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1. Clarinda clare linus
Diploma in Medical Science
Intake January 2011
Lecturer : Dr angelo

2. Tonsil can be seen in the back of human throat
The palatine tonsils and the nasopharyngeal
tonsil are lymphoepithelial tissues located
near oropharynx and nasopharynx.
These immunocompetent tissues are the first
line of defense against ingested or inhaled
foreign pathogens.

5.  Tonsilitis is an  Sometimes the
inflammation or infection can involve
infection of the the lingual tonsils
tonsils. and lymph nodes in
the back of the
throat.

7. Bacteria (streptococcal
or hemophilus bacteria)
Viruses such as adenovirus or
Epstein – Barrvirus. Which also
causes mononucleasis
Diphteria, a serious disease
that produces a false membrane
in the throat

8.  Haemophilus is a
genus of Gram-
negative,
pleomorphic,
coccobacilli bacteria
belonging to the
Pasteurellaceae
family.While
Haemophilus
bacteria are typically
small coccobacilli.

9.  The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), also called
human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4), is a virus of
the herpes family and is one of the most
common viruses in humans. It is best known
as the cause of infectious mononucleosis.
 It is also associated with particular forms of
cancer, such as Hodgkin's lymphoma,
Burkitt's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal
carcinoma, and central nervous system
lymphomas associated with HIV

10.  red and/or swollen  earache
tonsils  fever
 white or yellow  chills
patches on the tonsils
 tender, stiff, and/or  nasal congestions
swollen neck  ulceration
 swollen lymph nodes  In cases of acute
 sore throat tonsillitis, the surface
 cough of the tonsil may be
 headache bright red and with
 sore eyes visible white areas or
 body aches streaks of pus.[5]

11.  Acute tonsilitis is  In some patients
due to exogenous there is accumulated
wind and heat.
heat in the spleen
These exogenous
pathogenic particles and stomach. When
invade the lung and exogenous wind and
ascend along the heat attack such
Lung Meridian to patients, heat gels in
attack the throat, the throat.
where they lodge in
the tonsils.

12.  The characteristic symptoms of acute
tonsilitits are sore throat accompanied by
chills and fever.
 Pain may radiate to ear and is aggravated by
swallowing.
 There usually are headache and aches in the
limbs. In severe cases, chills may be
accompanied by shaking and fever may reach
40C. Small children may have seizure.

13.  Examination shows red swelling of the
tonsils, usually on both sides. Often there is
yellow-white exudate in the tonsillar crypts.
The sub-maxillary lymph nodes are usually
enlarged and tender.
 Acute tonsilitis begins abruptly and tends to
run a short coursess of about a week. In
some cases, however, it may develop into
chronic tonsilitis or tonsillar abscess.

14.  Also, if acute tonsilitis is untreated or
inadequately treated, it may become
complicated by theumatic heart disease or
glomerulonephritis.

15. Throat culture – identifying
organism causing the infection.
Complete blood count (CBC) –
help determine if the infection is caused
wether by a virus or bacteria

16. Irrigation – is a process or method that removes tonsil
stones and cleanes the tonsil cryptis effectively that uses
oral irrigation.
Curettage – is a process that the large parts of the
tonsils need to be removed.
Laser – tonsil stones surfaces or crypts/crevices can also be
decreased through laser surfacing.
Surgery – removal of tonsils
Self treatment – by gargling warm water with salt and by
using non-alcoholic mouth wash

17.  Avoid people who have strep throat or any of
the bacterial or viral infections that can lead
to acute tonsilitis

18.  A person can get acute tonsilitis by
 Coming into contact with someone who has
strep throat or mononucleosis
 Having strep throat that develops into
tonsilitis
 Sharing utensils or tooth brushes with
someone carrying strep bacteria or epstein-
barr virus.

19.  Depend on  Surgery to remove
medications used, tonsils can cause
which may include bleeding, infection
allergic reactions or allergic reactions
and upset stomach. to anesthesia

20.  www.medicineonline.com/articles/A/2/Acute
tonsilitis
 www.tonsilitis-treatments.com/new-tonsil-
stones-treatment-2012/
 Montrealnd.wordpress.com
 En.wikipedia.org/wiki/tonsil