Community health,,,a study done in githongo

1. Water, Sanitation and
Diarrheal Disease In Murii
Village.

2. Introduction
• Water:-Water is the most abundant compound on
Earth's surface, covering about 70 percent of the
planet. In nature, water exists in liquid, solid, and
gaseous states.
• Sanitation:-is the hygienic means of promoting
health through prevention of human contact with
the hazards of wastes as well as the treatment and
proper disposal of sewage wastewater.
• Diarrhea diseases:-is the condition of having
three or more loose or liquid bowel movements
per day . The most common cause is
gastroenteritis.(According to Wikipedia)

3. Introduction cont…
• Access to water and sanitation is a fundamental
human right and essential to life, health and
dignity.

4. Background of study
• In Kenya According to the Joint Monitoring
Programmer’s 2012 report, access to safe water
supplies throughout Kenya is 59% and access
to improved sanitation is 32%.
• There is still an unmet need in rural and urban
areas for both water and sanitation.

5. Significance of the study
• To give a well conducted report on water,
sanitation and diarrheal disease which is a national
health endeavor.
• To provide knowledge on how to improve water
handling and sanitation in order to cease water
related diseases.
• And most importantly to equip us students with
field work exposure.

6. Objective of the study
Broad objective
• To indentify the relationship between diarrhea and
water.
Specific objective
• To identify the source of the water in the area
• To indentify the means ways of water treatment
• To investigate the knowledge of community about
diarrhea

7. Study Area
• The study was
carried out at
Githongo
district in
Kibaranyaki
location Murii
village.
• Githongo
district

8. Study area cont.…
• The main language spoken in Murii village is
Ameru,but a few speak both English and
Swahili.
• The economic activity of most residents in Murii
village is mostly subsistence and cash crop
farming.
• Livestock keeping and Dairy cattle farming.
• Bee keeping.
• The rest are in diversified occupations ranging
from shopkeepers to nurses.

12. Study Design
• We carried a baseline study and a quantitative
research at Githongo district in Kibaranyaki
location, Murii village.

13. Study population
• The study group was the general public, based on
randomly selected households covering the whole
study area.

14. Sampling Procedure and Sample
Size
• The sample size included a range of 570 inhabitants
within Murii village.
• We carried out the research using availability
sampling to reduce bias and ease the workload
where interviews were conducted according to the
availability and presence of the respondents in the
households involved.
• We estimated to have covered a total of 33
households, hence 33 respondents.

15. Data Collection Procedures
And Tools
• Observation and issuing of interviewed-administered
questionnaires were used as data collection tools.
• We first acquired technical skill through training, which we
undertook for one week from our experienced field research
lecturers.
• Developing questionnaires.
• Piloting of the questionnaires to three interviewees.
• Correction of some of the questions in the questionnaires.

16. Data Management And Analysis
• The data collected was organized, tabulated and
analyzed by all the group members.
• Frequencies and percentages were used and
presentations were done using graphs, charts and
summaries

17. Ethical Consideration
• Acquiring informed consent before interviewing
the respondent.
• Ensuring the confidentiality of the respondent is
met.
• Voluntary participation

18. Study findings
CASES OF DIARRHEA IN MURII VILLAGE
YES, 13
NO, 20
25
20
15
10
5
0
YES NO
NUMBER OF THE RESPONDENTS
RESPONSE OF THE RESPONDENTS

19. Study findings cont.…
OUT OF THE 13 RESPONDENTS
WHO HAD CONTRACTED
DIARHOEA;
THEIR OPINIONS ON DIARHOEA
Only 1 Believed that diarrhoea is caused by
drinking dirty water.
4 Believed that diarrhoea is caused by
ingesting dirty food.
Only 1 Believed that diarrhoea is caused by
poor personal hygiene.
4 Believed that diarrhoea is caused taking
food that is not well prepared.
Only 1 Believed that diarrhoea is a symptom to
typhoid.
Only 1 Believed that diarrhoea is caused by
worms.
Only 1 Believed that diarrhoea is caused by
drinking dirty water and eating dirty
food.

20. Study findings cont.….
7
WATER SOURCES USAGE OF RESPONDENTS IN MURII
1
18
VILLAGE
2
6
3
1
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1 1,2,4 1,3 1,3,5 1,3,6 1,4 1,4,5
NUMBER OF PEOPLE
WATER SOURCES
KEY
1. Tap
2. Borehole
3. River
4. Dam
5. Rain
6. Others

21. Study findings cont.…
NUMBER OF RESPONDENTS WHO TREAT DRINKING
30
3
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
WATER
TREAT DO NOT TREAT
NUMBER OF RESPONDENTS
RESPONSE OF RESPONDENTS IN MURII VILLAGE
TREAT
DO NOT TREAT

22. Study findings cont…
METHOD OF WATER
TREATMENT USED
NUMBER OF PEOPLE USING
THE SPECIFIC METHOD
Boiling 28
Using chemicals i.e. water guard 2
Using herbs -
Using purifying stones -

23. Study findings cont.….
RESPONDENTS WHO HAVE ACCESS TO TOILET FACILTY
33
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
NUMBER OF RESPONDENTS
RESPONSE OF RESPONDENTS
NUMBER OF PEOPLE WHO HAVE ACCESS TO TOILET FACILITIES

24. Discussion
• Water usage and distribution was commendable in
Murii village, due to the fact that there was proper
distribution of piped water to each household hence
reducing the chances of contamination.
• Sanitation in Murii area was up to standard, given that
latrines are present in all the households that we
visited and also close proximity of piped water
present in the households.
• According to our survey, there was no any incidence
of diarrhoeal disease related to water contamination
and poor sanitation standards. But the few cases we
identified were secondary symptoms to malaria and
typhoid.

25. Conclusion
• According the results obtained from our survey we
concluded that, Murii residents had access to
proper water supply, good knowledge on water
treatment and practised proper hygiene acquired
through the education obtained from community
health workers.(CHW’S)

26. Recommendations
• The community health workers should teach the
residents alternative ways of treating drinking
water, like using chemicals such as water guard.
• Provide proper water storage facilities for the
residents in Murii area, like water tanks

27. Breather…..

28. A Toilet Facility In Murii Village.

29. One Of Our Group Members
Illustrating A Channelled
River.

31. Challenges encountered
• Challenging terrain
• Language barrier
• Unwelcoming weather conditions

32. Acknowledgment
• Almighty God.
• KeMU fraternity.
• Chief of Kibaranyaki location: Mr. Julius M. and his
administrative team.
• Area manager: Mr. Kimathi.
• Residents of Murii village.
• The group members:
George,Lemayian,Sheikh,Bob and Wilson.