A Fear Memory Engram and Its Plasticity in the Hypothalamic Oxytocin System

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Vic Shao-Chih Chiang

Ciências

Current Literature
2019: Vic Shao-
Chih Chiang,
Erinda Morina,
Andy Bartlett

S Maren et al. I Liberzon (2013) Nat Neurosci Rev 14
How do we fear?

SA Josselyn et al. PW Frankland (2015) Nat Neurosci Rev 16
Memory engrams

P Tovote et al. A Luthi (2015) Nat Neurosci Rev 16
Fear conditioning

MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103
Virus-delivered
genetic activity-
induced tagging of
cell ensembles
(vGATE)

MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103
Validating vGATE in vivo

MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103
Validating vGATE: what % of OT
neurons are activated?

MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103
Activation of
oxytocin neurons
during fear
expression

What if we
stimulate these
oxytocin
neurons?
MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103

Testing neurocircuitry
with electrophysiology
MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103

Plastic changes in oxytocin neurons
MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103

Proof of concept experiments
Shiromari et al., 1995

Defining fear engrams
Ramirez et al., 2013

Z Albo & J Graff (2019) Neuron 101: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2018.12.033
Supplementary Slides

M Sgritta et al. M Costa-Mattiloi (2019) Neuron 101: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2018.11.018
Supplementary Slides

P Dong et al. XM Li (2019) Nat Neurosci 22: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-019-0391-6
Supplementary Slides

AN van den Pol (2012) Neuron 76: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2012.09.014
Supplementary Slides

M Roberto & GR Siggins (2006) PNAS 103: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0601899103
Supplementary Slides

Q Wu, MS Clark, RD Palmiter (2012) Nature 483: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10899
Supplementary Slides

Takara, 2019
Supplementary Slides
Q: What type
of virus to use?

Supplementary Slides
Q: Purpose of different set of
experiments, page 136
MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103

Supplementary Slides
Q: Difference between
OTvGATE & OTConstitutive
MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103
OTvGATE
• Virus 1: rAAV-(tetO)7-Pfos-rtTA
• Virus 2: rAAV-Ptetbi-Cre/YC3.60
• Virus 3: rAAV-POT-FLEX-hChR2-mCherry
OTConstitutive
• Virus: rAAV-POT-hChR2-mCherry

Supplementary Slides
Q: Page 141, recruits different
population under novel context
MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103

Supplementary Slides
Q: Page 141, would there be enough
cells for all the contexts?
S Ramirez (2018) Science 360: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau0043
Features
of memory
engrams

Supplementary Slides
Q: Regulation to replace
memory engrams
RL Davis & Y Zhong (2017) Neuron 95: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.05.039

Supplementary Slides
Q: Behavior ramifications to
replaced engrams
G Vetere et al. PW Frankland (2019) Nat Neurosci 22: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-019-0389-0
Manipulating memory engrams

Supplementary Slides
Q: Tagging cells to one day
of fear conditioning
• Yes, but the associative learning may not be
formed sufficiently
• Thus any tagged neurons may not be fear
memory engrams, but related to novelty, pain
etc

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Mustard, as a crop, is susceptible to a variety of pests that can affect its growth and yield. Here’s a rundown of some common pests that target mustard plants: Aphids: These small, sap-sucking insects can cause significant damage by feeding on the leaves and stems. Aphids also excrete a sticky substance known as honeydew, which can lead to the growth of sooty mold on the plants. Flea Beetles: These tiny beetles jump like fleas when disturbed and chew small holes in the leaves. They are particularly damaging in the early growth stages of the plant. Cabbage Loopers: The larvae of a type of moth, these caterpillars are known for their distinctive looping movement. They chew large holes in the leaves and can defoliate plants if present in large numbers. Diamondback Moth Larvae: Another caterpillar pest, these larvae chew small holes in the leaves and can cause extensive damage, especially when infestations are heavy. Whiteflies: These are tiny, winged insects that feed on plant sap and can quickly become a problem in greenhouse or close planting conditions. Like aphids, they also secrete honeydew. Cutworms: These are the larvae of certain types of moths and are known for cutting young plants at the stem base at ground level. They are most destructive during the night. Root Maggots: The larvae of root maggot flies, these pests attack the roots of mustard plants, causing wilting and potentially killing young plants. Harlequin Bugs: These are colorful stink bugs that suck the sap from mustard plant stems and leaves, causing the leaves to become stippled, wilt, and eventually die if the infestation is severe. Mustard Sawfly: The larvae of the mustard sawfly can cause considerable defoliation, as they feed voraciously on the leaves. Clubroot: Caused by a fungus-like organism, clubroot affects the roots, causing them to swell and distort. While technically a disease, it is often associated with pest management because controlling it involves similar preventative strategies. Control Measures: Managing pests in mustard involves a combination of cultural, biological, and chemical methods. Crop rotation, resistant varieties, timely sowing, maintaining plant health, and using natural predators like ladybugs and parasitic wasps can help keep pest populations under control. Chemical pesticides should be used as a last resort due to their potential impact on the environment and non-target species.

Pests of mustard_Identification_Management_Dr.UPR.pdf

PirithiRaju

CELL -Structural and Functional unit of life.pdf

Nistarini College, Purulia (W.B) India

GBSN - Microbiology (Unit 3)

Areesha Ahmad

Presenter: Chen Li, PhD. Professor, Department of Computer Science, University of California Irvine Abstract Many data analytics projects have collaborators with complementary backgrounds, including biologists, bioinformaticians, computer scientists, and AI/ML experts. Many of them have limited experience to code, set up a computing infrastructure, and use MLmodels. Existing tools and services, such as email attachments, GitHub, and Google Drive are inefficient for sharing data and analyses. In this talk, we present an open source system called Texera that provides a cloud computing platform for collaborators to share data and analyses as workflows. After seven years of development, the system has a rich set of powerful features, such as shared editing, shared execution, version control, commenting, debugging, user-defined functions in multiple languages (e.g., Python, R, Java), and support of state-of-the-art AI/ML techniques. Its backend parallel engine enables scalable computation on large data sets using computing clusters. We will show a demo of the system, and present our vision supported by a recent NIH award, dkNET(NIDDK Information Network, https://dknet.org), to serve the diabetes, endocrinology, and metabolic diseases research communities through the FAIR sharing of data and knowledge. Resource link: https://github.com/Texera/texera Upcoming webinars schedule: https://dknet.org/about/webinar

dkNET Webinar "Texera: A Scalable Cloud Computing Platform for Sharing Data a...

dkNET

Proteomics: types, protein profiling steps etc.

Silpa

A Fear Memory Engram and Its Plasticity in the Hypothalamic Oxytocin System

1. Current Literature 2019: Vic Shao- Chih Chiang, Erinda Morina, Andy Bartlett

2. S Maren et al. I Liberzon (2013) Nat Neurosci Rev 14 How do we fear?

3. SA Josselyn et al. PW Frankland (2015) Nat Neurosci Rev 16 Memory engrams

4. P Tovote et al. A Luthi (2015) Nat Neurosci Rev 16 Fear conditioning

5. MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103 Virus-delivered genetic activity- induced tagging of cell ensembles (vGATE)

6. MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103 Validating vGATE in vivo

7. MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103 Validating vGATE: what % of OT neurons are activated?

8. MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103 Activation of oxytocin neurons during fear expression

9. What if we stimulate these oxytocin neurons? MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103

10. Testing neurocircuitry with electrophysiology MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103

11. Plastic changes in oxytocin neurons MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103

12. Proof of concept experiments Shiromari et al., 1995

13. Defining fear engrams Ramirez et al., 2013

14. Z Albo & J Graff (2019) Neuron 101: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2018.12.033 Supplementary Slides

15. M Sgritta et al. M Costa-Mattiloi (2019) Neuron 101: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2018.11.018 Supplementary Slides

16. P Dong et al. XM Li (2019) Nat Neurosci 22: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-019-0391-6 Supplementary Slides

17. AN van den Pol (2012) Neuron 76: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2012.09.014 Supplementary Slides

18. M Roberto & GR Siggins (2006) PNAS 103: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0601899103 Supplementary Slides

19. Q Wu, MS Clark, RD Palmiter (2012) Nature 483: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10899 Supplementary Slides

20. Takara, 2019 Supplementary Slides Q: What type of virus to use?

21. Supplementary Slides Q: Purpose of different set of experiments, page 136 MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103

22. Supplementary Slides Q: Difference between OTvGATE & OTConstitutive MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103 OTvGATE • Virus 1: rAAV-(tetO)7-Pfos-rtTA • Virus 2: rAAV-Ptetbi-Cre/YC3.60 • Virus 3: rAAV-POT-FLEX-hChR2-mCherry OTConstitutive • Virus: rAAV-POT-hChR2-mCherry

23. Supplementary Slides Q: Page 141, recruits different population under novel context MT Hasan et al. V Grinevich (2019) Neuron 103

24. Supplementary Slides Q: Page 141, would there be enough cells for all the contexts? S Ramirez (2018) Science 360: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau0043 Features of memory engrams

25. Supplementary Slides Q: Regulation to replace memory engrams RL Davis & Y Zhong (2017) Neuron 95: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.05.039

26. Supplementary Slides Q: Behavior ramifications to replaced engrams G Vetere et al. PW Frankland (2019) Nat Neurosci 22: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-019-0389-0 Manipulating memory engrams

27. Supplementary Slides Q: Tagging cells to one day of fear conditioning • Yes, but the associative learning may not be formed sufficiently • Thus any tagged neurons may not be fear memory engrams, but related to novelty, pain etc

A Fear Memory Engram and Its Plasticity in the Hypothalamic Oxytocin System

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