CT2 ASSIGNMENT 2

1. PORTAL FRAMES

2. APPLICATION
S

3. 2 COMMON MATERIALS
AND THEIR DIFFERENCES

6. STEEL PORTAL
FRAMEMATERIAL USED: STEEL
• More resistant to earthquake and wind.
• Has higher tensile strength.
• Prone to corrosion.
• Less fire resistant than concrete.
• Cost of repair is less and repair are
comparatively easy.

7. CONCRETE PORTAL
FRAMEMATERIAL USED: REINFORCED CEMENT
CONCRETE • Less resistant to earthquake and wind.
• Lower tensile strength
• Less prone to corrosion
• Fire resistant
• Cost of repair is more and repair work
are complicated

8. • More resistant to earthquake and wind.
• Has higher tensile strength.
• Prone to corrosion.
• Less fire resistant than concrete.
• Cost of repair is less and repair are
comparatively easy.
• Less resistant to earthquake and wind.
• Lower tensile strength
• Less prone to corrosion
• Fire resistant
• Cost of repair is more and repair work
are complicated
STEEL CONCRETE

9. ADVANTAGES
OF STEEL PORTAL FRAMES

10. THESE STEEL-FRAMED COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
WERE CONSTRUCTED QUICKLY AND EASILY. THEY
PROVIDE LARGE CLEAR-SPAN INTERNAL SPACES,
IDEAL FOR ACCOMMODATING MACHINERY,
VEHICLES, STAFF AND CUSTOMERS.
SPEED AND EASE OF ERECTION

11. BUILDING WITH STEEL FRAMES WILL SAVE YOU
TIME AND MONEY IN KEY AREAS OF YOUR
CONSTRUCTION PROJECT.
COST EFFECTIVENESS

12. STEEL’S RELIABLE PROPERTIES MEAN DESIGNS
CAN BE CUSTOMISED TO PRECISE CUSTOMER
SPECIFICATIONS BEFORE CONSTRUCTION STARTS.
AN EXISTING BUILDING CAN ALSO BE ADDED ONTO
OR RECONFIGURED EASILY.
FLEXIBLE & ADAPTIBLE DESIGN

13. STEEL IS LIGHT, STRONG AND DURABLE. IT IS A
QUALITY ALTERNATIVE TO CONCRETE
STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS, AND HAS SIGNIFICANT
SAFETY FEATURES.
QUALITY AND SAFETY

14. BUILDING WITH STEEL IS GOOD FOR THE
ENVIRONMENT. IT RESULTS IN LESS WASTE AND
STEEL IS 100% RECYCLABLE.
SUSTAINABILITY

15. DIAGONAL BRACES
AND THEIR FUNCTION

16. LATERAL LOAD

18. STABILITY
• AKA Moment Resisting Connections.
• Form a resistance against lateral actions.
• Allows the structure to provide a sufficient clear span.

19. BALANCES COMPRESSION
AND TENSION

20. CROSS-BRACE K or CHEVRON ECCENTRIC
COMMON TYPES OF BRACING

22. PREVENTS LATERAL BUCKLING OF ROOF MEMBERS

23. STRUCTURE CONSIDERATIONS
STABILITY + COST + STRENGTH

24. INSTALLATION PROCESS
OF STEEL FRAMES

25. GL
Construct the foundation and prefabricate
the steel frames.
1

26. Installation of column.
The legs and stanchions of the portal
frames need connecting at the bottom to the
foundation.
2

27. Lift up the rafter by crane and fix with bolts
and nuts to the column.
3

28. Purlins are then bolted to rafters through
washer plate.
4

29. Diagonal bracing to prevent movement
caused by wind.
5

30. Fixing of roof sheeting by self tapping
screws.
6

31. Finishing work after sheet installed
7

32. JANELLE CEZAR | JEAN LAI SCHON | CHOW WENFANG | EN CHENG EN | HING KA WAI
PORTAL FRAMES