Reducing Risk and Liability in Infrastructure Projects

Reducing Risk and Liability in
Infrastructure Projects
Friday,
October 15
9:15 a.m. – 10:30 a.m.
Terry D. Bennett, Autodesk Inc.
Allan Zreet, Jacobs Engineering Group Inc.
Jamie MacDonald, Kleinfelder-SEA Consultants

2© 2006 Autodesk
Allan W. Zreet, AIA, Principal
Transit Practice Leader | Jacobs Global Buildings Division
Jacobs Engineering Group
• 28 years experience in transit planning, design and construction
• Experience includes transit system planning, infrastructure design and transit facilities design
including light rail, commuter rail, intermodal centers and maintenance facilities.
• Experience with planning and design of transit oriented development for both the public and
private sector.
• Recent Projects include:
Project Management Oversight for the PATH World Trade Center Station, New York, NY
Dallas Area Rapid Transit 28 mile light rail extension, Dallas, TX
Anaheim Regional Intermodal Center Project Definition in Anaheim, CA
Tampa High Speed Rail Intermodal Center Planning, Tampa, FL
Project Management Oversight of Honolulu High Capacity Transit Corridor, Honolulu, HI

3© 2006 Autodesk
James MacDonald
Director of Practice Technology
Kleinfelder-SEA
• 20 years of experience in civil engineering design and construction, web-
based information delivery systems, geographic information systems
(GIS), and related technologies.
• Responsible for implementing progressive design technologies at over
sixty North American offices along with locations in Australia, Guam and
London.
• Responsible for the IT services that support Kleinfelder’s lifecycle design
approach, where data created at each phase of a project seamlessly
integrates with subsequent phases

4© 2006 Autodesk
Terry D. Bennett, LS LPF MRICS LEED® AP
Senior Industry Manager, Civil Engineering & Heavy Construction
Autodesk Inc.
• 13½ years at Autodesk
• Leads Autodesk’s global Industry Strategy and Relations around Transportation, Land
Development, Environmental and Heavy Construction
• 28 years in professional practice – Surveying, Civil Engineering, Land Development and
Sustainable/Natural Resource Mgt.
• 24+ years as a worldwide author/presenter on the impact of technology and sustainable
practices to the AEC and Infrastructure firms and their business processes
• Governing Assembly Member of ASCE’s PERSI (Practice, Education & Research for
Sustainable Infrastructure) initiative, member of Harvard’s Graduate School of Design
Sustainable Infrastructure Advisory Board, founding editorial board member of Rebuilding
America’s Infrastructure Magazine and member of the Urban Land Institute’s Public
Development & Infrastructure Council.

5
Reducing Risk and Liability in Infrastructure Projects
Terry D. Bennett, Autodesk Inc.
Image Courtesy of Parsons Brinkerhoff

 Challenges
• Four Billion more people
• Infrastructure failing ($40T WW)
• Transportation needs expanding
• Funding Gap (~$20T WW)
 Reactions
• Re-focusing - from dispersed habitation to urban infill
• Rising of the 3 R’s – Repair, Recondition and Retrofit
• A Greener Planet - Resilient Infrastructure, optimized
mobility & green buildings
• Outcome vs prescription based requirements

© 2010 Autodesk
INFORMATION
Design
Deliver
Collaborate
Simulate
Analyze
Manage
BIM
BIM is a holistic design approach that focuses on design support for visualization, simulation,
analysis and collaboration

© 2010 Autodesk
ProgrammingProgramming
Conceptual
Design
Conceptual
Design
Detailed DesignDetailed Design AnalysisAnalysis
DocumentationDocumentation
FabricationFabrication
Construction
4D/5D
Construction
4D/5D
Construction
Logistics
Construction
Logistics
Operation and
Maintenance
Operation and
Maintenance
DemolitionDemolition
RenovationRenovation
Building
Information
Modeling
Building
Information
Modeling
Urban Revitalization
Decision Starting Point

© 2008 Autodesk
BIM – a Cultural Change
• Much more than visualization
(renderings; animations; 3D CAD
representation) its thinking!
• An integrated planning, design
and construction process based
on an extensive digital database
• Special-purpose 3D/4D/5D
models built and documents
generated as needed
• Planners, designers
constructors and owners
have shared understanding
of project elements and
challenges
• Cross-disciplinary
collaboration reduces design
errors; avoids conflicts;
increases productivity; and
reduces risk and liability

12© 2010 Autodesk
© 2010 Autodesk, Inc.
The Evolution of Design & Construction
Today
Modeling (BIM)
Edges of pavement, sewer & water …
Visual models of objects and their parameters by discipline
– pockets of automation
Some transfer of models between disciplines, clash
detection, automated estimating take off, move to Design-
Build, occurrences of IPD
Complex discipline design problems and alternatives –
sustainability, supply chain schedule, Carbon footprint
Tomorrow
BIM
Digital prototypes of cities, regional developments, cloud
analysis
Visualize, simulate, analyze entire systems and delivery –
creator, consumer, community – supply chain
Interdisciplinary thinking with real time collaboration on
sustainable cities on central model servers (IPD, PA)
Whole scale multiple design approaches & alternatives
(Lifecycle cost analysis & tradeoffs)

13© 2010 Autodesk
© 2010 Autodesk, Inc.
BIM - Benefits for the Project Team
5D Model-to-Cost Estimating
4D Planning Activities
Life-Cycle Decision-Support
3D Sustainable Design & Construction
Direct/Monitor Field Work
Bidding & Coordinating
Subcontractor Shop/Submissions
PreFabrication
As-Built Model
Knowledge Archive
Coordinated Documents/Productivity
Visualization / Win Work
Higher level experience and
Implementation#2

Success Awaits
“The company spent $40,000 to create the models, but identified more than
$150,000 in system clashes. Requests for information were reduced
by 75%, with zero change orders.
The 12 people who worked on the model during preconstruction saved the
work of dozens in the field later, reducing the schedule by 18%.”
- Dan Klancnik, VDC Manager
The Walsh Group

R e d u c i n g R i s k s
f o r I n f r a s t r u c t u r e P r o j e c t s w i t h
B u i l d i n g I n f o r m a t i o n M o d e l i n g
A l l a n W. Z r e e t, A I A
P r i n c i p a l
JACOBS Global Buildings NA

Presentation Overview
 Use of Laser Scanning and BIM for
Documenting Existing Conditions
with 3-D Surveys
Process, Hardware/Software used
 Creating BIM Model of Existing
Conditions
 Application to New Work /
Modifications
 Reducing Risk for Stakeholders
 Lessons Learned / Future
Applications
Data Collection of
Existing Conditions &
Use of Data

What is BIM?
 BIM = Building Information Modeling
 3-D CAD w/ Intelligence; not just line work
Collection of objects with editable attributes
Can include: Size, Material, Specs, When Installed,
Cost
 Database Driven
 Models for Each Design Discipline
 Master Model for Extractions
Views or slices of the model (Data extraction
from objects (i.e. material takeoffs)

Establishing a 3D Database of Existing Conditions
 Application: Lack of “As Built” Documentation
Less time playing catch up
 3D Database of Existing Conditions
 Complete Set of Data
No more repeated reviews of existing conditions as needed
during design; all there at beginning
No additional CAD costs
Same effort required; just moved to front of project
 Design, Construction, Building Management Tool
 Best of Both Worlds
Still use traditional presentation methods (2-D dwgs)
along with new ones (i.e. 3-D PDF interface / output)

Shift in Design Schedule
Rethinking How We Work
TRADITIONAL
DESIGN
BIM
DESIGN

Shifted Design Schedule - Challenges
 While same overall effort is expended, labor is moved
to beginning of project for surveying and design
 Higher rate of labor burn early in the project.
 Early decision making crucial
 Difficult to make major changes late in project

Process: 3-D Survey of Existing Facilities
 Laser Scan Equipment
Set up at multiple locations
Overlapping views

Process: 3-D Survey of Existing Facilities
 Laser Scan Process
Set up at multiple locations
Overlapping views

3-D Survey of Existing Facilities
 Point Cloud
Millions of spatial data points
No intelligence

 Create 3-D Cad Model with No Intelligence

 Convert to Create BIM Model with Intelligence
Post processing used to will create line work from data points

BIM Model Presentation / Animation

Final Product
3-D BIM Model Traditional 2-D Drawing

Advantages
 Early Coordination among Disciplines
 Estimating Exact Quantities

Advantages
 Use by Construction Management for
Progress Tracking

Lessons Learned
 Ensure sufficient level of detail is specified for
3-D surveys
 Obtain plenty of views/scans
 Allow time for post-processing raw survey data
 Establish CAD layering early
 Define BIM model objectives
 Phasing: temporary, interim and final

Reducing Risk to Stakeholders
 Accurate existing condition information from
the beginning
 Effective communication and visualization tool
for all parties
 Identify conflicts / potential problems very early
in design
 Ensures coordination between disciplines
 Accurate estimates
Allows Designer, Client and
Contractor a full understanding
of the project

Future Applications
 Scoping / Feasibility / Existing
Condition Studies
 New Industries (Aging
Transportation and
Infrastructure)
 Design / Build Projects
 Protecting Stakeholders
(Owners/Designers/Builders)
from surprises

2010 ULI FALL MEETING AND URBAN LAND EXPO
Aviation
BridgesRoadway
Wastewater
TransitDrinking Water
Dams & LeveesSolid Waste
EnergySchools

America’s
Infrastructure
G.P.A = D
Required Funding
Over $2 Trillion
ASCE Report Card for America’s
Infrastructure 2009
America’s
Infrastructure
G.P.A = D
Required Funding
Over $2 Trillion
ASCE Report Card for America’s
Infrastructure 2009
Aviation
BridgesRoadway
Wastewater
TransitDrinking Water
Dams & LeveesSolid Waste
EnergySchools

BIMBuilding Information Modeling

Site Model
Structural Model
Process Piping
Model

Linked Structural Model
Linked Mechanical Model

Mechanical Clash with Structural FP Clash with Mechanical
Design Construction

IPDIntegrated Project Delivery

Content taken from: http://www.aia.org/contractdocs/AIAS077630?dvid=4294964480&recspec=AIAS077630
Traditional Design Process
Integrated Design Process

Site
Civil
Owner
Stakeholder
Designer
(A/E) PM
CM/GC PM
Owner’s
Rep
Landscape
Landscape Mechanical
Mechanical
Plumbing
Plumbing
Steel
Framing
Structural
Electrical
Electrical
Fabrication
Architectural
Other
Other
IPD Leadership Team

Construction Simulation Movie

The AIA IPD Guide identifies the characteristics of IPD and provides specific
information and guidance on how to utilize IPD methods to achieve enhanced design,
construction and operations processes.
Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) leverages
early contributions of knowledge and
expertise through the utilization of new
technologies, allowing all team members to
better realize their highest potentials while
expanding the value they provide
throughout the project lifecycle.
• A195–2008, Standard Form of
Agreement Between Owner and
Contractor for Integrated Project Delivery

The AIA BIM Protocol is a practical tool for using BIM across all phases of a project.
It also defines the extent to which downstream model users, such as contractors and
fabricators, can use and rely on the model for scheduling, pricing, fabricating and
construction.
• Who is responsible for each element of the
model and to what level of development?
• What are authorized uses for the model?
• To what extent can users rely on the model?
• Who will manage the model?
• Who owns the model?
Content taken from: http://www.aia.org/contractdocs/AIAS078742

Reducing Risk and Liability in Infrastructure Projects

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Reducing Risk and Liability in Infrastructure Projects