3. (+) Must
• We use ‘must’ when we feel 100% sure that
something is true because we have strong
evidence about the information.
Present Tense
s + must + verb (base form)
9. (+) May / Might / Could
• We use may/might/could when we are not
sure about something but we think it is
possible.
Present Tense
s + may/might/could + verb (base form)
10. She may be lonely!
She might be lonely!
She could be lonely!
11. (-) May not / Might not / Could not
• We use may not/might not/could not when we
think that something is not exactly true.
Present Tense
s + may not /might not /could not + v (base form)
13. (+) May/Might/Could
• We use may/might/could in the past when we
feel unsure about what happened in the past.
Past Tense
s + may have + past participle
s + might have + past participle
s + could have + past participle
14. • He could have been fired!
• He might have gotten into a
fight with someone.
• He may have had a bad day.
15. Can’t
• We use can’t or cannot when we feel 100%
sure that something is NOT true because we
have strong evidence about the information.
s + can’t + verb (base form)
18. Can’t
• We use can’t or cannot in the past when we
feel 100% sure that something is NOT true
about a past situation.
s + can’t have + past participle
19. Maria can’t have been sick yesterday!
I saw her playing tennis in the morning and
soccer in the afternoon!
20. Write modals of deduction for the pictures below!
MUST: 1 Present & 1 Past
21. Write modals of deduction for the pictures below!
CAN’T: 1 Present & 1 Past
22. Write modals of deduction for the pictures below!
MAY/MIGHT/COULD:
1 Present & 1 Past