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OBJECT
LOCALISATION
~ It is used for the localization of foreign object or an
impacted tooth with in jaw.
~ Dental radiograph is a two dimentional image, that
gives orientation of image in either IOPA view
(superoinferior or anteroposterior direction) or
OCCLUSAL view (buccolingual direction).
~ Sometimes, it become necessary to determine the
three-dimentional position of object.
INDICATIONS
 Foreign objects
 Salivary gland stones
 Canal position
 Impacted/Unerupted teeth
 Root piece
 Filling material in alveolar process
 Broken needle
 Superimposition
Buccal Object Rule
• Discovered by Richard in 1952
• The relative position of radiographic
images of two separate objects changes
when the projection angle at which images
were made is changed
TECHNIQUES
 Clark technique
 Right angle technique
 Radiopaque wire technique
CLARK Technique
• By C.A. Clark in 1910
• Tube shift cone technique or SLOB (same
lingual opposite buccal).
• It is based on the principle of Parallax-
When an object is viewed from two different
positions,the object appears to move in
different directions.
• To determine the relative buccolingual
relationship between two structures that
appear radiographically superimposed , a
second radiograph is taken with a different
horizontal angulation(or a horizontal tube
shift).
All factors remain same for second
exposure, except that the tube is shifted
about 20 degree either mesially or distally.
Two periapical radiograph are taken of the
same area , with the horizontal angulation of
tube when the second film is taken.
If the object in question moves in Same
direction as the cone, it is Lingually
positioned.
If the object moves in the Opposite direction
, it is situated closer to the source of
radiation and is therefore Buccally positioned.
This relationship can be summed up with the
word SLOB ~ Same- lingual Opposite- buccal
Lingual body moves in
same direction
Buccal body moves in
opposite direction
• This technique is more useful in the
mandibular region because in mandibular
region cross sectional view is possible.
• While in maxillary region x-ray beam has
to pass through various parts of facial
bones this will results in superimposition of
images.
• This technique employs two projections of
the same object taken at right angles
(perpendicular) to each other.
• One of the standard intraoral radiograph is
taken along with an occlusal radiograph
• Periapical radiograph shows the object in
inferior/superior and anterior/posterior
direction
• Occlusal radiograph shows the
facial/lingual and anterior/posterior
position
Object seen in
periapical
radiograph
Periapical
radiograph showing
impacted canine
Occlusal radiograph
showing object on
lingual side
Occlusal view
taken at right
angle showing
impacted canine is
lingually positioned
Radiopaque Wires technique
• This technique is used in case of
edentulous region.
• When the teeth are not present,
radiopaque wires of different shape are
placed in sheet of wax that is molded over
the edentulous area as denture base.
• Other principles are same as that used in
SLOB technique.
LOCALIZES in 3 Dimensions
DISADVANTAGES
Can be used in maxilla but not that useful
like in mandible due to superimpositions
FISS
URE BUR
FOREIGN BODY
WATER VIEW LATERAL VIEW
INTRA OSSEOUSTUMOURS
Occlusal
view
Lateral view
Lateral
oblique
Occlusal view
oblocalisation-141203091946-conversion-gate02.pptx

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oblocalisation-141203091946-conversion-gate02.pptx

  • 2. ~ It is used for the localization of foreign object or an impacted tooth with in jaw. ~ Dental radiograph is a two dimentional image, that gives orientation of image in either IOPA view (superoinferior or anteroposterior direction) or OCCLUSAL view (buccolingual direction). ~ Sometimes, it become necessary to determine the three-dimentional position of object.
  • 3. INDICATIONS  Foreign objects  Salivary gland stones  Canal position  Impacted/Unerupted teeth  Root piece  Filling material in alveolar process  Broken needle  Superimposition
  • 4. Buccal Object Rule • Discovered by Richard in 1952 • The relative position of radiographic images of two separate objects changes when the projection angle at which images were made is changed
  • 5.
  • 6. TECHNIQUES  Clark technique  Right angle technique  Radiopaque wire technique
  • 7. CLARK Technique • By C.A. Clark in 1910 • Tube shift cone technique or SLOB (same lingual opposite buccal). • It is based on the principle of Parallax- When an object is viewed from two different positions,the object appears to move in different directions.
  • 8. • To determine the relative buccolingual relationship between two structures that appear radiographically superimposed , a second radiograph is taken with a different horizontal angulation(or a horizontal tube shift). All factors remain same for second exposure, except that the tube is shifted about 20 degree either mesially or distally.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11. Two periapical radiograph are taken of the same area , with the horizontal angulation of tube when the second film is taken. If the object in question moves in Same direction as the cone, it is Lingually positioned. If the object moves in the Opposite direction , it is situated closer to the source of radiation and is therefore Buccally positioned. This relationship can be summed up with the word SLOB ~ Same- lingual Opposite- buccal
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14. Lingual body moves in same direction
  • 15.
  • 16. Buccal body moves in opposite direction
  • 17. • This technique is more useful in the mandibular region because in mandibular region cross sectional view is possible. • While in maxillary region x-ray beam has to pass through various parts of facial bones this will results in superimposition of images.
  • 18. • This technique employs two projections of the same object taken at right angles (perpendicular) to each other. • One of the standard intraoral radiograph is taken along with an occlusal radiograph • Periapical radiograph shows the object in inferior/superior and anterior/posterior direction • Occlusal radiograph shows the facial/lingual and anterior/posterior position
  • 20. Occlusal radiograph showing object on lingual side Occlusal view taken at right angle showing impacted canine is lingually positioned
  • 21. Radiopaque Wires technique • This technique is used in case of edentulous region. • When the teeth are not present, radiopaque wires of different shape are placed in sheet of wax that is molded over the edentulous area as denture base. • Other principles are same as that used in SLOB technique.
  • 22.
  • 23. LOCALIZES in 3 Dimensions DISADVANTAGES Can be used in maxilla but not that useful like in mandible due to superimpositions