1. COUNSELING
KRISTINE MAE S. MERCADO
III-26 BS PSYCHOLOGY

2. What is
COUNSELING?
It is …
 Part of the helping relationship
 Personal relationship
(Dinkmeyer,1966)
 Open-ended face-to-face
problem solving situation
(Glanz,1955)
 Process of establishing specific
objectives and changes or
learning the behavior
(Stefflre)
 Counseling in a face to face
relationship (Tolbert, 1959)

3. What is
COUNSELING?
It is …
 Process which the structure of
the self is relaxed in the
safety of the relationship
with the counselor and the
previously denied
experiences are perceived
and then integrated into an
altered self (Rogers, 1950).
 Interaction process which
facilitates meaningful
understanding of self and
environment (Blocker, 1966)

4. What is
COUNSELING?
It is …
 Refers to a variety of
procedures systematically
undertaken by a counselor
to promote specific changes
on the behavior of clients
(Thoresen, 1969)
 Providing conditions which
facilitate voluntary change
(Toribio, 1976)

5. What COUNSELING is not?
It is not …








Giving advice
Guidance
Education
Conversation
Interrogation
Confession
Prayer
Information
giving
 Ongoing
therapy

6. COUNSELING Principles
1. Counseling is based on the recognition of the dignity and
worth of the individual and on his right to personal
assistance in time of need.
2. Counseling is a client-centered being concerned with the
optimum development of the whole person and the fullest
realization of his potentials for individual and social ends.
3. Counseling is a continuous, sequential, and educational
process.
4. Counseling has a responsibility to society as well as to the
individual.
5. Counseling must respect the right of every person to accept
or refuse the services it offers.

7. COUNSELING Principles
6. Counseling is oriented around cooperation not compulsion.
7. Counseling implies assistance given by persons in making
wise decisions, plans, interpretations and adjustment in the
critical situation in life.
8. Counseling requires a comprehensive study of the individual
in his cultural setting by the use of every scientific technique
available.
9. Counseling is focused on helping the individual realize and
actualize his best self, rather than solving isolated problems.
10. Counseling is to be effective must be scientifically evaluated.