as wilderness. However the existing data sets are misleading. However in order to apply the PES or develop policies, there is a need for a broadly accepted technical definition
- There is marine wilderness ...
- Fabulous mountains also host wild areas ...
- Highlight that these maps were produced not on the basis of checking the actual management practice. So the maps very often present opportunities or human perceptions of European citizens
- The Message from Prague also ask for actions quantification of the value of non-extractive economic benefits identify and promote the linkage of ecosystem services to wilderness key economic dimensions, challenges and opportunities of wilderness areas in E urope. TEEB report not penetrated yet into PA management particular importance to define the ecosystem services and potential payment methods for wilderness
- Communications is an essential part of our work to raise professional and public support for wilderness protection. Creating positive protection of wilderness could be the basis of successful protection In order to do this we use the parks of the network as examples of the best of Europe’s wilderness ‘ You can go there and experience wilderness yourself, earn about it in the field’
- We need to argue that the more natural the area is the higher value and ecosystem services potential it has. Wilderness management is not only more sustainable in terms of financing management practice, but can potentially bring more ecosystem services value.
- Independently
- We welcome not only protected areas to join our campaign for wilderness, but also researchers to develop a strategic European wilderness research agenda.