Overview of organ systems, homeostasis, and specifically muscular and skeletal systems.

1. Ch. 13; Homeostasis, Bones, Muscles, Levers
Organ Systems & Homeostasis
The Skeletal System
The Muscular System
Machines and the Body
Types of Levers

2. Ch. 13; Homeostasis, Bones, Muscles, Levers
Organ Systems & Homeostasis
The Skeletal System
The Muscular System
Machines and the Body
Types of Levers

3. Main Ideas
Plants & animals have levels of organization; cells,
tissues, organs, organ systems.
Bones & muscles work together for movement.
Joints in the bones can be found in machines.
Hinge, ball-and-socket, sliding.
Levers convey mechanical advantage.

4. Organ Systems & Homeostatis
Homeostasis; The ability of an organism to keep
a stable internal environment regardless of the
weather, etc. ie sweating & shivering.

5. Cells

6. Tissues

7. Eleven Organ Systems
Crime Nerdsi
Circulatory system; Blood & carrying oxygen.
Respiratory system; Breathing & burning food.
Integumentary system; Skin & protection.
Muscular system; Muscles & movement.
Endocrine system; Hormones & communication.
Nervous system; Nerves, sensing & responding.
Excretory; Kidneys & taking out the trash.
Reproductive system; Eggs & sperm & making copies.
Digestive system; Intestines & food processing
Skeletal system; Bones & support
Immune system; White cells antibodies & protection.

8. Digestive & Excretory

9. Integumentary system

10. Nervous system

11. Circulatory system

12. Immune system

13. Skeletal system
Movement
Protection
Calcium & phosphorous storage
Blood cell production

14. Bone connections; joints
Immovable joints; sutures ie skull
Movable joints;
Ligaments; hold bones together
Cartilage; keeps bones in a joint from rubbing.
Tendon; attaches muscle to bone.
Compact, spongy, marrow; a living system.

15. Hinge, ball-&-socket

16. Sliding & Pivot Joints

17. Bone Internal Structure

18. Muscular System
Involuntary; digestive tract, pupils
“auto pilot”.
Voluntary; bone muscles; “think &
move”.
Skeletal; voluntary, moves body.
Cardiac; Involuntary, heart.
Smooth; Involuntary, digestive,
blood vessels.

19. Muscle pairs
Muscles only work when they contract.
So, they have to work in pairs.
Start... stop. Return... stop.

20. Machines & the Body
Force; A push or pull.
Work; A force exerted over distance. W = F X D
Force is measured in Newtons.
Work = lift 50N X 3m = 150N-m of work is done.
What if the object weighs more than you can lift?
A machine allows you to do more work using Levers.
Math practice; pg. 535.

21. Levers, work, & force...

22. Calculating Mechanical Advantage

23. Three Classes of
Insert diagram from pg. 537 of text

24. Bone-Muscle Levers and Fulcrums