This presentation will provide you the details of a special category of the so called Medical Nanorobots known as "Microbivores" or the artificial white blood cells.

1. MICROBIVORES
- NISHANT YADAV
SHRI RAM MURTI SMARAK COLLEGE OF ENGG. & TECHNOLOGY
PRESENTATION ON

2. OUTLINE
 Nanorobots
 Types of Nanorobots
 Microbivores
 Applications
 Advantages
 Challenges
 Conclusion

3. NANOROBOTS
 Integrated and embedded system
 Consists of nanosensors, processors

4. NANOROBOTS
 Picowatts of power required
 Transmission Antenna of 200nm size
 Sonar communication

5. TYPES OF NANOROBOTS
 Concept proposed by Dr. Robert A Freitas
 Basic 3 types-
 Respirocytes
 Microbivores
 Clottocytes

6. RESPIROCYTES
 artificial mechanical red blood cells
 carry oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules
 constructed of 18 billion atoms
 deliever 236 times more oxygen to the body
tissues when compared to natural red blood
cells
 spherical 1 µm diameter sized

7. MICROBIVORE
 artificial white blood cell or nanorobotic
phagocytes
 spheroid device 3.4 µm in diameter
 consist of 610 billion precisely arranged atoms
 Traps blood pathogens & breaks them
 1000 times faster than white blood cells

8. CLOTTOCYTES
 artificial platelets
 powered by serum-oxyglucose
 reduces the clotting time & blood loss
 performs clotting in approximately 1 sec while
the natural time is 4-5 mins

9. MICROBIVORE
STRUCTURE
 Programmed spheroid device
 3.4 µm diameter along MAJOR axis and 2 µm
diameter along MINOR axis
 610 billion arranged carbon atoms in diamond
structure

10. MICROBIVORE
 COMPONENTS
 Four basic components -
 Binding sites
 Grapples
 Morcellation chamber
 Digestion chamber

11. MICROBIVORE

12. MICROBIVORE
 WORKING
 target bacterium binds to the microbivore
surface via binding sites
 telescopic robotic grapples rise up from the
surface and attach to the trapped bacterium
 grapple’s handoff motion can transport the
bacterium from binding site to the ingestion
port

13. MICROBIVORE
 the bacterium is internalized into the
morcellation chamber
 bacterium is minced into nanoscale pieces
 remains are pistoned into the digestion
chamber which consists of a pre-programmed
set of digestive enzymes
 These enzymes are injected and extracted 6
times during a single digestion cycle

14. MICROBIVORE
 Morcellate is progressively reduced into amino
acids, free fatty acid and simple sugars
by specifically selected sequence of 40
enzymes
 These small molecules are then discharged
into the blood stream through the exhaust port
 After the destruction of pathogens the
microbivores exits the body through the
kidneys and are then excreted in urine

15. MICROBIVORE
 Consumes 200 pW power during the operation
 metabolizes local glucose and oxygen for
power or may be externally supplied with
acoustic power

16. APPLICATIONS
 Drug delivery
 Body surveillance
 Surgery
 Cancer detection and treatment

17. APPLICATIONS
 Gene therapy
 Diabetes treatment

18. ADVANTAGES
 Most animal cells are 10,000 to 20,000 nm in
diameter so microbivores are easy to inject
 Glucose or natural body sugars and oxygen
might be a source for propulsion
 1000 times faster & 80 times more efficient
than natural phagocytes
 completely destroy one pathogen in just 30
seconds

19. DISADVANTAGES
 Change in behaviour at nano level,may not be
suitable for body
 High cost

20. CHALLENGES
 Larger nanoparticles may accumulate in vital
organs
 Nanorobots of larger size will block capillary
flow

21. CONCLUSION
 The concept of microbivores is just a theoritical
justification till now
 But the recent advancement in the field of
nanotechnology gives the hope of the effective use of
this technology in medical field
 Diseases like AIDs,cancer can be treated permanently
at any stage using these technologies
 It can be a great replacement for the existing medical
technology in terms of fast results and efficiency