1. THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF
SPEECHES
By: Elizabeth W. Santos

2. WHAT IS A SPEECH?
• The act (art) of speaking.
• The act (art) of expressing or describing
thoughts, feelings, or perceptions by the
articulation of words.
• A talk or public address

3. Why do we have Speeches?
To Inform
To Persuade
To Entertain

4. PURPOSE
•To draw attention to you and your speech
•To introduce the subject
•To capture your audience’s attention
•Give the audience a reason to listen
•Build up to the main reason(s) for your speech
•Summarize the main idea(s) of your speech.
•Establish your credibility

5. Some Understandings
 Only you will know if you look or sound
nervous.
 Almost every speaker has some form of
nervousness.
 Your anxiety can be useful.
 Not every word is going to be heard,
understood or even thought of.
 With exception, the audience does not hinge
on every word you say.
 They may only hear the beginning and the
ending.
 You can control the outcome of your speech

6. How do we prevent anxiety?
 Know how to develop a presentation
 Know your audience; select an appropriate topic
 Be prepared, don’t procrastinate
 Practice, practice, practice
 Focus on your audience; listen/look for support,
clues
 Focus on you message, know the intro and
conclusion
 Think positively, visualize your success, mental
pep talk
 Anxiety can be useful, channel your nervous
energy
 Deep breathing and other exercises
 Take advantage of speaking opportunities
 Get professional help

7. What is in a speech?
Introduction
Body
Conclusion

8. THREE MAIN TYPES OF
SPEECHES
Informative
Persuasive
Special
occasion

9. THE INFORMATIVE SPEECH
 As the word “informative”
implies, an informative speech
“informs” those in attendance by
providing them with information.

10. THIS COULD BE
 Speeches About Objects
 Speeches About Events
 Speeches About Concepts
 Speeches About Processes

11. SPEECHES ABOUT EVENTS
 Events are happenings or occurrences, both past
and present, so possible speech topics include the
following:
 The origins of the holiday known as Halloween
 What led to the Salem Witch Trials
 The Primary Causes of World War II

12. SPEECHES ABOUT OBJECTS
 Objects are things that are tangible and,
thus, recognized through sight, hearing,
taste, or touch; so speeches about objects
include those about people, places,
animals, structures, etc

13. SPEECHES ABOUT CONCEPTS
Concepts are
ideas,
philosophies,
hypotheses, and
arguments.

14. SPEECHES ABOUT PROCESSES
A process is how
something is
made, how
something is
done, or how
something works

15. THE PERSUASIVE SPEECH
 A persuasive speech usually
challenges an audience’s beliefs
and/or tries to move those in
attendance to change existing
viewpoints or at least recognize the
validity of opposing viewpoints.

16. TYPES OF PERSUASIVE
SPEECHES
 There are three main types of
persuasive speeches
Questions of fact
Questions of value
Questions of policy

17. SPEECHES FOR SPECIAL
OCCASIONS
 There are myriad special
occasions in life, for
example, birthdays,
anniversaries, graduations,
weddings, christenings,
award presentations,
retirement dinners, and
funerals.

18. THERE ARE SEVERAL IMPORTANT
POINTS TO KEEP IN MIND:
 The speech must fit the
occasion. If the occasion
is formal, for example,
the speech should be as
well; but if the occasion
is casual, the speech
should reflect a similar
mood.

19. THERE ARE SEVERAL IMPORTANT
POINTS TO KEEP IN MIND:
The speech must
meet the allotted
time. Speakers
should be neither
too brief nor too
longwinded.

20. THERE ARE SEVERAL IMPORTANT
POINTS TO KEEP IN MIND:
 Intended remarks must be
accurate. For example, if
someone is presenting an
award and intends to
begin with interesting
facts about the recipient,
these facts must be
correct.

21. Things to use
 Illustrations
 Anecdotes
 Startling facts or statistics
 Quotations
 Humor
 Questions
 References to historical events
 References to recent events
 Personal references
 References to the occasions
 References to previous speeches/speakers

22. SIMPLY…
An introduction presents a
reason, a grasp onto your
audience from which they will
want to listen to what you have
to say.

23. Body
This is the main portion
of your speech, the
reason why you are
talking, perhaps the
reason why your
audience is there.

24. Developing the body
• Select and narrow your topic
• Determine your purpose
• Develop your central idea
• Develop your main ideas

25. Selecting your topic
Things to consider:
The audience
The occasion
Yourself

26. Conclusion
•Summarizes the speech
•Reemphasizes the main idea in a
memorable way
•Motivates the audience
•Provides closure

27. A little secret
•If there is any part of your speech
which you can get away with
memorizing,
•It is the introduction and conclusion.
•Whereas when you get in trouble,
•Just give your conclusion.
•No one will know.

28. How many types of
Communication are there?
Verbal
Nonverbal

29. Verbal
We can control this by:
•Volume
•Articulation
•Dialect
•Pronunciation
•Pitch
•Rate
•Pauses

30. Nonverbal
Different factors to keep in mind:
•Eye contact
•Gestures
•Movement
•Posture
•Facial expressions
•Personal appearance
•Audience

31. Acknowledgement
 Public Speaking, An audience-centered
approach, 5th edition, Steven and Susan
Beebe
 Communication, Principles for a lifetime, 2nd
Edition, Steven and Susan Beebe, Diana K.
Ivy
 Communication Works, 8th Edition, Teri and
Michael Gamble
 Public Speaking, Lions Leadership Institute,
Lions Clubs International