VMware vSphere5.1 Training

VMware vSphere 5.1

零壹科技 Josh.wang

© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved

Agenda

vSphere 5.1

Welcome

01. Virtualization 09. High Availability
02. ESXi 10. Fault Tolerance
03. vCenter 11. DRS / DPM
04. vSphere Client / Web Client 12 vCenter Management
05. Virtual Machine Management 13. Others
06. Networking
07. vStorage
08. vMotion / Storage vMotion

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Copyright © 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. VMware products are covered by one or more patents listed at http://www.vmware.com/go/patents.

Agenda

vSphere 5.1

Welcome

06. Networking
07. vStorage

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伺服器虛擬化的基礎概念

虛擬化前:
虛擬化前: 虛擬化後:
虛擬化後:
每台主機一個操作系統打破了操作系統跟硬體間的相互依存性
dependency)
(Breaking Hardware/OS dependency)
軟體硬體緊密地結合
透過壓縮到虛擬機的技術,
透過壓縮到虛擬機的技術, 管理操作系
在同一主機上運行多個應用程式通常會統和應用程式化成單一的個體
遭遇衝突 Encapsulation)
(Encapsulation)
未充分利用系統的資源強大的故障和安全隔離 (Isolation)Isolation)
硬體成本高昂而且不夠靈活虛擬機是硬體獨立的,
虛擬機是硬體獨立的, 它們能在任何硬
independent)
體上運行 (Hardware independent)

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vSphere Components

• vSphere is a distributed software
system with features enabled by
a management server and
hypervisor working together
• VMware vCenter Server is the
management server and cluster
coordinator (1 instance required) VMware ESX / ESXi VMware ESX / ESXi VMware ESX / ESXi

• VMware ESXi is the hypervisor
software running on each host (1
instance per server required)

vSphere editions are the licensed features enabled by
vCenter Server working with ESXi

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雲端作業系統的技術障礙已經慢慢被克服

Application’s Performance Requirements

95% of Apps VMware Inf. VMware VMware
ESX 1 ESX 2
Require 3.0/3.5 vSphere 4 vSphere 5.1

CPU 1 to 2 CPUs 1 VCPUs 2 VCPUs 4 VCPUs 8 VCPUs 64VCPUs
% of Applications

Memory < 4 GB at peak 2 GB per VM 3.6 GB per VM 16/64 GB per VM 256 GB per VM 1,000 GB per VM

Network <2.4 Mb/s <.5Gb/s .9 Gb/s 9 Gb/s 30 Gb/s >40Gb/s

IOPS < 10,000 <5,000 7,000 100,000 300,000 1,000,000/VM

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vSphere 5.1 的最新內容

• 單一登入 (vCD、vShield、vCenter)
、、 • 增強的 vCenter Orchestrator
vCenter Server 5.1
• vSphere Web Client

• Data Protection
• vSphere Replication
• Storage DRS 和設定
• vMotion 不含共用儲
• vShield Endpoint 檔導向儲存使用 VCD
存裝置
• 增強的 Auto Deploy
• VMware Tools 的零停
機時間升級

可用性安全性自動化

VMware
vSphere 5.1
運算儲存裝置網路

• 硬體第 9 版 • 增強的分散式交換器
• 64 向 SMP • VDI 的儲存裝置空間
資源取回 • SR-IOV 支援
1 TB 虛擬機

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vSphere 5.1 Kits and Editions

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版本系列：
vSphere 5.1 版本系列：Enterprise
vSphere 5.1 的新功能或改進功能 Standard Enterprise Enterprise+

使用權限
• vRAM 使用權限無限制無限制無限制
• vCPU/虛擬機 8向 32 向 64 向
功能
• High Availability
• Data Protection
• vMotion
• Hot Add
• vShield Zones
• Fault Tolerance (1 vCPU)
• Storage vMotion
• 虛擬序列連接埠集中器
• 陣列整合的儲存 API、多重路徑
• Distributed Resource Scheduler 和 Distributed Power Management
• 分散式交換器
• I/O 控制 (網路與儲存裝置)
• 主機設定檔與自動部署
• Storage DRS 和設定檔導向儲存
• SR-IOV
• vShield Endpoint

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Copyright © 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. This product Manager、U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. VMware products are covered by one or more patents listed at http://www.vmware.com/go/patents.
所有版本包括：Thin Provisioning、Update is protected by Storage API for Data Protection、Image Profile，以及 SLES (Ess 和 Ess + 除外)

版本系列：
vSphere 5.1 版本系列：SMB
搭載
Standard (搭載
vSphere 5.1 的新功能或改進功能 Essentials Essentials+ Standard Operations Management)

使用權限
• vRAM 使用權限無限制無限制無限制無限制
• vCPU/虛擬機 8向 8向 8向 8向
功能
• High Availability
• Data Protection
• vMotion
• vSphere Storage Appliance
• Hot Add
• vShield Zones
• Fault Tolerance (1 vCPU)
• Storage vMotion
• 虛擬序列連接埠集中器
• 陣列整合的儲存 API、多重路徑
• Distributed Resource Scheduler & DPM
• 分散式交換器
• I/O 控制 (網路與儲存裝置)
• 主機設定檔與自動部署
• Storage DRS 和設定檔導向儲存
• SR-IOV
• vShield Endpoint
• vCOPs Advanced
• S-10
vCenter Protect
Copyright © 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. This product Manager、U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. VMware products are covered by one or more patents listed at http://www.vmware.com/go/patents.
所有版本包括：Thin Provisioning、Update is protected by Storage API for Data Protection、Image Profile，以及 SLES (Ess 和 Ess + 除外)

Agenda

vSphere 5.1

Welcome

06. Networking
07. vStorage

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業界第一虛擬平台
VMware Infrastructure – 業界第一虛擬平台

VMware 多個虛擬機之間實现
CPU和記憶體分區
Dynamic Resource High Consolidated
Scheduling Availability Back-up

虛擬機儲存在內建或共
VirtualCenter 享儲存設備，VMFS叢
Virtual Machines 集文件系統

在ESX伺服器内或跨
ESX
ESX ESX ESX ESX ESX ESX ESX
Server Server Server Server Server Server Server ESX伺服器建立網路支
Server Farm
持Teaming, VLAN

Network

Storage

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VMware vSphere Architecture

vSphere Client
vCenter Converter plug-in
Update Manager plug-in vCenter
Database

Datastores

vCenter Server ESX/ESXi Host
vCenter Linked Mode
“Cluster”

vSphere Web Client vCenter Server
(Browser)* vCenter Orchestrator Datastores
vCenter Converter
Guided Consolidation “Datacenter”
vCenter
Database Update Manager
vSphere vSphere vSphere
Management CLI PowerCLI
Assistant Update Manager
(vMA) Database

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VMware vSphere Components

ESXi Host
• Hypervisor running VMs
• Organized into clusters
• Accesses shared storage datastores

Datastores

ESXi Host

“Cluster”

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ESXi Hardware Requirements

Supported server platform. For a list of supported platforms, see the
VMware Compatibility Guide at ：
http://www.vmware.com/resources/compatibility.
■ ESXi 5.0 will install and run only on servers with 64-bit x86 CPUs.
■ ESXi 5.0 requires a host machine with at least two cores.
■ Known 64-bit processors ：
■ All AMD Opteron processors.
■ All Intel Xeon 3000/3200, 3100/3300, 5100/5300, 5200/5400,
5500/5600, 7100/7300, 7200/7400, and 7500 processors
■ 2GB RAM minimum. Provide at least 8GB of RAM to take full
advantage of ESXi features and run virtual machines in typical production
environments.
■ One or more Gigabit or 10Gb Ethernet controllers.

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How to Upgrade vSphere

1. Upgrade to vCenter Server 5
2. Upgrade to Update Manager 5
3. Install vSphere Client 5.and Install Update Manager Plug-In
4. Use Upgrade Manager to Update to ESXi 5.
5. Upgrade VMFS3 Datastore to VMFS5 Datastore
6. Upgrade Virtual Machine Hardware 8
7. Upgrade VMware Tools

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ESXi Console

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Agenda

vSphere 5.1

Welcome

06. Networking
07. vStorage

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vCenter Server
• Centralized manager of ESX/ESXi hosts
• Runs as Windows services on physical or virtual server
• Connects with:
vCenter database (SQL Server or Oracle)
Windows Active Directory (required for Linked Mode)
• Integrates with optional server/client plug-ins

vCenter Server
vCenter Orchestrator
vCenter Converter
Guided Consolidation
vCenter
Database Update Manager

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vSphere Components on DVD

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單一登入

簡介

在 vCenter Server 中單次登入而非多次
登入

vCenter vCO
監視清單
服務
vSphere
網路用戶端
vSphere 解決方案優勢

vSphere
更快速的操作
驗證
授權稽核平台
(單一登入)
服務
較不複雜
Active 開放
NIS
本機作業客戶多重身分服務的支援
Directory LDAP 系統使用者身分資源

適合其他 VMware 的未來基本建構元件
產品和解決方案

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vCenter Server 5.1 – Login Experience

Users connect to
Identity Service
for Cloud
Infrastructure
Suite, not
不再需要輸入
vCenter individual
? vCenter’s.

Connect from any
site – Identity
service instances
are multi site
aware.

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Configuring vCenter Single Sign On Server

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vCenter Server Upgrade to 5.1

Single Sign On Service
• Database needs to be created before SSO install
• SSO needs to be installed before upgrade of existing components ( Advanced
Install )
• Upgrade process will install SSO first ( Simple Install )
Inventory Service
• Upgrade will retain settings from previous installed version
• Single Sign On should be installed before Inventory Service upgrade.
vCenter Server
• Upgrade will retain settings from previous installed version
• Single Sign On and Inventory Service should be installed before vCenter
Server upgrade.
• vCenter Orchestrator will be upgraded along with vCenter Server.

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Introducing vCenter Server Appliance

The vCenter Server Appliance is the answer!
• Simplifies Deployment and Configuration
• Streamlines patching and upgrades
• Reduces the TCO for vCenter

Enables companies to respond to business faster!
VMware
vCenter Server

Automation Visibility

Scalability

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vCenter Server Appliance Deployment

Simply deploy from a OVF template!
• Install takes ~5 minutes (compared to ~15 for Windows version)

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New Features in the VCVA

A few new features have been added to the vCenter Server Virtual
Appliance
These can be seen in the vCenter Server Tab in the Summary
section
The following components can be configured
• Database
• SSO
• Ports
• Authentication
• Services

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Agenda

vSphere 5.1

Welcome

06. Networking
07. vStorage

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vSphere Client
• Primary interface for administration
• Runs locally on a Windows machine
• Connects to vCenter Server or directly to an ESX/ESXi host

vSphere Client

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VMware vSphere Client Modes

Connect to vCenter Server
• Global view
• Centralized Windows user credentials
• vSphere objects and functionality
Connect to Individual ESX/ESXi Host
• Per-host view
• ESX/ESXi host-specific user credentials

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VMware vSphere Client Home Menu

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Inventory: Hosts and Clusters
Visible from vCenter Inventory only
vCenter Server
• Folder
• Datacenter Top Level vCenter Server
Cluster Folder
- Host Datacenter
Cluster
- VM
Host
- vApp
- VM Resource Pool
- VM Virtual Machine (VM)
vApp
- Resource pool
- VM
- VM

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Inventory: VMs and Templates
vCenter Server
• Folder
• Datacenter
Folder Top Level vCenter Server
- VM Folder
Datacenter
- vApp
Folder
- VM
VM
- VM
- Template
VM
vApp
Template

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Inventory: Datastores
vCenter Server
• Folder
• Datacenter
Datastore
Top Level vCenter Server
Folder
Datacenter
Datastore

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Inventory: Networking
vCenter Server
• Folder
• Datacenter
Distributed Virtual Switch
- dvSwitch PortGroups
- dvSwitch Uplinks
vSwitch

Top Level vCenter Server
Folder
Datacenter
Distributed Virtual Switch
dvPortGroup
dvSwitch Uplink
vSwitch

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網路用戶端

Inventory 簡介
Object Objects 建立自訂動作
Navigator vSphere 的全新改良介面，能提供：
標籤瀏覽器介面的使用體驗
自訂加註標籤
延展性
增強的工作流程管理

優勢

平台獨立性
以特定商務案例為基礎的標記

Portlet 管理更多物件以及相較於以往 3 倍以上的
作用中工作階段
新增按右鍵側邊列即使在最複雜的工作流程或工作中，也能
延伸功能延伸功能暫停和恢復

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Agenda

vSphere 5.1

Welcome

06. Networking
07. vStorage

S-37

vSphere 5.1 – Virtual Machine Updates

Description Benefits

• 64 vCPUs per VM • Virtualize large workloads with confidence
• Run high performance 3D graphics apps in VMs / VDI
• Reduce cost per VDI desktop
• Virtual GPU (vGPU)
• Greater storage efficiency
• Continue to leverage latest CPU HW acceleration
features to deliver highest performance
• Guest OS Storage
Reclamation

• Improved CPU 64 vCPUs 1TB RAM
virtualization

Reclaim storage Hardware 3D
space from graphics support
deleted files

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Virtual Machine Creation

When you create a New Virtual Machine, adding Network Adapters
honour these MAC Address Allocation types
• In our example we have used Prefix-based allocation type
Automatic MAC Address Manual MAC Address

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Virtual Motherboard of a VM

Audio Up to 3 Parallel Up to 4
USB (N/A) Ports Serial Ports
Up to 4
IDE Devices
Virtual Phoenix BIOS
Up to 2
Intel 440BX-Based
1.44MB
Virtual Motherboard
Floppy Drives

Up to 40
VM Consoles

Up to
1024GB
Memory

Up to 32 CPUs
Up to 10 Network Adapters
Up to 4 SCSI Controllers
With Up to 15 Devices Each Up to 2TB SCSI Disk

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Key VMware vSphere Features

Hot Add Virtual Devices
• Hot add
CPU
Memory
• Hot add or remove
Storage devices
Network devices

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New Virtual Machine…

Configuration
• Typical or custom
Name and Location
Resource Pool
Datastore
Guest Operating System
Create a Disk
Ready to Complete

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Custom VM Configuration Options

Virtual Machine Version
• Version 7 or 8
Devices
• CPU (number)
• Memory (MB)
• Network
Number, virtual network, connect at power on
• Disk
SCSI controller
Select or create a virtual disk
Advanced disk options

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Hard Disk Options

Thick
• Pre-allocated disk space
40GB
• Physical disk size = virtual disk size
Thin
• VM sees full logical disk at all times
40GB

• Physical disk size = used disk size
• Physical disk size grows as used 20GB

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Edit Settings… of a Virtual Machine
Hardware
• Memory
• CPUs
• Video card
• VMCI device
• Floppy drive
• CD/DVD drive
• Network adapter
• SCSI controller
• Hard disk
Options
• General
• vApp options
• VMware Tools
• Power management
• Advanced
Resources

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Installing a Guest Operating System

Install Guest OS
• Media options
Client device
Host device
Datastore ISO/floppy image file
PXE client network boot
• Power on and install
Install VMware Tools
• Optimized drivers
• Install in running Guest OS

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vSphere 5.1 - VMware Tools Updates

Upgrade VMware Tools with reduced downtime
Improved driver management allows for fewer VM reboots when upgrading
Windows Guest Only (Vista and later) running with default configuration
Note:
- Upgrading to VMware Tools 5.1 = Reboot required
- Upgrading beyond VMware Tools 5.1 = Reboot not required

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VM Console

Administrative KVM Access
• Console has a single unique session
• Multiple sessions share video and control
• Closing/exiting VM console does not power off VM

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Virtual Machine Power Options

Power
• Power On
• Power Off
• Suspend
• Reset
Integration with
VMware Tools
• Power Off =
Shut Down Guest

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VM Snapshot

Point-in-Time VM State Capture
• Hard disks (all)
• VM settings
• Memory (optional)
Snapshot Actions
• Take
• Revert
• Go to
• Delete

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Clone…

Copy an Existing VM or vApp
• Copies exactly by default
• Option to customize Guest OS
• VMs can be powered on
• vApp must be powered off

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Template

Master to Provision New VMs
• Used to deploy many new VMs
• VM that cannot be powered on
• Option to customize Guest OS
Creating Templates
• VM: clone to template…
• VM: convert to template…
• Existing template: clone
Updating Templates
• Convert to VM…, update, then convert to template…

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Agenda

vSphere 5.1

Welcome

06. Networking
07. vStorage

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Virtual Networking

Standard Virtual Switch (vSwitch)
• Defined within host
• Connects to physical adapter(s)
0, 1, 2 or more uplinks (up to 32)
Active or standby
View within single host
• Virtual machine Port group
Virtual machine Network Port Physical
Groups Adapters
Virtual
Virtual Machine Switch
• VMkernel Port Port Group
— Management
vmnic0
— VMotion, iSCSI, NFS,FT VMkernel Port

• Supports VLAN tagging
vmnic1

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分散式交換器

簡介

分散式交換器現在提供：
網路健康檢查
組態備份與還原
回復及復原
LACP 支援

vSphere vSphere vSphere
優勢

對實體及虛擬網路狀態的可見性
備份與復原網路設定
從失去的連線或不正確的組態設定中快速
復原

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SR-IOV

Single Root IO Virtualization (SR-IOV) Support
Standard that allows one PCI express (PCIe) adapter to be presented as
multiple separate logical IO devices.
Customers who want to offload IO processing to the adapters and reduce
network latency can make use of this feature.
vSphere vMotion, vSphere FT, and vSphere HA features are not available to
the customers when this feature is selected.

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內建安全管理設定

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Agenda

vSphere 5.1

Welcome

06. Networking
07. vStorage

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vStorage Thin Provisioning vCompute vStorage vNetwork

應用程式應用程式應用程式
作業系統作業系統作業系統
虛擬機磁碟只會佔用使用中的
ESX 實體空間
虛擬機隨時都能檢視完整的
強力
20GB
精簡
40GB
精簡邏輯磁碟大小
100GB

虛擬磁碟 20GB 完整報告和警示資源配置和
20GB
消耗量
40GB

大幅提高儲存裝置使用率
100GB
不需超額佈建虛擬磁碟
資料儲存區
削減高達 50% 的儲存裝置成本

60GB

20GB

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使用 VMFS 建立有效的儲存抽象層 vCompute vStorage vNetwork

應用程式應用程式應用程式
作業系統作業系統作業系統
不停機擴充虛擬磁碟
ESX 線上擴充虛擬磁碟
回應迅速，不停機就能擴充需求
擴充 8G 的虛擬磁碟
加入新的虛擬磁碟

虛擬磁碟 20GB 20GB
擴充 10G 的虛擬磁碟增加 VMFS 磁區大小
資料儲存區不變在建立 VMFS 磁區的 LUN 上擴充磁區
VMFS 磁區增加
資料儲存區 40GB
以擴大資料儲存區協助增加更多的虛擬機到現有的磁區
VMFS 磁區增加
以擴大資料儲存區協助虛擬機因應資料成長

LUN 100GB 提高彈性來簡化資源規劃

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Virtual Storage

VMFS Datastore
• Shared VM file system
• Block-level access by ESX/ESXi
• Supported devices
Local disk (not shared storage)
Fibre Channel SAN
iSCSI SAN
- HBA
- ESX/ESXi software initiator via VMkernel network port
• Formats
.vmdk
RDM (raw device mapping) to underlying LUN

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Virtual Storage

NFS Datastore
• Shared directory on NFS server
• File-level access by ESX/ESXi
• Limitations
No RDM

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I/O 共用問題
• 低優先順序 VM 可能限制高優先順序 VM 的 I/O 頻寬
• 儲存 I/O 分配應與 VM 優先順序相符

現況期望狀況

Microsoft 線上儲存區 Microsoft 資料探勘
線上儲存區資料探勘
Exchange Exchange

資料儲存區資料儲存區

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啟用儲存 I/O 控制

儲存 I/O 控制
已啟用

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儲存 I/O 控制實例：

兩台 Windows VM 在兩台主機上執行 SQL Server
• 250 GB 資料磁碟、50 GB 記錄磁碟
VM1：500 權重
：
VM2：2000 權重
：

結果：權重較多的 VM2 每分鐘處理的程序較多，而且較少延遲！

無儲存 I/O 控制有儲存 I/O 控制
程序/每分鐘
程序每分鐘毫秒)
毫秒程序/每分鐘毫秒)
處理時間 (毫秒程序每分鐘處理時間 (毫秒
毫秒
VM1 8800 213 7000 275
(500 權重)

VM2 8500 220 12400 150
(2000 權重)

綜合 17300 19400

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