Keyword research

Search Engine Optimization
Keyword Research
astiyash5@gmail.com
astiyash5.wixsite.com/blogs

What is mean by keyword
research? How it is useful?
 KEYWORD RESEARCH IS ONE OF THE MOST
IMPORTANT, VALUABLE, AND HIGH-RETURN
activities in the search engine marketing field.
 Through the detective work of dividing our
market’s keyword demand, we learn not only
which terms and phrases to target with SEO, but
also more about our customers as a whole.
 For example we are researching about the
keyword for our business of electronic item we
can also know that who will be the customer of
our product and of which categories. So we can
concentrate on it.

 With keyword research we can predict shifts in
demand, respond to changing market conditions, and
produce the products, services, and content that web
searchers are already actively seeking. In the history of
marketing, there has never been such a low barrier to
entry in understanding the motivations of consumers in
virtually every niche (place).
 Every search phrase that’s typed into an engine is
recorded in one way or another, and keyword
research tools allow us to retrieve this information.
 However, those tools cannot show us directly how
valuable or important it might be to rank for and
receive traffic from those searches.
 To understand the value of a keyword, we need to
research further, make some hypotheses, test, and
iterate—the classic web marketing formula.

Difference between long tail and short tail
keywords
 Short tail keywords :-
The keywords that have 5,000 searches per day, or even
500 searches per day, but in reality these “popular” search
terms actually cover less than 30% of the overall searches
performed on the Web. This types of keywords know as short
tail keywords. Eg. The term “cards” are famous for master
cards, gift cards etc. but covers less percentage of search
performed this type of keyword is a short tail keyword.
 Long tail keywords:-
The keyword contains hundreds of millions of unique
searches that might be conducted a few times in any given
day, or even only once ever, but when assessed in
aggregate they comprise the majority of the world’s demand
for information through search engines. It covers remaining
70% of the overall searches performed on the web. This types
of keywords know as long tail keywords.

Graph for long tail and short
tail keywords

What are the traditional Approaches
for keyword Research?
 One of the smartest things we can do when initially
conducting keyword research is to use automated tools to
get original ideas with the participants in the business. This can
be surprisingly effective for coming up with numerous critical
keywords.
 Start by generating a list of terms and phrases that are
relevant to our industry and be relevant to what our site or
business offers.
 The brainstorming phase should ideally result in a list of several
dozen to several hundred or more keyword searches that will
bring relevant, qualified visitors to our site.
 One easy way to begin this process is to gather our team in a
conference room and then follow these steps:

1. Produce a list of key one- to three-word phrases that
describe our products/services.
2. Spend some time coming up with synonyms that our
potential customers might use for those products and
services. Use a thesaurus to help us with this process.
3. Create a classification of all the areas of focus in our
industry. It can be helpful to imagine creating a directory for
all the people, projects, ideas, and companies connected
to our site. We can also look at sites that are leaders in the
industry and study their site hierarchy as a way to start our
thinking about a classification.
4. Broaden our list by thinking of higher-level terms of which our
products or services are a subset.
5. Review our existing site, and extract what appear to be key
phrases from our site.
6. Review industry association and/or media sites to see what
phrases they use to discuss our topic area.
7. List all our various brand terms.

8. List all our products. If our site has a massive number of
products, consider stepping back a level (or two) and listing the
categories and subcategories.
9. Supplement this by asking some people outside our business
what they would search for, preferably people who are not
directly associated with the company.
10. Use our web analytics tool to see what terms people are
already using to come to our site.
11. Have our team step back and imagine they are a potential
customer, and ask them what they would type into a search
engine if they were looking for something similar to our product
or service.
 Gathering this type of intelligence is what a traditional
marketer might have done prior to initiating a marketing
campaign before the Web existed. And of course, if any of this
data is available to ous from other departments of the
company, be sure to incorporate it into our research process.

Include Competitive
Analysis
 Our competitors face the same problem, and unless we are very
lucky, they are also probably resourceful and creative. we can likely
count on their having invested in learning how their customers think
and the best ways to appeal to them. So, add these steps to the
process:
1. Review our competitors’ websites and see what key phrases they use
for their products and services that compete with us.
2. Record what non brand terms they use for their business.
3. Read any articles they have written that are published on sites other
than their own.
4. Observe what the media may have had to say about them.
 Add these ideas into the mix and we will have a wonderfully robust set
of keywords to use as a starting point.
 Once we have completed these steps we will have in hand a rich set
of terms of interest. The next step is to expand those terms of interest
using keyword research tools.

How the search engine help for
Keyword Research ?
The search engines provide a number of tools
that can help we with keyword research. Many
of these are not designed specifically for that
purpose, but they can be used to obtain
interesting keyword research information if they
are used in the right manner.
1. Blog search counts:-
 Blog search data is terrific for picking out hot
topics or keywords in the blog and the dominion
of social media. it is a great way to see how a
term/phrase is looking in the social space. Be
aware, though, that the data is of time provide
by the blogs —anything that’s more than a few
months old is likely to be out of the blog index
this does make the data a great temporal
tracking tool.
 For example, check out the 239,818 results

2. Related terms:-
 Several of the engines offer “related” terms, including Google,
Yahoo!, Bing, Ask, and Clusty which shows related terms in
clusters.
 This data can be invaluable if we are looking to find related
terms that may not have come up through competitive analysis
or brainstorming.
3. Common usage and phrase combinations:-
 Using a search with the * character can give we a good idea of
what terms/phrases commonly precede or follow a given
term/phrase. For example, using * ringtones can show we phrases
that are commonly associated with the term ringtones.
4. Frequency of recent usage:-
 Using the very cool Google date range operator, we can
determine how many times in the past day, week, month, or year
our term has appeared. There are two ways to do this. One is to
go into Advanced Search mode within Google and click the
Date dropdown box. Once we do that, we can pick from
“anytime” (which is the default), “past 24 hours,” “past week,”
“past month,” and “past year.” This will limit we to the results that
were added to the index during the referenced time frame.

 For additional flexibility, we can perform a normal search, get our
result, and add a parameter to the end of the results page URL,
using the operators shown in Table as bellow:-
&as_qdr=d Past 24 hours
&as_qdr=d4 Past four days
&as_qdr=w P past week
&as_qdr=w5 Past five weeks
&as_qdr=m6 Past six months
&as_qdr=y2 Past two years
We can combine all of this data to form a very well-rounded
view of a particular term or phrase, and although it is probably
overkill for most keyword research projects, it is certainly a
valuable exercise and something to monitor.

Keyword Research with Tools
 A wide variety of options are available for performing
keyword research, including tool provided by the search
engines, tools developed by third parties, and tools for
complex keyword analysis of terms gathered during
research.
 Following are the different types of tools used for keyword
research.
1. Google’s AdWords Keyword Tool :-
 Google provides a couple of tools specifically designed
for use in keyword research. Although they are primarily
meant to help their paid search customers, they can also
be used to obtain information for organic search.
 Google’s AdWords Keyword Tool provides related terms,
search volume estimates, search trends, and ad cost
estimates for any keyword or URL that we enter.

 The AdWords Keyword Tool provides two tabs:
 1. Keyword Variations
2. Site-Related Keywords.
1. Keyword Variations :-
From the Keyword Variations tab, we can enter a keyword and the AdWords
Keyword Tool will return keywords related to the term we entered and the
match type where we can specify whether we want our search-targeted
keywords to be a broad, exact, or phrase match.
We can also choose to display the following information about each
keyword.
1. Keyword Search Volume:-
 Displays the keyword, related terms, search volume from the past month,
advertiser competition, and match type.
2. Cost and Ad Position Estimates:-
Displays each keyword’s estimated average cost-per-click and estimated ad
position.
3. Search Volume Trends:-
Displays each keyword’s average search volume, search volume trends over
the course of one year, and in which month the highest search volume
occurred.

4. Possible Negative Keywords:-
 Allows us to add a negative keyword for any
keyword phrase that does not pertain to our
business. This feature is not necessarily useful for
researching keywords for organic search; rather, it is
more valuable when planning wer AdWords
account bids.
2. Site-Related Keywords: (information per page) -
 By choosing the Site-Related Keywords tab, we can
enter a web page URL and AdWords will return
various keywords grouped by like terms Like the
Keyword Variations option, we can opt to display
the following information about each URL’s
keywords:
• Keyword search volume
• Cost and ad position estimates
• Search volume trends

3. Traffic Estimator :-
 Within Google AdWords is a tool called the Traffic Estimator that allows
us to get estimates of traffic on different keywords
 i.e., the potential click-throughs we may see to our site, instead of just the
number of impressions provided by tools such as Google’s AdWords
Keyword Tool).
 Although this tool is built into AdWords, it can provide invaluable
information regarding the traffic data Google has available, which can
be useful in organic search optimization. we can also see the tool at
https:
 //adwords.google.com/select/TrafficEstimatorSandbox.
 When we enter one or more keywords in the Traffic Estimator, the tool will
return estimates of the search volume for each term, their average cost-
per-click, their ad positions, the clicks per day, and the cost per day. The
cost information can provide we with additional insight into how
competitive a keyword is in organic search as well.
 The Traffic Estimator is located under the Tools section in Google
AdWords. Enter our keyword in the box (enter one keyword if we want to
see data for just that keyword; enter more keywords if you want a
comparison).

 We can enter your keyword in the following ways:
1. Broad match
Entering your keyword without any parameters means it will be broadly matched;
this means if you buy an ad for this keyword, it will appear in the search results
when any of the words in your keyword phrase are combined and used in a
search. For example, your ad for search engine optimization will appear in the
results for a search on search for train engine optimization.
2. Exact match
Putting brackets around your keyword (e.g., [search engine optimization]) means
your ad will show only when a user types in the exact keyword phrase you are
targeting.
3. Phrase match
Adding quotation marks around your keyword (e.g., “search engine
optimization”) means
your ad will show when a user types in a phrase that contains your keyword. For
example, your ad will show on a search for “how to do search engine
optimization”.
4. Negative match
Using the minus sign/dash in front of an undesired keyword (e.g., -spam) before
your keyword (e.g., “search engine optimization” for a phrase match) means the
term does not apply to your services; therefore, your ad won’t show for the
corresponding search (e.g.“search engine optimization spam”).

 After we entered our keywords, Set the currency and
then select our language and the location we are
targeting.
 When we click Continue, you’ll see data for each
keyword you entered. Useful data for keyword research
purposes includes Estimated Clicks/Day and Cost/Day.
We can compare each keyword’s estimated clicks to see
which term is more likely to be searched for and clicked
on than others.
 For example internet marketing is estimated to have 36 to
45 clicks per day, while search engine marketing has 10
to 12, search engine optimization has 13 to 16, and seo
has 15. Based on this data, it is clear that internet
marketing is the most popular term of the four and is likely
to be one of the more competitive terms.

 Google’s Keyword Tool Estimator and Traffic Estimator get their
data from Google’s search query database.
 The AdWords Keyword Tool offers a lot of useful information
about
 your keyword campaigns, such as suggestions for similar
keywords, an estimate of the keyword’s popularity, ad costs and
positions, general search volume trend information, and keyword
campaign suggestions for your site or your competitor’s site. The
tool is great for compiling a lot of general information about a
keyword.
 The Traffic Estimator provides a decent estimate of your
keyword’s click-through rate. Based on the estimated clicks per
day, you can get a relative idea of which of your keywords are
the most popular and can potentially bring you the most traffic.
 The Keyword Tool is free to use. The Traffic Estimator is also free,
but unlike the Keyword Tool, it is not accessible from an external
URL; you must sign up for an AdWords account to use the Traffic
Estimator tool.

2. Yahoo! Search Marketing
Tools
 Yahoo! provides a tool to help find keywords for paid
search campaigns: Yahoo! Search Marketing. As with the
Google tools, Yahoo! Search Marketing offers a lot of
useful data for your organic search optimization
campaigns.
 After we select our time zone and geo-targeting
preference and provide three keywords/phrases that we
want to target, the Search Marketing tool will generate a
list of related keywords and an Estimated Searches bar.
 We need to be a Yahoo! Search Marketing customer to
use this tool. When you set up an account the tool is
provided in step 2 of the sign-up process.
 From where it gives the data:-
 Yahoo! Search Marketing gets its data from Yahoo!’s
search query database.

 How it is useful :-
 Step 2 of the Search Marketing sign-up process
provides a helpful list of keywords related to the ones
you provided. This list is useful in brainstorming various
relevant keywords (it can generate terms you had not
thought of), and the Estimated Searches gauge can
give you a relative idea of which terms are more
popular than others.
 Cost :-
 A Yahoo! Search Marketing Self-Serve sign-up is free,
whereas Assisted Setup costs $199. Each account
requires a minimum $5 deposit if you plan to advertise
on the Yahoo! network.

3. Microsoft’s adCenter Keyword
Generation Tool
 Entering a keyword in the search bar will return data that is
divided into two tabs:
 1. Contains Term 2. Similar Terms.
 The Contains Term tab includes search phrases that contain
the keyword we provided, along with the preceding month
and the current month of search data.
 For example, a search for scooter returns electric scooters,
razor scooters, and mopeds.
 The Export to Excel option allows you to pull the collected
data into a spreadsheet. Although the CTR% (click-through
rate) and CPC (cost-per-click) columns are intended for paid
search customers, they can also provide some indication of
SEO value.
 The adCenter Keyword Generation Tool obtains its data from
Microsoft’s Bing search query database.

 This tool is useful in generating keyword suggestions based on a
keyword you are targeting or on your site’s URL. You can also
enter your competitor’s URL and see what the keyword
suggestions are for their site.
 The adCenter Keyword Generation Tool is free, although we do
have to create an account with Microsoft adCenter and provide
credit card information in the event that we advertise on the
Microsoft network.
 Where it gets its data.:-
The adCenter Keyword Generation Tool obtains its data from
Microsoft’s Bing search query database.
 How it is useful :-
 This tool is useful in generating keyword suggestions based on a
keyword you are targeting or on your site’s URL. You can also
enter your competitor’s URL and see what the keyword
suggestions are for their site.
 Cost:-
 The adCenter Keyword Generation Tool is free, although you do
have to create an account with Microsoft adCenter and provide
credit card information in the event that you advertise on the
Microsoft network.

4. Wordtracker
 Wordtracker is one of the better known keyword tools
available that the search engines themselves do not provide.
Wordtracker offers the following features:
 1. Keyword Researcher
 When you enter a keyword or phrase in the search box under
the Research section, Wordtracker displays the most popular
search terms that include the keywords we provided, the
number of searches per day recorded for those terms, and a
prediction of how many searches are typically performed per
day.
2. Keyword Universe
 Keyword Universe provides a list of keywords and phrases that
are related to the search term we provide, then gives us a
search count for those terms in its Popularity Search.
 This differs from the other tools in that it can produce terms
that are not part of the original seed term we provide. So, if
you enter a term such as search engine optimization you may
get back internet marketing in the output.

 3. Full Search
 Based on the single generic term we provide, Full Search will
return a list of similar keywords and a count of the number of
times those keywords appeared in the meta tags.
 4. Keyword Projects
 Keyword Projects stores our keyword research projects. At any
given time, we are allowed one active project and four
stored projects.
 5. Reports
 The Short-Term Report provides the top 1,000 search terms
from the preceding 48 hours. The Long-Term Report provides
the top 1,000 search terms that have been repeatedly or
consistently
 searched for over the preceding 90 days.
 6. Free keyword suggestion tool
 Wordtracker also has a free keyword suggestion tool (
http://freekeywords.wordtracker.com/). When you enter a
keyword/phrase, you’ll see Wordtracker’s count of the total
number of searches performed across the Web in the
preceding 90 days. You will also see a list containing both the
keyword you searched for and similar keywords, along with
their predicted daily search count.

 Where it gets its data
 Wordtracker compiles a database of 330+ million search terms from
Dogpile and MetaCrawler This database is updated every week.
 How it is useful
 Wordtracker is great for finding out how many searches were
performed on various keywords. Because its data sources are limited,
you should not rely on the tool for precise data figures; it is a good
tool to use to get a general idea of which keywords are searched for
more often than others.
 Cost
 The free tool with limited features is also available. Wordtracker
provides different subscription offerings that range from a one-day
 membership for $8.26 (pricing as of October 2009) to a one-year
membership for $275.24 (October 2009 pricing)

5. KeywordDiscovery
 Another popular third-party tool for keyword research Keyword
Discovery offers the following features:
1. Keyword Research
When you enter a keyword or phrase in the search bar under the
Research section, KeywordDiscovery displays the most popular search
terms that include the keywords you provided, along with a count of
how many searches were performed for those keywords in the past 12
months.
Clicking on Analyze brings up more detailed data about the search
term. Specifically:
1. Query
 Shows the term you entered as well as related terms.
2. Searches
 Shows the number of times each term was searched for (according to
KeywordDiscovery’s database) over the past 12 months.

3. Occurrences
 Shows an estimate of the number of pages where each search term
appears.
4. KEI
 An short form for Keyword Effectiveness Indicator, measures the value
of a search term. It factors in the number of times a term has been
searched for versus how many other web pages target the exact
match phrase. The higher the KEI, the more value that term has. For
example, shoes has a KEI of 1.51 because it is searched for a lot but is
also targeted by a lot of web pages. Conversely, dance shoes has a
KEI of 4.99 because it is searched for less often and is targeted by
fewer sites. We don’t recommend using the KEI as a metric for search
term value because search result numbers do not correlate well to
the level of competition for a term.
5. Predicted Daily
 A prediction of how many average daily searches are performed for
each keyword across the Web.
6. Industry Keywords
 This tool tracks the most popular search terms that are bringing traffic
to sites in different industries.

7. Spelling Mistake Research
Typing the query spell:[keyword] in the search bar under the Research
section will return spelling variations for that keyword, the number of
times the keyword has been searched for (searches), and the
keyword results for your search (queries).
For example, spell:optimization returns results such as search-engine-
optimization, searchengineoptimization, and search-engine-
optimisation.
8. Seasonal Search Trends
If we click on the little bar graph icon next to the number of searches
for a query, you’ll see a graph of the search trends for that keyword
over the past 12 months.
9. Related Keywords
Typing either related:[keyword] or crawl:[keyword] will return keywords
that are related to the term ywe provided. For example, typing in
related:search engine optimization returns results such as search
engine, internet marketing, seo, and website promotion.

10. Keyword Density Analysis
This feature checks how often keywords are found on the
URL we provide, assigns a keyword density percentage to
those keywords, and lists the number of searches
performed for each term.
11. Domain Researcher Tool
This tool requires an Enterprise subscription. It allows us to
search for available domains that are based on popular
keyword search terms. These domains have high traffic
potential, as the tool shows how many users have
searched for the URL. The tool is great if you want to
register other domains in your industry and want these
domains to be
keyword-rich.

12. Competitive Intelligence reports
KeywordDiscovery, also offers various Competitive Intelligence
reports (which require a separate subscription). These reports include:
 Link Intelligence
Identifies which links are sending traffic to your competitors
 Search Term Intelligence
Identifies which search terms/phrases are driving traffic to our
competitors
 Search Engine Intelligence
Identifies which specific search engines send traffic to our
competitors
 PPC Campaign Intelligence
Identifies which search terms our competitors are bidding on
 Referrer Intelligence
Provides information about specific sites that are referring traffic to
our competitors
 Popularity Index Report
Monitors the Popularity Index of our competitors

13. Ranking Report
Provides a view of which terms our competitors are ranking for, the
rank of these terms, and any changes in ranking over the past 30
days.
14. Meta keywords
Provides a report that analyzes our competitors’ meta keywords .
15. Competitive Intelligence Executive Report
Provides information about every Competitive Intelligence Report
available, as well as several sub reports.
16. Free Keyword Suggestion Tool
Keyword Discovery offers a free keyword research tool that is similar
to Wordtracker’s free Keyword Suggestion Tool. When we enter a
keyword/phrase, we will see a list containing both the keyword we
searched for and similar keywords, along with their predicted search
count over the past 12 months.

 Derives its keyword data primarily from aggregated
Historical Global data purchased from ISPs. Trellian also
uses a panel of 4.4 million users to collect its Global
Premium data.
 Keyword Discovery offers a multitude of tools that are
great for keyword research. Trellian also offers various
tools that are useful for competitive research.
 Cost
 KeywordDiscovery offers different subscription options
that range from a standard monthly subscription for
$69.95 to a yearly Enterprise subscription for $4,455
(pricing is based on March 2009 prices for the product).

6. Google Trends
 Google Trends (http://www.google.com/trends)
allows us to compare two or more search terms to
each other to see relative popularity and
seasonality/trending over time. If we enter the terms
into the search bar and separate them with a
comma, we will see the requested terms’ trend history
depicted in different colors on a graph spread over a
certain time period You can modify the results by
changing the time period and/or region.
 Experienced marketers often feel that this data is
imprecise (inaccurate) (and occasionally inaccurate)
because more accurate data from analytics and
search advertising campaigns have often say the
opposite to the results.

Google Trends gets its data from searches performed on Google.
 Google Trends is a great, easy tool for comparing keywords and
identifying which is more popular than the other; in addition, we can
examine this data over many years .
 Although Google Trends doesn’t supply figures, the graphs are
simple to understand and provide a perfect visual of search trends
over a particular period of time. Note that this works only with
relatively popular terms, not with long tail search terms.
 Cost
 Google Trends is free to use.

7. Hitwise
 Hitwise offers a wide range of competitive and web statistics via its
service. One component of the Hit wise suite, Hit wise Search
Intelligence, is a powerful keyword research tool for analyzing the
long tail of search data. It provides extensive insights into how people
have successfully searched for products and services across all major
search engines, including the breakdown of paid and organic traffic.
Hitwise Search Intelligence provides the following features:
• Timely information on search terms our specific competitors use
 Market-specific results, for taking advantage of cultural differences
on how people search locally.
• Information on terms that have been “clicked on” before visiting a
website or industry.
The ability to see actual keyword data on our competitors is an
extremely potent feature. we can see what is working for them and
what is not. This type of information is very powerful and can give us
a significant edge over the competition.

 Where it gets its data.
 Hitwise derives its data from more than 25 million people’s interaction
with the Internet (10 million from the United States). Hitwise collects
anonymous Internet usage information from a combination of ISP
data partnerships and opt-in panels.
The data is presented in percentages (the volume of searches, its
success rate with searchers), which makes it very easy to compare
the relative popularity of various keywords, but difficult to estimate
the actual number of searches for a given term.
Cost
Hit wise is not an inexpensive tool. The website does not list pricing
information, but we should be ready to spend $20,000 if we plan to
engage with this tool.

8. comScore Marketer
 Like Hitwise, comScore Marketer is a tool that provides a range of
data as a result of monitoring the behavior of actual users on the
Internet. This data includes details on search terms used, as well
as competitive search term analysis.
 What it provides.
ComScore Marketer comprises eight modules, but two of them
are particularly useful for keyword research:
 Site Profile (for Site(s) X)
This module tells us what search terms and search engines are
driving the most traffic to our site, to our competitor’s site, and
within our category.
 Profile Search Terms
This module tells us the demographic profile of people
searching on a set of search terms, as well as what sites these
searchers tend to visit.

 Where it gets its data.
ComScore monitors the behavior of approximately 2 million
users. These users have voluntarily joined comScore’s research panels
in return for free software, free Internet-based storage, or chances to
win prizes.
 How it is useful.
The data is presented in percentages (the volume of searches,
its success rate with searchers), which makes it very easy to compare
the relative popularity of various keywords, but difficult to estimate
the actual number of searches for a given term.
Cost
Pricing for comScore Marketer is available only upon contacting
the company. The primary audience for the product is mid-size to
large companies with developed SEM/SEO strategies, but the
company has some smaller clients as well.

9. Enquisite Optimizer
Enquisite Optimizer is a tool that provides some great insights into
our long tail search volume. One of its neat features is that it allows
you to group terms (e.g., all terms that include the word seo) and see
how those terms performed as a group. This data from Enquisite
Optimizer allows you to analyze not only which long tail terms are
bringing in traffic, but also which ones are leading to conversions.
 What it provides
 Enquisite Optimizer provides a deep and rich look at the long tail of
your search volume.
 Publishers incorporate a small amount of JavaScript on their site, and
then the tool collects data specific to the site. The JavaScript runs on
Akamai’s network, so the load time is very minimal.
 Because of the data collection method used, the data is specific to
the publisher’s site. It provides a close look at the long tail terms users
are currently using to find your site, and therefore provides you with
data you can use to consider ways to expand upon that traffic.

 Cost
As of May 2009, low-volume sites (fewer than 100,000
search referrals per month) are priced at $49.95 per
month.

Determining Keyword
Value/Potential ROI
Once we have the raw keyword data from the research with
our favorite tools, we need to analyze which tools have the
highest value and the highest ROI.
Following steps are required to follow for determining keyword
value and potential ROI
1. Estimating Value, Relevance, and Conversion Rates:-
When researching keywords for your site, it is important to judge
each keyword’s value, relevance, and potential conversion rate.
If a keyword is strong in all three criteria, it is almost certainly a
keyword you want to plan to optimize for within your site.
 Determining keyword value
When judging the value of a keyword, we should consider how
useful the term is for our site. How will our site benefit from
targeting these keywords?

 Identifying relevant keywords
To identify relevant, high-quality keywords,
ask our self the following questions:
 How relevant is the term/phrase to the content, services, products, or information
on our site?
Terms that are highly relevant will convert better than terms that are additional to
our content’s focus.
 Assuming a visitor who searches for that term clicks on our result in the SERPs, what
is the likelihood that she’ll perform a desired action on our site (make a purchase,
subscribe to a newsletter, etc.), create a link to our site, or influence others to visit?
It is a good idea to target keywords that indicate immediate action.
 How many people who search for this term will come to our site and leave
dissatisfied?
Pay attention to your site’s content and compare it to what other sites in the
top results are offering—are these sites doing or offering something that you
haven’t thought of?

 It is important to categorize your keywords into high and
low relevance.
 Generally, keywords of higher relevance will be more
beneficial to our site in that they best represent our site
as a whole. If, when judging the relevance of a keyword,
we answer “yes” to the preceding questions, you’ve
found a highly relevant term and should include it in your
targeting.
 Keywords with lower relevance than those that lead to
conversions can still be great terms to target. A keyword
might be relevant to our site’s content but have a low
relevance to our business model. In this case, if we
target that keyword, when a user clicks on our site and
finds the content to be valuable she is more likely to
return to the site, remember our brand, and potentially
link to our site or suggest it to a friend.

 Determining conversion rates
 The many different types of conversions create distinct opportunities for
targeting various keywords. Although one keyword may work well for
purchase conversions, another may be well suited to get users to
subscribe to something on our site. Regardless of what type of conversion
we are optimizing for, we should struggle to have each keyword that we
intentionally target convert well, meaning it should be relatively
successful at getting searchers to click through to our site and,
consequently, perform a specific action.
 To get a rough idea of the level of competition faced for a particular
term or phrase, the following metrics are valuable:
 Search Demand Volume (how many people are searching for this
keyword)
 Number of Paid Search Competitors and bid prices to get in the top
four positions
 Strength (age, link power, targeting, and relevance) of the Top 10
Results
 Number of Search Results

2. Testing Ad Campaign Runs and Third-Party Search Data
 The Third party search tools provide rough nature of the data
because the data sources each tool uses are limited. It turns out that
there is a way to get much more precise and accurate data—the
trick is to make use of Google AdWords.
 The idea is to take the keywords we are interested in and implement
a simple AdWords campaign. Assuming that we are implementing
this campaign solely to get keyword volume data, target position #4
or #5.
 Once we have run this for a few days, take a look at our AdWords
reports, and check out the number of impressions generated for the
keyword.
 Next is to decide the position of the keyword according to the CTR%

 Organic position Click-through rate
 1 42.1%
 2 11.9%
 3 8.5%
 4 6.1%
 5 4.9%

 This data, of course, is aggregated across a very large number of
searches on AOL, so it serves only as an estimate; but if you are in
position #1, the estimate is that 42.1% of the people who will search
on a term will click on our result.

3. Using Landing Page Optimization (perform variations in web page )
 Landing page optimization (sometimes also called conversion
optimization) is the practice of actively testing multiple variations of a
web page (or website) to see which one performs the best. Typically,
this is done as part of an effort to improve the conversion
performance of the site.
 The simplest form of this type of test is called an A/B test. A/B tests
involve creating two different versions of a page, and then randomly
picking which version to show to a new visitor to the site (old visitors
get the version they saw the last time they visited). We then measure
the behavior of the visitors to the two different versions to see which
group of visitors completes conversions on the site. We have to be
careful to wait until we have a statistically significant amount of data
to draw conclusion. Once we have this data we can analyze it and
decide on more tests, or simply pick the winner and move on.

 Multivariate testing is a bit more complex, because it involves more
than two variations in the test. In addition, you can mix and match
multiple variations. For example, you may want to try two different
logos, two different calls to action, three different page titles, two
different color schemes, and so on. In multivariate testing, any
combination of your elements could be what is shown to a particular
visitor.
 Landing page optimization can help in determining the value of a
keyword because one of the elements you can be testing is the
impact on coversion of variations of a keyphrase in the page title,
the page header, and in other strategic places on the page. One
variation of the test would use one keyphrase and the other variation
would use a different one.

Leveraging (influence) the Long
Tail of Keyword Demand (How
to find long tail keywords )
 The long tail of search queries in a given industry is
typically not visible via any of the major keyword
research services or search engine ad databases
likeGoogle AdWords, Yahoo! Search Marketing,
and MSN adCenter.
 In these instances, there is a research method to
find those terms that can carry value, but it requires
a good amount of research and analysis.
 Following are the methods for finding long tail
keywords.
1. Extracting Terms from Relevant Web Pages:-
Here is a basic process for finding those pages and
extracting that information from them:

1. Extract the top 10 to 50 most common search phrases
at the head of the distribution graph from your existing
keyword research in the industry.
2. Search Google, Yahoo!, and Bing for each term.
3. For each page in the top 10 to 30 results, extract the
unique usable text on the page..
4. Remove instances of terms/phrases already in our
keyword research database.
5. Sort through the most common remainders first, and
search as far down as we feel is valuable.

2. Mining Keyword Research Tools :-
 Although looking into keyword research tools for long tail data has
significant limitations, there are still ways to do it.
 For example, if we own a chain of pizza restaurants in 50 cities across
the country and we want to discover long tail terms, we can.
 Let’s we search Wordtracker’s output for a combined search on
Cheez Pizza, Italian Pizza, and veg. Pizza .
 Cheez Pizza delivery, is an example of a valid long tail term which got
29th
rank in search list. If some people search for cheez pizza delivery,
it becomes quite likely that others search for veg. pizza delivery.
 It does not show in this data, because the volume of queries
available to the keyword research tool is limited. All we are doing
with these combined searches is giving the search tools more data to
work with.
 Apply these logical long tail extensions across all of our cities, even
though the keyword tool shows it for only one, and we are likely to
attract search queries for those keywords.

3. Identifying Long Tail Patterns:-
We can also take another attempt at determining long tail information.
As a hypothetical example using digital camera, here are 40 searches for
two different brands and models of digital cameras that have been
pulled (for this demonstration) from the KeywordDiscovery database that
received only one search:
 • consumer comments on nikon 5.1 mp coolpix l3 digital camera
 • new nikon coolpix p3 8 1 mp digital camera memory
 • nikon 3 2 mp coolpix digital camera
 • nikon 51 mp coolpix s1 digital camera and cradle
 • nikon 6 mp coolpix digital camera
 • nikon 7 1 mp coolpix 7900 digital camera
 • nikon 81 mp coolpix 8800 digital camera
 • nikon coolpix 4800 4 mp digital camera

 • nikon coolpix 6.0 mp digital camera
 • nikon coolpix 8700 8mp 8x zoom digital camera 8 mp
 • nikon coolpix l2 6.0 mp digital camera
 • nikon coolpix l3 6 mp digital camera usa warranty
 • nikon coolpix p2 51 mp digital camera
 • best buy sony cybershot dsc t7 51 mp digital camera
 • brand new sony cybershot dsc h1 51 mp digital camera
 • camera digital sony cybershot 51 mp
 • sony - cybershot 10.1 mp digital camera
 • sony - cybershot 6.0 mp digital camera
 • sony 5 mp cybershot dsc t9 digital camera
 • sony 72 mp cybershot dsc p200 digital camera information
 • sony 72 mp cybershot dsc w7 digital camera
 • sony 72 mp digital still camera cybershot rebate
 • sony cybershot 10.1 mp digital camera
 • sony cybershot 7 2mp digital camera 7 2 mp
 • sony cybershot 72mp dsc w7 digital camera 72 mp
 • sony cybershot 81 mp digital camera
 • sony cybershot digital camera 5.1 mp

From the above research data we can conclude that
Our goal is to determine whether there are any universal patterns
that searchers tend to use when searching. Within this subset of
searches, a number of patterns stand out: Approximately 48% begin
with the brand name and end with digital camera.
 Approximately 35% are ordered brand, model name, model number,
megapixel, digital camera.
 Approximately 22.5% are ordered brand, megapixel, model name, digital
camera.
 A whopping 60% follow the overall pattern of brand, model name, digital
camera.

Editorial Content Strategies for Long Tail
Targeting
 One of the most difficult aspects of capturing traffic
from the long tail of search is creating relevant,
targeted content.
 Search engines rely on lexical analysis to determine
what a web page is about. As a result, our chances of
showing up for a long tail phrase are greatly increased
if we have that long tail phrase, or at least all the
words that make up the long tail phrase, on our page.
 For example we are selling canon digital camera disk
and we trying to find this keyword in a keyword
research tool Wordtracker then it returns following
values

 We can see in above example that the canon digital camera disk is
of 11th
position. That mean if we use digital camera as an keyword
then it will consider as short tail keyword so we should us digital
camera disk as a long tail keyword.
 Make sure the writers remain focused on producing quality content.
From a long tail perspective, More text is better because it creates
more possible long tail matches, but there are limits to that too. Don’t
put a 1,000-word article on our site unless it makes sense to our users
for us to do so.

User-Generated Content
Strategies for Long Tail Targeting
 User-generated content (UGC) can be a great way to obtain lots
of content that will help attract long tail traffic. Popular ways of
doing that include forums, reviews, blog comments, and a way
to upload videos or images, among others. As users submit
content, they do the hard work of writing the text we need to
capitalize on the long tail.
 There are some downsides to UGC, though. Generally speaking,
we need to moderate it to make sure people are not
contributing objectionable material we don’t want on our site.
 Even if we get community members to participate, we will still
need to manage them.
 In addition, we need to have a strategy for getting the process
started. In the case of a meeting, we need to develop a critical
mass of users to establish a real community. If we don’t establish
this critical mass, a high percentage of the posts we receive will
be one form of spam or another.

 To make UGC work, you need one or more of the
following:
 Significant existing daily site traffic. We should consider
that Narrowly focused topics can get going with a
smaller number of users.
 A way to generate a lot of murmur (telephone calls) to
generate site traffic.
 forceful supporting content.
 If we can succeed at this, we will give life to a
machine that produces long tail content on an
ongoing basis with comparatively low effort.

Trending, Seasonality, and
Seasonal Fluctuations in
Keyword
Demand
 One of the detail of keyword research, and of any fully developed
SEO strategy, is that the use of keywords change significantly over
time.
 For instance, major holidays without doubt lead to bursts of keyword
volume related to those holidays.
 For Example could be searches such as Halloween costumes, gift
ideas for Christmas, or Valentine’s candy.
 If we want to write holiday-related content, it will be important to
have our site visible in the SERPs for those search queries prior to that
holiday’s buying season so that we will get optimum traffic for those
terms. And since the search engines take considerable time in
ranking our pages, advance preparation is required.
 A similar pattern emerges for Christmas-related searches. Shown in
following example

 In the above example we can se that searches start
consistently increasing toward the end of September.
 With Valentine’s Day, the searches start in mid-
December.
 From the above examples we can conclude that In
each case, searches started increasing about two to
three months before the holiday, so it is important to
acknowledge that and start crafting our content and
targeting those keywords in sufficient time for them to
be indexed before the searches start gaining traction.

Questions…
1. Difference between long tail and short tail
keywords
2. What are the traditional Approaches for keyword
Research?
3. Explain Keyword Research Tools.
4. How we can find Keyword Value/Potential ROI?
5. Describe Trend, Seasonality, and Seasonal
Fluctuations in keyword demand.
6. Leveraging (influence) the Long Tail of Keyword
Demand
or
6. How to find long tail keywords

Keyword research

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