3. Technical Procedures
Technical procedures consist essentially of
three phases:
A. Analysis of the source and receptor languange
a good translator must have :
- a good grasp of the linguistic structures of the two languanges,not only in
terms of the usual types of transfers from one languange to another but
also and more specifically in terms of the types of transforms which occurs
within a specific languange.
- a complete understanding of the meaning of lexical elements,whether
endocentric or exocentric.
- must be both sensitive to and capable of producing an appropriate
style,whether in spoken or written form.
4. B. Analysis of source-languange text
The semantic analysis stage consist of:
1.Lexico-grammatical of the immediate unit.
2.Discourse context.
3.Communicative context.
4.Cultural context of the source languange.
5.Cultural context of the receptor languange.
5. C.Determination to equivalence
The process by which one determines equivalence
between source and receptor languange is obviously a
highly complex one.However it may be reduced to two
quite simple procedures:
a.decomposition of the message into the simplest
semantic structure.
b.recomposition of the message into the receptor
languange.
6. Organisational Procedure
A. Translation by one person
Some of the principal steps in procedure employed by a competent
translator can be outlined, as follows:
1.reading over the entire document
2.Obtaining background information
3.Comparing existing translation of the text
4.Making a first draft of sufficiently comprehensive units
5.Revising the first draft after a short lapse of time
6.Reading aloud for style and rhytm
7.Studying the reactions of receptor by reading of the text by
another persons
8.Submitting a translation to the other competent translators
9.Revising the text for publication
7. B. Translation by comittees
Types of committees:
1.Editorial Committee
The editorial committee should be as small as practicable(from three to
five) to get the work done.It is of utmost importance that the members of
editorial committee be of relatively equal competence,since a fair sharing of
responsibility and mutual respect are essential ingredients in any co-
operative undertaking.
2.Review Comimittee
The review committee should be limited to about 10 persons, chosen for
their special abilities; they should have either stylistic competence in the
receptor languange or expert knowledge of the source languange.
3. The consulative committee
The consulative committee may number from 25 to 100 persons,depending
upon the practical requirements of the situation.They should make their
contributions through correspondence,except when some major issue may
require the presence of an unusually representative body.They are chosen
for a variety reasons such as political,geographical,dialectal,etc.
8. Translation by comittees procedures:
1.dividing the work among members of the editorial committee.
2.translating of assigned portions by members of editorial
committee.
3.Submitting the work to other member of editorial committe.
4.Studying of these suggestion by the translator.
5.Submitting the resultant draft to the review committee
6.Studying all changes and suggestions made by a review
committee.
7.Preparing a revised draft by the editorial secretary.
8.Submitting a revised draft to members of the consultative
committee.
9. 9.Studying all suggestions made by the consultative committee.
10.Preparing a final draft.
11.Publishing tentative additions of limited portions.
12.Studying public reactions to limited portions.
13.Publishing of the final draft.
14.Publishing of the complete translation.
15.Incorporating postpublication corrections into subsequent printing.
16.Postpublication revision of the text.
