PuppetConf 2016 Moving from Exec to Types and Provides
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"We want to automate this application rollout and configuration by using Puppet DSL." The task is clear, the tool is clear. But how to proceed? Installation is delivered as tarball, configuration is done by running cli commands. This talk will give an overview on how we started using commands within exec resources, the difficulties and problems that rose up, and the process of moving to Types and Providers.
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PuppetConf 2016 Moving from Exec to Types and Provides
- 1. Moving from Exec to Types and Providers This is not a talk, more a story.
- 2. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 example42 GmbH - Berlin / Germany Martin Alfke CEO & Co-Founder 2
- 3. The Story begins ... Part #1 - Puppet Module using Exec CLI 3
- 4. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Puppet Module for VM management system 4 OpenNebula config concept - Image taken from opennebula.org
- 5. Solution 1 - Exec Resource Type Run the CLI tools 5
- 6. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Exec Resource Type 6
- 7. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Exec Resource Type ● one-time commands ● does not deal well with changes (yes, you can use refreshonly => true) ● was only capable of managing all artefacts of a configuration 7
- 8. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Exec Resource Type ● root Shell with empty environment ● “Emergency Exit” (Luke Kanies - Berlin - Q4/2015) 8
- 9. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Exec Resource Type 9
- 10. The Story continues ... Part #2 - Puppet Module using Defined Resource Types 10
- 11. Solution 2 - Defined Resource Type File - Service Pattern 11
- 12. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Defined Resource Type ● (Package) - File - Service pattern ● self defined resource type as wrapper ● config artefact per title (data from hash) 12
- 13. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Defined Resource Type 13
- 14. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Defined Resource Type ● Service Resource ● Always check hasrestart, hasstatus options ● Possibility to manage individual config artefacts ● Difficulty when changing parameters of an existing config artefact -> restart = stop, start ● Wrapper shell script -> Exec replacement 14
- 15. The Story continues ... Part #3 - Puppet Module using Custom Resource Types 15
- 16. Solution 3 - Custom Resource Type Idempotent, non-breaking, prefetch capable configuration 16
- 17. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Custom Resource Type 17
- 18. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Custom Resource Type 18
- 19. Types and Providers Basic concept 19
- 20. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Types and Providers ● Are CLI tools / API’s available ? ● Can output be rendered in structured data ? 20
- 21. Types Describe Puppet DSL Syntax 21
- 22. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Type - Beginning 22 <module>/lib/puppet/type/my_file.rb
- 23. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Type - Properties and Parameters ● Properties ● everything you can set or modify (e.g. UID) ● Parameters ● change the way how the provider works (e.g. managehome) 23
- 24. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Type - Properties and Parameters 24
- 25. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Type - DSL 25
- 27. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Provider - Beginning 27 <module>/lib/puppet/provider/my_file/ruby.rb
- 28. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Provider - Running commands 28
- 29. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Provider - Properties and Parameters ● Getter ● read the existing state of an attribute ● Setter ● set the desired state of an attribute ● Idempotency 29
- 30. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Provider - Getters and Setters 30
- 31. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Provider - Create and Destroy 31
- 32. Types and Providers Part #4 - Do’s and don’t’s 32
- 33. Dont’s What you don’t want to do - please. 33
- 34. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Types and Providers ● exec in custom Providers ● running %x(...) or exec(...) ● use of restricted words 34
- 35. Do What you want to do. 35
- 36. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Types and Providers ● one type ● one or more providers ● What do you want to manage? ● What may be changed ? ● What can be set on creation only ? 36
- 37. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Types and Providers ● Multiple providers will allow you to react on ● New SW version with new CLI format or new commands ● Different SW usage on different OS 37
- 38. Why Types and Providers Manage an Enterprise Application 38
- 39. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Types and Providers ● Vendor forbids to edit config files ● Vendor insists in using CLI tools ● e.g. IBM WebSphere 39
- 40. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Dear Enterprise Software producers ● give us code for our CfgMgmt tool ● we want one tool to manage everything ● we want to still have your support for your software 40
- 41. Types and Providers Part #5 - How to start 41
- 43. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Ruby - Version and Tools ● Don’t mess your system Ruby ● RVM / rbenv ● Gems ● bundler ● wirble ● pry 43
- 44. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Ruby - ~/.irbrc 44
- 45. Types & Providers Implementation Examples 45
- 46. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Types & Providers - Examples ● Books ● https://www.amazon.com/Puppet-Types-Providers-Dan-Bode/ dp/1449339328 ● Blogs ● http://garylarizza.com/blog/2013/11/25/fun-with-providers/ ● https://www.enterprisemodules.com/blog/2014/01/puppet- custom-types-the-easy-way/ ● http://www.datacentred.co.uk/blog/puppet-custom-types/ 46
- 47. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Types & Providers - Examples ● Docs ● https://docs.puppet.com/guides/custom_types.html ● https://docs.puppet.com/guides/provider_development.html ● https://docs.puppet.com/puppet/latest/reference/ lang_reserved.html ● Talks ● http://www.slideshare.net/TimCinel/writing-custom-puppet- types-and-providers-to-manage-webbased-applications 47
- 48. Types and Providers Part #6 - Summary 48
- 49. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Moving from Exec to Types and Providers - Summary ● Exec is for one time commands only - it is an emergency exit ● Types and Providers are not difficult ● Types have the Puppet DSL syntax, Providers have Logic and Commands 49
- 50. Moving from Exec to Types and providers - Martin Alfke © example42 GmbH 2016 Moving from Exec to Types and Providers - Summary ● Ruby is easy to learn ● Start with IRB + Wirble ● Use Pry Gem for debugging ● Start doing configuration the right way ● Use Puppet’s power for Extensions 50