This slideshow is an endeavour to inculcate awareness and educate the youth and their parents about the usage, identification and affects of Narcotics (Opiods) Abuse.

1. Affects of Substance Abuse
on Mental Health
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-ND.
Opioids (Narcotics)

2. Opioids
(Narcotics) Abuse
The term Opioid describes any natural
or synthetic drug that has Morphine -
like actions.
Such drugs are also referred to as
narcotic analgesics (narcotic pain-
killers). The principal medical use of
such drugs is for the relief of pain.
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-ND.

3. Opioids (Narcotics ) Abuse
Opioids can be grouped in three classifications:
a. Natural Substances (opium, morphine, and codeine);
b. Semisynthetic drugs (drugs produced through minor chemical
alterations of the basic poppy product (heroin is an example);
c. Synthetic Analgesics (meperidine and propoxyphene).
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-ND.
Opium, Morphine, Heroin, Methadone, and Meperidine (Demerol®) are all examples of Opioids.

4. Opioids
(Narcotics)
Abuse
Signs and Symptoms of Opioids
i. An Analgesic (a pain killer)
ii. A Hypnotic (sleep producer)
iii. A Euphoriant (good-feeling producer)

6. Result of Chronic Opioids Use
• The price tag on the abuse of
opioids is high
• Chronic use may lead to both
physical and psychological
dependence

7. Result of Chronic Opioids (Narcotic)
Use
• Psychological dependence is the more
serious of the two because the user can
still be psychologically dependent on the
drug even after he stops using the drug.
• The person who uses the drug
chronically develops tolerance and finds
he needs ever-increasing doses to get
the desired feelings.
As the need for the drug increases, the user's activities become more drug-centered.
When drug supplies are cut off, the user suffers withdrawal symptoms.

8. Intoxication and
Overdose
Decreased urine output
Pinpoint nonreactive pupils
Constipation
Sex hormone levels depressed
Menstrual cycles in heroin addicts change
Wheals or hives at an injection site/generalized
itching/decreased blood pressure

9. Intoxication and
Overdose
Respiratory arrest is possible
Coma occurs if the dosage of
the drug is high
Subnormal temperature
Hypoventilation

10. Withdrawal
When a person addicted to
Opioids (narcotics) does not get a
dose of the drug within roughly
eight hours, the individual begins
to experience withdrawal
symptoms.

11. Withdrawal
Signs and
Symptoms
The nature of withdrawal and the
severity of the symptoms depend on the
particular opioid involved, the total
daily dose, how long the opioid has
been used, and the health and
personality structure of the user
Generally, the shorter the drug effects
last, then the shorter and more intense
is the withdrawal time

12. Withdrawal
Signs and
Symptoms
• Withdrawal symptoms for Opioids begin
from 3 to 48 hours after the last Opioid
used
• Meperidine withdrawal begins about three
hours after the last dose
• Morphine/heroin withdrawal begins about
eight hours after the last dose, and
methadone withdrawal begins about 24
hours after the last dose
• Lacrimation
• Rhinorrhea
• Sweating
• Nausea and vomiting
• Hyperventilation
• Elevated pulse and blood pressure

14. Intoxication and Overdose
• Intestinal spasms
• Diarrhea
• "Goose flesh"
• pH imbalances
• Dehydration

15. Emergency
Treatment for
Opioid Abuse
Monitor Monitor the patient's cardiac rhythm
Administer Administer Naloxone NARCAN IV 0.4 mg
Initiate Initiate an IV with D5W
Administer Administer oxygen
Maintain Maintain the airway