2. Before SR
• Teachers found truth in
• Greek and Rom an teachings
• The Bible
• Earth was center of universe – geocentric theory

3. The Scientific Revolution
• Spread ing of id eas
• Printing press
• Exploration
• Som e ? The past
• L ooked at nature for answers
• Based on Scientific m ethod
• C hallenged :
• O ld G and R ways
• C hurch

4. N icolaus C opernicus
• D iscovered - heliocentric theory
• Sun center of universe
• Why im portant tod ay (WIT)?
• It’s true!!

5. Galileo Galilei
• C hallenged Aristotle
• L aw of pend ulum
• All objects fall at sam e speed
• C hallenges
• H e proved C opernicus
• WIT
• C hanged scientific world
• C hallenged the church

6. C onflict with the C hurch (Galileo)
• The church urged him to stop his id eas about the universe
• The C hurch forced him to d eny his id eas he knew to be true
• Sentenced to house arrest for the rest of his life (1 642)
• L ater, the C hurch issued an apology to Galileo, saying they were wrong to
suppress his scientific find ings
IN 1992!!!!!

7. Sir Isaac N ewton
• L aw of m otion
• The sam e force rules all m otion in universe
• Every object attracts every other object
• WIT
• Theories still used tod ay

8. Robert Boyle
• Boyle’s law
• Volum e, tem p, and pressure of gas affect each other
• Perfected scientific m ethod in chem istry
• WIT
• Theories still used tod ay

9. Scientific M ethod
• Gathering id eas and testing them
1. Problem or ? with science
2. Form hypothesis or ?
3. Test hypothesis (experim ent) and gather d ata
4. Stud y d ata – get answers
5. Prove or d isprove hypothesis
6. Repeat
• WIT
• C hanged the way we stud y science
• Im proved hum anity

10. 1. Idea goes away if he dies? Others
who have idea?
2. Nuclear weapons?
3. Other periods in history of “dealing”
with beliefs

12. The Enlightenm ent
• Started with two m en
• Thom as H obbes
• John L ocke
• A “revolution” in intelligence – new views of governm ent and
society

13. The Enlightenm ent
• Reached its height in Paris 1 700s
• Expansion of ed ucation and wealth
• M id d le class d em and ing m ore polt rights (Am Rev)
• Philosophes wanted to d iscuss politics and id eas
1. Reason – truth is found in logical thinking
2. N ature – natural law is also good for econ and politics
3. H appiness – joy is now, not in heaven
4. Progress – SM will perfect society
5. L iberty – no restriction on speech, religion, trad e, travel

15. The Enlightenm ent
• Thom as H obbes
• Govt is to keep ord er (no govt = war)
• Social contract
• To escape wicked ness – people give up rights to lead er

16. The Enlightenm ent
• John L ocke
• Govt power is from the people (d em ocracy)
• People born with – life, liberty and property
• Govt is to protect those rights
• People can overthrow their govt

17. The Enlightenm ent
• Voltaire
• Freed om of religion and speech
• M ontesquieu
• Separation of powers in govt (checks and bal)
• Rousseau
• Govt is form ed by the people (d irect d em ocracy)
• Thom as Aquinas
• H is teachings on law/govt influence d em ocracy
• Thom as Jefferson
• Free speech, religion, ind y feed om s, wrote D O I
• William Blackstone
• Influence English law and early Am erican law