How did it all started - infections. surgeons

2. Lectures details
• History and background of infection in Surgery
• Significance of Hand hygiene / guidelines
• Surgical site infection / guidelines
• Prophylaxis and use of Antibiotics
• Common Surgical infections and their management -1
• Common Surgical Infections and their management – 2

3. PHYSIOLOGY AND PRESENTATION
• Background
• Egyptian Mummification
• The Hippocratic teachings – Wine and vinegar

5. PHYSIOLOGY AND PRESENTATION
• Background
• Egyptian Mummification
• The Hippocratic teachings – Wine and vinegar
• Galen

7. Caliph Harun al- Rasheed
Ar-Rashid (1109–1138 AD).

8. PHYSIOLOGY AND PRESENTATION
• Background
• Egyptian Mummification- EGYPT
• The Hippocratic teachings – Wine and vinegar- GREEK
• Galen- ROME
• Ignaz Semmelweis - AUSTRIA
• Robert Koch – Anthrax / typhoid/ Tuberculosis

10. Ignaz Semmelweis - AUSTRIA
• deadly malady known as “childbed” or puerperal (from the Latin
words for child and parent) fever.
• In the mid-19th century, about five women in 1,000 died in deliveries
performed by midwives or at home.
• The maternal death rate was often 10 to 20 times greater.
http://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/ignaz-semmelweis-doctor-prescribed-hand-washing/

11. Childbed fever
• “a miserable end it was: raging fevers, putrid pus emanating from the
birth canal, painful abscesses in the abdomen and chest, and an
irreversible descent into an absolute hell of sepsis and death — all
within 24 hours of the baby’s birth.”

12. Cause – Curriculum - Anatomy
• Medical students and their professors at the elite teaching hospitals
of this era typically began their day performing barehanded autopsies

13. Cause – Curriculum - Anatomy
• Medical students and their professors at the elite teaching hospitals
of this era typically began their day performing barehanded autopsies
• Most commonly women dying within the past 24 hours

14. Cause – Curriculum - Anatomy
• Medical students and their professors at the elite teaching hospitals
of this era typically began their day performing barehanded autopsies
• Most commonly women dying within the past 24 hours
• Coming to maternity for deliveries

15. “ Morbid Poison”

17. Published in 1861

18. PHYSIOLOGY AND PRESENTATION
• Background
• Egyptian Mummification
• The Hippocratic teachings – Wine and vinegar
• Galen
• Ignaz Semmelweis
• Robert Koch’s postulate

20. Louis Pasteur
France

21. Joseph Lister
The broken bones (1866)

23. Surgical Site Infections
• SSIs occur within the first 30 days after the operation if no implant is
placed or within 1 year if an implant remains