LTE direct in unlicensed spectrum
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1. LTE in Unlicensed Spectrum Supported Spectrum for Global Solution Requirements Across the Regions in 5GHz Spectrum 2. Licensed-Assisted Access using LTE Carrier Aggregation or Dual Connectivity Releases 13 Draft Timeline 3. Summary of Licensed-Assisted Access Potential deployment scenarios 4. Proximity-based Services - LTE Direct Use cases for Proximity-based Services LTE Direct in Unlicensed Spectrum 5. Conclusion
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LTE direct in unlicensed spectrum
- 1. LTE Direct in Unlicensed Spectrum Institute for Information Industry 2014/07/14 1
- 2. Outline 1. LTE in Unlicensed Spectrum – Supported Spectrum for Global Solution – Requirements Across the Regions in 5GHz Spectrum 2. Licensed-Assisted Access using LTE – Carrier Aggregation or Dual Connectivity – Potential deployment scenarios 3. Summary of Licensed-Assisted Access – Releases 13 Draft Timeline 4. Proximity-based Services - LTE Direct – Use cases for Proximity-based Services – LTE Direct in Unlicensed Spectrum 5. Conclusion
- 3. LTE in Unlicensed Spectrum • The new feature can be an attractive option for operators to utilize unlicensed spectrum with a unified network – Offering potential operational cost saving, improved spectral efficiency and better user experience • First focus on unlicensed operation in 5 GHz • Focus on the standardization of a global solution that can work across regions
- 4. Supported Spectrum for Global Solution 4 100MHz 100MHz 255MHz 100MHz 100MHz 255MHz 100MHz 100MHz 100MHz 255MHz 100MHz 100MHz 100MHz 100MHz 180MHz 150MHz 125MHz (operatorsonly)N / A „Band A“ „Band B“ „Band C“ up to150MHzBWFA [ECC Rec.(06)04] 5150 5250 5350 5470 5755 5875 f (MHz) 5725 typ. 23 dBm EIRP typ. >30 dBm EIRP Preference for 5.8GHz Wi-Fi bands that do not have DFS and LTB requirements (band A, 5150-5250MHz and band D, 5725-5825MHz)
- 5. Requirements Across the Regions in 5GHz Spectrum US 1 Europe 2 Japan China Korea 5.15GHz-5.25GHz (100MHz) Indoor/Outdoor(U- NII-1) Indoor (Band A) Indoor/Satellite Indoor/DFS/TPC Indoor 5.25GHz-5.35GHz (100 MHz) DFS/TPC (U-NII-2A) ACA/DFS/TPC (Band A) Indoor/DFS/TPC Indoor/DFS/TPC DFS/TPC 5.35GHz-5.470GHz (120 MHz) (U-NII-2B) under study No under study under study 5.470GHz-5.650GHz (180 MHz) DFS/TPC(UNII-2C) ACA/DFS/TPC (Band B) DFS/TPC In consideration DFS/TPC 5.650GHz-5.725GHz (75 MHz) DFS/TPC/RADAR (UNII-2C) ACA/DFS/TPC (Band B) DFS/TPC In consideration Bcast Relay Service 5.725GHz-5.825GHz (100MHz) Yes (UNII-3) DFS/RADAR (Band C) No Licensed (3 operators) EIRP 10 mW, Center Freq 5.775GHz (allocated for WDCS) 5.825GHz - 5.850GHz (25MHz) Yes (UNII-3) DFS/RADAR (Band C) No Yes Under Study 5.850GHz - 5.875GHz (25MHz) UNII-4 RADAR (Band C) No under study under study 5.875GHz-5.925GHz (75MHz) U-NII-4 under study No under study under study Under discussion 1 FCC Revision of Part 15 for Operation of Devices in 5GHz, NPRM, April 2014 2 ETSI BRAN InterDigital
- 6. Licensed-Assisted Access • Debate on deployment models and corresponding modes of operation to be studied • Licensed-Assisted Carrier Aggregation operation leveraging on the existing LTE Carrier Aggregation framework (1st) Cells on unlicensed spectrum used for downlink only (2nd) Cells on unlicensed spectrum used for both downlink and uplink • Study both indoor and outdoor deployments Deployment model Mode of operation Co-located cells Licensed-Assisted Carrier Aggregation Non co-located cells w/ ideal backhaul Non co-located cells w/out ideal backhaul Dual Connectivity Standalone cells Standalone
- 7. Carrier Aggregation or Dual Connectivity • LTE transmitted in unlicensed spectrum – Accompanied by a licensed carrier – Carrier Aggregation/Supplemental Downlink – Dual Connectivity in the future • The same RAN can provide LTE data access in licensed & unlicensed • No impacts foreseen to the core network nodes • Management of one network Qualcomm • Primary Carrier always uses licensed spectrum – FDD or TDD – Control signalling, mobility, user data • Secondary Carrier(s) use unlicensed spectrum – Best-effort user data in either DL-only or both DL and UL
- 8. Potential deployment scenarios Ideal Backhaul Deployments Co-located RRH Non-Ideal Backhaul Deployments • f2 could be different from f1 (inter-frequency MSA, already supported in R12) • Or f2 is same as f1, which requires the support of intra-frequency MSA Huawei NTT DoCoMo
- 9. Summary of Licensed-Assisted Access • Need for a global solution – Addressing the regulatory requirements of different regions – Trying to harmonize as much as possible band definition(s) • Coexistence requirements – Coexistence with Wifi – Coexistence among cells from the same or different operators – coexistence mechanisms to operate in unlicensed spectrum, e.g. Listen-Before-Talk • RAN should also look at possible in-device coexistence issues
- 10. Releases 13 Draft Timeline •6/2014 •9/2014 •12/2014 •3/2015 •6/2015 •9/2015 •# 6 4 •# 6 5 •# 6 6 •# 6 7 •# 6 8 •# 6 9 •12/2015 •# 7 0 •3/2016 •# 7 1 •6/2016 •# 7 2 •3/2014 •# 6 3 •Rel-12 Core spec functional freeze Start of Rel-13 RAN1 LTE-U study item Phase 1 (highest priority) Phase 2 (lower priority) Rel-13: 15-18 Month Release 3GPP Phase 1 (SDL FDD CA ) SI 3GPP Phase 2 (TDD UL/DL and advanced techniques) Study item 3GPP LTE-U work item focussing on phase 1 only and one band (5 GHz) 3GPP LTE-U work item 2 focussing on phase 2, TDD UL/DL, more advanced techniques more bands Dual connectivity 3GPP LTE-U phase 1 specifications ready band (5 GHz) with LBT-like enhancements Work item of 3GPP Phase 1 Alcatel-Lucent
- 11. Proximity-based Services - LTE Direct WLAN D2D WAN + WLAN D2D D2D multicast (groupcast) D2D link Pico cell D2D link Pico cell WAN D2D Source: 3GPP & Intel
- 12. Use cases for Proximity-based Service Restricted discovery describes a basic scenario for ProSe discovery. Mary’s UE John’s UE Peter’s UE Proximity Open discovery describes a case in which an UE discover another UE without permission by the discoverable UE. Advertisement Interactive discovery
- 13. Proximity-based Services - LTE Direct Allow devices in close proximity to communicate directly Network Cell Site Current LTE Communication Path Network Cell Site Direct CommunicationLocally Routed UE Relay Cell Site Direct Discovery WiFi Direct: Unlicensed Spectrum v.s. LTE Direct: Licensed Spectrum
- 14. LTE Direct in Unlicensed Spectrum The new feature can be an attractive option for operators to utilize unlicensed spectrum and minimize WAN impact for LTE Direct eNB LTE Proximity Discovery and Direct Communication over Unlicensed Spectrum License-assisted LTE direct control plane UE UE WiFi Direct: Unlicensed Spectrum v.s. LTE Direct: Unlicensed Spectrum
- 15. Conclusion • We support to study LTE Direct in Unlicensed Spectrum as well as LTE in Unlicensed Spectrum in order to utilize unlicensed spectrum for both LTE and LTE Direct and minimize WAN impact for LTE Direct. 15
- 16. Thanks! 16
Notas do Editor
- Lady and gentlemen, My name is … from Institute for Information Industry It is my honor to present this slide today This is the topic of my speech, LTE direct in unlicensed spectrum
- This is the outline of my presentation today. First of all, we will introduce some background about LTE in unlicensed spectrum. Next we will describe Licensed-Assisted Access using LTE and then give a short Summary And we will discuss Proximity-based Service or LTE Direct in unlicensed spectrum. Finally, in our conclusion, we suggest to study LTE Direct in Unlicensed Spectrum as well as LTE in unlicensed Spectrum
- Now we start to introduce LTE in unlicensed spectrum. This new feature can be an attractive option for operators to utilize unlicensed spectrum with a unified network By offering potential operational cost saving, improved spectral efficiency and better user experience In the workshop on LTE in unlicensed spectrum hosted by 3GPP, most companies are proposed to focus on unlicensed operation in 5 GHz spectrum. They also want to develop a global standard solution that can work across regions
- In this slide, we can know the reason why most companies are interesting at unlicensed operation in 5 GHz. We can see from this slide that there are a plenty of channels to choice in 5 GHz. Range from 325 MHz to 555Mhz depending on the region. In addition, they have a common spectrum across regions such as Band A. Therefore it is possible to develop a global standard solution that can work across regions. By using 5GHz ISM band.
- This slide shows more detailed on Requirements Across the Regions in 5GHz Spectrum We can see that in some countries, some spectrums are only allowed for indoor usage. But there is no restriction for other spectrum. Some spectrums are need to coexist with satellite or Radar. Therefore, additional features need to be implemented during standardization such as Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) or Transmission Power Control (TPC) For more information, you can check RP-140808, Review of Regulatory Requirements for Unlicensed Spectrum.
- Different deployment models and corresponding operation modes should be studied and are shown in this table. For Co-located cells and Non co-located cells with ideal backhaul, we would assume that it is operated in Carrier Aggregation mode. On the other hand, for Non co-located cells without ideal backhaul, we will assume that it is operated in dual connectivity mode. For Standalone operation, some companies proposed to study also this mode; some companies explicitly requested not to study it. It seems hard to study this option in Rel-13. Then we should study how Licensed-Assisted Carrier Aggregation operation leveraging on the existing LTE Carrier Aggregation framework Firstly, we should study unlicensed spectrum used for downlink only Next, we should extend our scope to unlicensed spectrum used for both downlink and uplink. Moreover, we should study both indoor and outdoor deployments scenario.
- In this slide we can see that Primary Carrier always uses licensed spectrum, and could operate in either FDD or TDD mode In the other hand, Secondary Carrier(s) use unlicensed spectrum, and could operate in either Supplemental Downlink mode or both DL and UL mode As described in the previous slide, Licensed-Assisted Access using LTE can be operated in either Carrier Aggregation mode or dual connectivity mode. For Carrier Aggregation mode, I should support operating in either Supplemental Downlink mode or DL/UL mode. We can see that the same RAN can provide LTE data access in both licensed and unlicensed, and the same core network can manage it. In this architecture, there will be no impacts to the core network nodes.
- Different deployment models and corresponding operation modes are shown in the figure. Co-located cell or Non-co-located cell, With Ideal backhaul or non-ideal backhaul Carrier Aggregation mode or dual connectivity mode. Those figure will be the basic deployment scenario, when we study Licensed-Assisted Access using LTE in the early stage.
- This slide give us a short summary. We need for a global solution on Licensed-Assisted Access which should address the regulatory requirements of different regions and also try to harmonize as much as possible band definition(s). Next, we also need to consider coexistence requirements, such as Coexistence with Wifi, Coexistence among cells from the same or different operators, Or some coexistence mechanisms to operate in unlicensed spectrum, e.g. Listen-Before-Talk, this LBT technology should be study for certain region regulation. In the workshop on LTE in unlicensed spectrum, we also agree RAN should also look at possible in-device coexistence issues
- We have borrow one slide from Alcatel-Lucent to describe the potential Releases 13 Timeline for Licensed-Assisted Access. If we can reached the agreement the WID Licensed-Assisted Access using LTE in this September, we could start to study some basic feature in the early stage of Rel-13. This slide shows that we could divided the whole work into two phases. In Phase one, we might focus on unlicensed spectrum used for downlink only. Sometime we will call it Supplemental Downlink. Existing LTE waveform can be deployed in the band, so we might only need some work to introduce the new unlicensed band for SDL usage. Then, in phase 2, we could extend our scope to unlicensed spectrum used for both downlink and uplink. At this moment, some advanced features such as dual connectivity and coexistence could be studied and implemented.
- In this slide, we can see that Proximity-based service or LTE direct is a new service by fusing the existing ad-hoc network into the cellular network. We have already discuss and develop technology regarding proximity-based service or LTE direct in Release12. There are two approach to reach this goal. In WLAN bottom-up approach, it could be achieve by expanding and integrating existing standalone D2D solutions (E.g. WiFi Direct) into the cellular network. In the other hand, the WAN top-down approach is achieve by expanding heterogeneous cellular network to include D2D capability (E.g. 3GPP LTE D2D).
- Some use cases shown in this slide have been studies in SA1 for Proximity-based service. Some features such as restricted discovery was not implemented in Rel-12, and will continually developed in Rels-13. The basic scenario for restricted discovery is shown in this figures. Assuming that Mary and John are friend on Facebook, but Mary and Peter are not. When Mary, John and Peter are in proximity, Mary and John’s UE will notify their Facebook APP that they are in proximity. When Mary The basic scenario for open discovery is shown in this figures. Assuming that Starbuck, Mcdonalds and 7-Eleven adopted proximity-based service for their business. When the customer approaching those stories, their UE might got advertisement from those stories. They might also got some information such as Menu, coupon or something else. It could be the most valued feature for Proximity-based service. At least from operators point of view.
- Then slide show the key difference between conventional cellular network and LTE Direct. In the conventional communication network, data traffic between two UE always go through eNB as shown in this figure. In Proximity-based Service or sometimes we call it, LTE direct, it allows devices in close proximity to discover each other and furthermore communicated to each other directly. As shown in this figure. The both LTE direct discovery and communication are controlled by operator’s network and operated in licensed spectrum. However, most operators have concern on operating LTE direct using their expensive spectrum. Therefore, an alternative way is introduced during SA1 discussion, by using Wifi direct operated in unlicensed spectrum to achieve this goal. In this moment, Wifi direct will become the better choice, especially for operators who did not have enough spectrum for LTE direct such as T-Mobile.
- When we discussing LTE in Unlicensed Spectrum, we should also consider LTE direct in unlicensed spectrum. The new feature can be an attractive option for operators to utilize unlicensed spectrum minimize WAN impact for LTE Direct. The operator’s network can still control LTE direct (you can see those control signal in green line) in licensed spectrum for both discovery and communication. Only data traffic (the red line) are exchanged over direct communication in unlicensed spectrum. In this moment, we have relieved operator’s primary concern on using their licensed spectrum. Then LTE direct will become an affordable choice. And we could also develop a global standard solution that can work across regions.
- We propose to study LTE Direct in Unlicensed Spectrum as well as LTE Direct in Unlicensed Spectrum in order to utilize unlicensed spectrum for both LTE and LTE Direct and minimize WAN impact for LTE Direct.
- Thanks for your attention.