1. PHI 1000 Free Will, Beauty, Body and Mind Essay
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EssayIntroductionPhilosophy explains many diverse aspects of life. There are famous
philosophers whose philosophies are studied today to give a better understanding of life
issues. They include Aristotle, Plato, Kant, and Hume, among others. Three chosen topics are
going to be discussed in a philosophical light. These are human and body, free will, and the
perception of beauty. The following paper is going to discuss the philosophical issues
selected, state the personal position on the problems in contrast with alternative views,
defend the opinions with clear and logical reasoning, and respond to likely objections. PHI
1000 Free Will, Beauty, Body and Mind Essay.The Mind And BodyThe mind and body are
two essential parts of a human being. There is a philosophical debate on the relationship
between the mind and body. The brain works in terms of thoughts and consciousness. It is
non-physical and intangible. The body, on the other hand, is the physical aspect of the body.
The debate asks as to whether the body and the mind depend on one another and if they do,
which part of the body is more superior than the other.Dualism is one of the theories that
attempt to explain the relationship between the mind and body. The theory says that human
beings have both a brain which is the non-physical aspect and the body, which is the
substantial part of a human being (Knobe, & Nichols, 2013). Descartes dualism theory
argues that the mind and the body are two separate entities. However, the tangible and
intangible aspects of the body interact and work together. The theory explains that the body
and the brain interact through the pineal gland. The theory suggests that the brain is in
charge of the body as Bunge (2014). It makes decisions and rational choices that are
followed by the body. However, there are instances as well that the body controls the brain.
In cases of passion, the body controls the mind and acts despite ration.There is another
opposing theory called monism (Mehta, 2011). The approach has two classifications.
Materialism is one classification that says that all things are material and that there are no
non-tangible things that exist like a brain. The following classification is phenomenalism.
The theory states that all physical things are reduced to mental thinks, which ultimately
means that all items are mental.The monism theory that holds that only either tangible or
intangible objects exist does not hold up. As much as the brain makes a decision, it needs a
physical element to perform the actions. The body, on its own, cannot exist without a
conscious that tells it what to do and make decisions rationally.Free WillFree will is the
ability if a human being to make a correct decision when faced with difficult choices. It is
2. motivated by responsibility, fear, guilt, and sin, among others. The relationship between
free will, determinism, and moral responsibility have been the topic of debate for quite
some time. Moral responsibility is the ability of an individual to distinguish between what is
right and wrong and follow the right path. However, philosophers argue that there is no
moral responsibility without free will (Nahmias, & Murray, 2011). An individual should
have a discrete brain and have the ability to make decisions without depending on another
person. Only with free will can they have the ability to make morally responsible and
virtuous ones too.Determinism is the other philosophy that addresses free will.
Determinism says that a person’s past events, in conjunction with nature, determine the
future of a person. With this in mind, it means that there are events from every person’s
past that determine their future. This theory directly undermines free will. According to
determinism, an individual cannot make decisions as naturally; they are bound to
happen.Compatibilism is the answer to the dilemma surrounding free will. This theory
suggests that determinism and free will can co-exist. One of them does not render the other
useless. The conflict is brought about by the fact that free will is not defined in one way.
There are varying definitions. However, the two can coexist. PHI 1000 Free Will, Beauty,
Body and Mind Essay.Appreciating BeautyThe topic of beauty is among the most
controversial issues of all times. There are very different perceptions of beauty, and they all
have origins from the fathers of philosophy. In the eighteenth century, Hume already had
devised one way of looking at beauty. He said that beauty is not in the physical attributes.
Instead, beauty is it depends on the mind that views it. Different minds perceive beauty
differently and consequently, people. While one person may see beauty, another person
may only recognize undesirable traits. However, every individual should hold on to what
their view of beauty may be without regulating other’s opinions of beauty.Socrates and
Aristotle define beauty in terms of mathematics. They claim that science and mathematics
could prove anything. Hence, beauty is indicating by symmetry and has an order. However,
Plato defined beauty in a whole new perceptive (Swami, & Salem, 2011). He claimed that
beauty is an objective quality. Some philosophies dictate that beauty of a human being
comes from within. People with good behaviours and extraordinary personalities tend to
display beauty. This is a direct relation of harmony with one’s ability to have free will and
functional relationships between the brain and body. All three qualities seem to be
connected in one way or another.From these definitions, it is clear how diverse the opinions
of different philosophers are. They are not related to one another in any way. However,
Hume’s definition of beauty seems to be more sensible. People perceive beauty differently
because they have different brains.ConclusionFrom the discussions above on the
philosophies on the mind and body, free will, and the perception of beauty, it is clear that all
these functions are related. The fact that stands out is the fact that the brain is the primary
controller of all the features of the mind. It controls the physical aspect of a human being,
which is the body, controls the free will of individuals, and finally is the organ that perceives
beauty. It is because if the brain that different individuals see beauty
differently.ReferencesBunge, M., (2014). The mind-body problem: A psychobiological
approach. Elsevier.Knobe, J., & Nichols, S. (Eds.). (2013). Experimental philosophy (Vol. 2).
Oxford University Press.Mehta, N., (2011). Mind-body dualism: A critique from a health
3. perspective. Men’s Sana Monographs, 9(1), 202.Nahmias, E., & Murray, D. (2011).
Experimental philosophy on free will: An error theory for incompatibilist intuitions. In New
waves in philosophy of action (pp. 189-216). Palgrave Macmillan, London.Swami, V., &
Salem, N. (2011). The evolutionary psychology of human beauty. Wiley.
