Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by difficulties with social interaction and communication, and restrictive or repetitive behaviors. Common signs include challenges with social cues, eye contact, speech, and intense interests. It is likely caused by genetic and environmental factors. Diagnosis involves healthcare professionals assessing criteria like social communication deficits and repetitive behaviors. While there is no cure, early diagnosis allows for therapies to help communication, behaviors, and independence so autistic people can lead full lives with support.

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2. Autism, or Autism Spectrum Disorder
(ASD), is a developmental disorder
characterized by communication
difficulties, social interaction
challenges, and repetitive behaviors.
Symptoms can include delayed
speech, lack of eye contact, difficulty
understanding social cues, and an
intense interest in specific topics.
What is
Autism?

3. Common Signs and
Symptoms
Difficulties in social interaction
Engagement in repetitive actions and
strict routines
A strong fixation on specific topics or
objects
Increased or diminished sensory
responses
Unique abilities and challenges within the
autism spectrum

4. Causes and Risk
Factors
Having an immediate family member who’s
autistic
Advanced paternal age at time of
conception.
Maternal prenatal exposure to certain
chemicals and drugs.
Autism is most likely caused by a combination
of genetic and environmental factors.

5. Diagnostic Process: A multidisciplinary approach
involving healthcare professionals such as paediatricians,
psychologists, and psychiatrists.
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Criteria: Based on the Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), Social
communication and interaction, as well as restricted and
repetitive behaviours, are core domains
Differential Diagnosis: Consider other conditions that
have similar symptoms: Intellectual disabilities, language
disorders, and ADHD Ensure accurate diagnosis and
appropriate interventions
Importance of Early Diagnosis: Early detection and
diagnosis are critical for effective intervention. improve
long-term outcomes and quality of life. Develop social and
communication skills and manage challenging behaviours.

6. Asperger’s
Syndrome
childhood
disintegrative
disorder
Rett
syndrome
PDD-NOS
Asperger's Syndrome,
a form of Autism
Spectrum Disorder, is
a developmental
disorder.
Types of Autism
Rett syndrome is a rare
genetic neurological and
developmental disorder
that affects how the
brain develops.
Childhood
disintegrative disorder
is a part of the larger
developmental disorder
category of autism
spectrum disorder.
this term was used to
describe individuals who
met some but not all of
the diagnostic criteria for
autism, often exhibiting
milder symptoms or
atypical presentations.

7. Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) therapy.
Speech therapy.
Occupational therapy.
Social skills training.
Treatment and
Therapies

8. Living with Autism
Autism is a neurological condition that affects
social communication, behavior, and sensory
processing. Each person with autism is unique.
Autistic people can lead full and productive
lives.
Many resources are available to assist people
with autism and their families, including:
1) Groups of support
2) Organisations that advocate for causes
3) Government initiatives

9. Autism is a multifaceted disorder that affects both communication
and behaviour.
There is no cure for autism, but there are several treatments that
can help alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life.
Autistic people can lead full and productive lives.
There are numerous resources available to assist autistic people
and their families.
Conclusion

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